You write the read value directly to value, while value is actually and array. Try this instead.
void loop() {
value[0] = EEPROM.read(address);
value[1] = EEPROM.read(address + 1);
Serial.print(address);
Serial.print("\t");
Serial.print(value[0]);
Serial.print("\t");
Serial.print(value[1]);
Serial.println();
address = address + 2;
if (address == 512) {
address = 0;
} // not address==0;
delay(500);
}