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| author | Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> | 2007-09-20 16:26:31 +0000 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> | 2007-09-20 16:26:31 +0000 |
| commit | 0daa9e92d0cc449d25d4fd200759177024baae84 (patch) | |
| tree | ab554843b62ec3ad24acbdfbc8535e787c88d924 | |
| parent | c11b1abf2e2241d8efe19feb04c2a7e1e06c19b0 (diff) | |
| download | man-pages-0daa9e92d0cc449d25d4fd200759177024baae84.tar.gz | |
Fix redundant formatting macros
203 files changed, 702 insertions, 702 deletions
diff --git a/man1/intro.1 b/man1/intro.1 index f118a4965d..1e7d02f0da 100644 --- a/man1/intro.1 +++ b/man1/intro.1 @@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ drwxr-xr-x 2 aeb 1024 Aug 6 23:51 bin .BI "% " "rm tel1" .BI "% " "grep maja tel2" maja 0501-1136285 -.BI "% " +.B "% " .fi .RE and here typing Control-D ended the session. diff --git a/man1/ldd.1 b/man1/ldd.1 index 0cd6b28666..20143d3720 100644 --- a/man1/ldd.1 +++ b/man1/ldd.1 @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ ldd \- print shared library dependencies .SH SYNOPSIS .B ldd -.RB [OPTION]... +.R [OPTION]... FILE... .SH DESCRIPTION .B ldd diff --git a/man1/time.1 b/man1/time.1 index 90491a4026..66c17dcb91 100644 --- a/man1/time.1 +++ b/man1/time.1 @@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ useful information, not only about time used, but also on other resources like memory, I/O and IPC calls (where available). The output is formatted using a format string that can be specified using the \-f option or the -.BR TIME +.B TIME environment variable. .LP The default format string is @@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ GNU time version 1.7 is not yet localized. Thus, it does not implement the POSIX requirements. .LP The environment variable -.BR TIME +.B TIME was badly chosen. It is not unusual for systems like .BR autoconf (1) diff --git a/man2/accept.2 b/man2/accept.2 index 36138479b9..eac7d0f944 100644 --- a/man2/accept.2 +++ b/man2/accept.2 @@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ the network errors defined for the protocol after .BR accept () and treat them like -.BR EAGAIN +.B EAGAIN by retrying. In case of TCP/IP these are .BR ENETDOWN , @@ -244,9 +244,9 @@ first appeared in 4.2BSD), POSIX.1-2001. On Linux, the new socket returned by .BR accept () does \fInot\fP inherit file status flags such as -.BR O_NONBLOCK +.B O_NONBLOCK and -.BR O_ASYNC +.B O_ASYNC from the listening socket. This behavior differs from the canonical BSD sockets implementation. .\" Some testing seems to show that Tru64 5.1 and HP-UX 11 also diff --git a/man2/alloc_hugepages.2 b/man2/alloc_hugepages.2 index b945a58cd6..391de40662 100644 --- a/man2/alloc_hugepages.2 +++ b/man2/alloc_hugepages.2 @@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ is then a new huge page segment is created when none with the given key existed. If this flag is not set, then -.BR ENOENT +.B ENOENT is returned when no segment with the given key exists. .IR .SH "RETURN VALUE" diff --git a/man2/cacheflush.2 b/man2/cacheflush.2 index 75c3a0c725..a171fb4023 100644 --- a/man2/cacheflush.2 +++ b/man2/cacheflush.2 @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ user addresses in the range .I addr to .IR (addr+nbytes-1) . -.IR cache +.I cache may be one of: .TP .B ICACHE diff --git a/man2/chmod.2 b/man2/chmod.2 index cb289276df..46fd986af3 100644 --- a/man2/chmod.2 +++ b/man2/chmod.2 @@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ or referenced by is changed. Modes are specified by -.IR or'ing +.I or'ing the following: .RS .TP 1.0i diff --git a/man2/clone.2 b/man2/clone.2 index bf64baa521..c38033db04 100644 --- a/man2/clone.2 +++ b/man2/clone.2 @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ It is actually a library function layered on top of the underlying system call, hereinafter referred to as .BR sys_clone . A description of -.BR sys_clone +.B sys_clone is given towards the end of this page. Unlike diff --git a/man2/connect.2 b/man2/connect.2 index 1d244f5958..5b579b1d39 100644 --- a/man2/connect.2 +++ b/man2/connect.2 @@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ system call connects the socket referred