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On my Uno-equivalent Arduino, a SoftwareSerial connection (on RX, TX = 8, 9) is working*, while a hardware serial connection to the same device, set up in the same way (but on pins RX, TX = 0, 1) is not working. Why is the hardware serial setup not working?

*By working I mean receiving a byte from the external device

Edit: as a simple example:

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(38000);
  pinMode(7, OUTPUT);
}

void draw() {
  if (Serial.available() > 0) {
    Serial.read();
    tone(7, 440, 1000);
  }
}

The above, using Serial, doesn't work, whereas

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

SoftwareSerial serial(8, 9);

void setup() {
  serial.begin(38000);
  pinMode(7, OUTPUT);
}

void draw() {
  if (serial.available() > 0) {
    serial.read();
    tone(7, 440, 1000);
  }
}

does work.

On my Uno-equivalent Arduino, a SoftwareSerial connection (on RX, TX = 8, 9) is working*, while a hardware serial connection to the same device, set up in the same way (but on pins RX, TX = 0, 1) is not working. Why is the hardware serial setup not working?

*By working I mean receiving a byte from the external device

Edit: as a simple example:

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(38000);
  pinMode(7, OUTPUT);
}

void draw() {
  if (Serial.available() > 0) {
    Serial.read();
    tone(7, 440, 1000);
  }
}

The above, using Serial, doesn't work, whereas

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

SoftwareSerial serial(8, 9);

void setup() {
  serial.begin(38000);
  pinMode(7, OUTPUT);
}

void draw() {
  if (serial.available() > 0) {
    serial.read();
    tone(7, 440, 1000);
  }
}

does work.

I don't know if this helps, but connecting RX/TX through an LED to ground gave me the following, using Serial on (0, 1) and SoftwareSerial on (8, 9):

Serial
RX: bright
TX: bright
SoftwareSerial
RX: dim (but still lit)
TX: bright

Is the fact that RX is dim using SoftwareSerial significant?

On my Uno-equivalent Arduino, a SoftwareSerial connection (on RX, TX = 8, 9) is working, while a hardware serial connection to the same device, set up in the same way (but on pins RX, TX = 0, 1) is not working. Why is the hardware serial setup not working?

Edit: as a simple example:

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(38000);
  pinMode(7, OUTPUT);
}

void draw() {
  if (Serial.available() > 0) {
    Serial.read();
    tone(7, 440, 1000);
  }
}

The above, using Serial, doesn't work, whereas

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

SoftwareSerial serial(8, 9);

void setup() {
  serial.begin(38000);
  pinMode(7, OUTPUT);
}

void draw() {
  if (serial.available() > 0) {
    serial.read();
    tone(7, 440, 1000);
  }
}

does work.

On my Uno-equivalent Arduino, a SoftwareSerial connection (on RX, TX = 8, 9) is working*, while a hardware serial connection to the same device, set up in the same way (but on pins RX, TX = 0, 1) is not working. Why is the hardware serial setup not working?

*By working I mean receiving a byte from the external device

Edit: as a simple example:

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(38000);
  pinMode(7, OUTPUT);
}

void draw() {
  if (Serial.available() > 0) {
    Serial.read();
    tone(7, 440, 1000);
  }
}

The above, using Serial, doesn't work, whereas

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

SoftwareSerial serial(8, 9);

void setup() {
  serial.begin(38000);
  pinMode(7, OUTPUT);
}

void draw() {
  if (serial.available() > 0) {
    serial.read();
    tone(7, 440, 1000);
  }
}

does work.

On my Uno-equivalent Arduino, a SoftwareSerial connection (on RX, TX = 8, 9) is working, while a hardware serial connection to the same device, set up in the same way (but on pins RX, TX = 0, 1) is not working. Why is the hardware serial setup not working?

On my Uno-equivalent Arduino, a SoftwareSerial connection (on RX, TX = 8, 9) is working, while a hardware serial connection to the same device, set up in the same way (but on pins RX, TX = 0, 1) is not working. Why is the hardware serial setup not working?

Edit: as a simple example:

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(38000);
  pinMode(7, OUTPUT);
}

void draw() {
  if (Serial.available() > 0) {
    Serial.read();
    tone(7, 440, 1000);
  }
}

The above, using Serial, doesn't work, whereas

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

SoftwareSerial serial(8, 9);

void setup() {
  serial.begin(38000);
  pinMode(7, OUTPUT);
}

void draw() {
  if (serial.available() > 0) {
    serial.read();
    tone(7, 440, 1000);
  }
}

does work.