to by the file descriptor to the address specified by .IR serv_addr . The -.IR addrlen +.I addrlen argument specifies the size of .IR serv_addr . The format of the address in diff --git a/man2/epoll_ctl.2 b/man2/epoll_ctl.2 index f3427b2763..37077edd69 100644 --- a/man2/epoll_ctl.2 +++ b/man2/epoll_ctl.2 @@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ Control an descriptor, .IR epfd , by requesting that the operation -.IR op +.I op be performed on the target file descriptor, .IR fd . The -.IR event +.I event describes the object linked to the file descriptor .IR fd . The @@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ The interface supports all file descriptors that support .BR poll (2). Valid values for the -.IR op +.I op parameter are : .RS .TP @@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ from the file descriptor, .IR epfd . The -.IR event +.I event is ignored and can be NULL (but see BUGS below). .RE .SH "RETURN VALUE" @@ -181,17 +181,17 @@ is not a valid file descriptor. was .BR EPOLL_CTL_ADD , and the supplied file descriptor -.IR fd +.I fd is already in .IR epfd . .TP .B EINVAL -.IR epfd +.I epfd is not an .B epoll file descriptor, or -.IR fd +.I fd is the same as .IR epfd , or the requested operation @@ -201,11 +201,11 @@ is not supported by this interface. .B ENOENT .I op was -.BR EPOLL_CTL_MOD +.B EPOLL_CTL_MOD or .BR EPOLL_CTL_DEL , and -.IR fd +.I fd is not in .IR epfd . .TP diff --git a/man2/epoll_wait.2 b/man2/epoll_wait.2 index eef5483d6f..e6351d1951 100644 --- a/man2/epoll_wait.2 +++ b/man2/epoll_wait.2 @@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ requested events occurred or the expired. .TP .B EINVAL -.IR epfd +.I epfd is not an .B epoll file descriptor, or diff --git a/man2/execve.2 b/man2/execve.2 index c9966dff54..36a0d28dfd 100644 --- a/man2/execve.2 +++ b/man2/execve.2 @@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ after a successful If the set-user-ID bit is set on the program file pointed to by \fIfilename\fP, and the underlying file system is not mounted -.IR nosuid +.I nosuid (the .B MS_NOSUID flag for @@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ flag is cleared. .IP * 4 The process name, as set by .BR prctl (2) -.BR PR_SET_NAME +.B PR_SET_NAME (and displayed by .IR "ps \-o comm" ), is reset to the name of the new executable file. @@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ By default, file descriptors remain open across an .BR execve (). File descriptors that are marked close-on-exec are closed ; see the description of -.BR FD_CLOEXEC +.B FD_CLOEXEC in .BR fcntl (2). (If a file descriptor is closed, this will cause the release @@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ and environment .RI ( envp ) strings that may be passed to a new program. POSIX.1 allows an implementation to advertise this limit using the -.BR ARG_MAX +.B ARG_MAX constant (either defined in .I <limits.h> or available at run time using the call @@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ resource limit (see For these architectures, the total size is limited to 1/4 of the allowed stack size, the limit per string is 32 pages (the kernel constant -.BR MAX_ARG_STRLEN), +.B MAX_ARG_STRLEN), and the maximum number of strings is 0x7FFFFFFF. (This change allows programs to have a much larger argument and/or environment list. @@ -466,7 +466,7 @@ and can be specified as NULL, which has the same effect as specifying these arguments as pointers to lists containing a single NULL pointer. -.BR "Do not take advantage of this misfeature!" +.B "Do not take advantage of this misfeature!" It is non-standard and non-portable: on most other Unix systems doing this will result in an error. .\" e.g., EFAULT on Solaris 8 and FreeBSD 6.1; but diff --git a/man2/faccessat.2 b/man2/faccessat.2 index 2c690f5026..e29d61e135 100644 --- a/man2/faccessat.2 +++ b/man2/faccessat.2 @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ If the pathname given in .I pathname is relative, then it is interpreted relative to the directory referred to by the file descriptor -.IR dirfd +.I dirfd (rather than relative to the current working directory of the calling process, as is done by .BR access (2) @@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ directory of the calling process (like .BR access (2)). If -.IR pathname +.I pathname is absolute, then .I dirfd is ignored. diff --git a/man2/fchmodat.2 b/man2/fchmodat.2 index e71fa8870a..334e6dba50 100644 --- a/man2/fchmodat.2 +++ b/man2/fchmodat.2 @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ If the pathname given in .I pathname is relative, then it is interpreted relative to the directory referred to by the file descriptor -.IR dirfd +.I dirfd (rather than relative to the current working directory of the calling process, as is done by .BR chmod (2) @@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ directory of the calling process (like .BR chmod (2)). If -.IR pathname +.I pathname is absolute, then .I dirfd is ignored. @@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ is relative and is a file descriptor referring to a file other than a directory. .TP .B ENOTSUP -.IR flags +.I flags specified .BR AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW , which is not supported. diff --git a/man2/fchownat.2 b/man2/fchownat.2 index fc0011abf1..f655d11e92 100644 --- a/man2/fchownat.2 +++ b/man2/fchownat.2 @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ If the pathname given in .I pathname is relative, then it is interpreted relative to the directory referred to by the file descriptor -.IR dirfd +.I dirfd (rather than relative to the current working directory of the calling process, as is done by .BR chown (2) @@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ directory of the calling process (like .BR chown (2)). If -.IR pathname +.I pathname is absolute, then .I dirfd is ignored. diff --git a/man2/fcntl.2 b/man2/fcntl.2 index cf3d1a1cd4..324102830d 100644 --- a/man2/fcntl.2 +++ b/man2/fcntl.2 @@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ On Linux this command can only change the .BR O_DIRECT , .BR O_NOATIME , and -.BR O_NONBLOCK +.B O_NONBLOCK flags. .\" FIXME . According to POSIX.1-2001, O_SYNC should also be modifiable .\" via fcntl(2), but currently Linux does not permit this @@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ or converted to a mode that is compatible with the access. If the .B O_NONBLOCK flag is enabled, then the system call fails with the error -.BR EAGAIN +.B EAGAIN or .BR EWOULDBLOCK . @@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ Sending a signal to the owner process (group) specified by is subject to the same permissions checks as are described for .BR kill (2), where the sending process is the one that employs -.BR F_SETOWN +.B F_SETOWN (but see BUGS below). .sp If the file descriptor @@ -916,7 +916,7 @@ Only the operations .BR F_SETLKW , .BR F_GETOWN , and -.BR F_SETOWN +.B F_SETOWN are specified in POSIX.1-2001. .BR F_GETSIG , @@ -924,10 +924,10 @@ are specified in POSIX.1-2001. .BR F_NOTIFY , .BR F_GETLEASE , and -.BR F_SETLEASE +.B F_SETLEASE are Linux specific. (Define the -.BR _GNU_SOURCE +.B _GNU_SOURCE macro to obtain these definitions.) .\" .PP .\" SVr4 documents additional EIO, ENOLINK and EOVERFLOW error conditions. diff --git a/man2/fork.2 b/man2/fork.2 index c39baf2c0e..04465a86ae 100644 --- a/man2/fork.2 +++ b/man2/fork.2 @@ -168,9 +168,9 @@ It was not possible to create a new process because the caller's .B RLIMIT_NPROC resource limit was encountered. To exceed this limit, the process must have either the -.BR CAP_SYS_ADMIN +.B CAP_SYS_ADMIN or the -.BR CAP_SYS_RESOURCE +.B CAP_SYS_RESOURCE capability. .TP .B ENOMEM diff --git a/man2/fstatat.2 b/man2/fstatat.2 index 48b317173d..faa98286a0 100644 --- a/man2/fstatat.2 +++ b/man2/fstatat.2 @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ If the pathname given in .I pathname is relative, then it is interpreted relative to the directory referred to by the file descriptor -.IR dirfd +.I dirfd (rather than relative to the current working directory of the calling process, as is done by .BR stat (2) @@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ directory of the calling process (like .BR stat (2)). If -.IR pathname +.I pathname is absolute, then .I dirfd is ignored. diff --git a/man2/futimesat.2 b/man2/futimesat.2 index c84d46a723..9f0526ea47 100644 --- a/man2/futimesat.2 +++ b/man2/futimesat.2 @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ If the pathname given in .I pathname is relative, then it is interpreted relative to the directory referred to by the file descriptor -.IR dirfd +.I dirfd (rather than relative to the current working directory of the calling process, as is done by .BR utimes (2) @@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ directory of the calling process (like .BR utimes (2)). If -.IR pathname +.I pathname is absolute, then .I dirfd is ignored. diff --git a/man2/get_mempolicy.2 b/man2/get_mempolicy.2 index 039268d61f..f703f34312 100644 --- a/man2/get_mempolicy.2 +++ b/man2/get_mempolicy.2 @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ The memory policy defines from which node memory is allocated for the process. If -.IR flags +.I flags is specified as 0, then information about the calling process's default policy (as set by @@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ argument is not NULL, then will store the policy mode of the requested NUMA policy in the location pointed to by this argument. If -.IR nodemask +.I nodemask is not NULL, then the nodemask associated with the policy will be stored in the location pointed to by this argument. .I maxnode diff --git a/man2/gethostname.2 b/man2/gethostname.2 index 76431e0706..b5e7ec1b78 100644 --- a/man2/gethostname.2 +++ b/man2/gethostname.2 @@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ but not SUSv2 guarantees that `Host names are limited to 255 bytes'. POSIX.1-2001 guarantees that `Host names (not including the terminating null byte) are limited to -.BR HOST_NAME_MAX +.B HOST_NAME_MAX bytes'. .SS Glibc Notes The GNU C library implements @@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ Versions of glibc before 2.2 handle the case where the length of the .I nodename was greater than or equal to -.IR len +.I len differently: nothing is copied into .I name and the function returns \-1 with diff --git a/man2/getpagesize.2 b/man2/getpagesize.2 index 6fa8414894..b5102117cf 100644 --- a/man2/getpagesize.2 +++ b/man2/getpagesize.2 @@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ long sz = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE); .RE (most systems allow the synonym -.BR _SC_PAGE_SIZE +.B _SC_PAGE_SIZE for .BR _SC_PAGESIZE ), or diff --git a/man2/getpriority.2 b/man2/getpriority.2 index 870ba7a170..58dcce0e1f 100644 --- a/man2/getpriority.2 +++ b/man2/getpriority.2 @@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ The nice value is preserved across .BR execve (2). The details on the condition for -.BR EPERM +.B EPERM depend on the system. The above description is what POSIX.1-2001 says, and seems to be followed on all System V-like systems. diff --git a/man2/getrlimit.2 b/man2/getrlimit.2 index 3fb496aab1..691cab8fe1 100644 --- a/man2/getrlimit.2 +++ b/man2/getrlimit.2 @@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ points outside the accessible address space. is not valid; or, for .BR setrlimit (): -.IR rlim->rlim_cur +.I rlim->rlim_cur was greater than .IR rlim->rlim_max . .TP @@ -367,12 +367,12 @@ maximum .RB ( NR_OPEN ). .SH CONFORMING TO SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001. -.BR RLIMIT_MEMLOCK +.B RLIMIT_MEMLOCK and -.BR RLIMIT_NPROC +.B RLIMIT_NPROC derive from BSD and are not specified in POSIX.1-2001; they are present on the BSDs and Linux, but on few other implementations. -.BR RLIMIT_RSS +.B RLIMIT_RSS derives from BSD and is not specified in POSIX.1-2001; it is nevertheless present on most implementations. .BR RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE , @@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ Kernels before 2.4.22 did not diagnose the error for .BR setrlimit () when -.IR rlim->rlim_cur +.I rlim->rlim_cur was greater than .IR rlim->rlim_max . .SH "SEE ALSO" diff --git a/man2/getrusage.2 b/man2/getrusage.2 index 9527a538c3..619cf1d2e6 100644 --- a/man2/getrusage.2 +++ b/man2/getrusage.2 @@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ In linux 2.4 only the fields .IR ru_stime , .IR ru_minflt , and -.IR ru_majflt +.I ru_majflt are maintained. Since Linux 2.6, .I ru_nvcsw diff --git a/man2/inotify_init.2 b/man2/inotify_init.2 index 411d8553ee..447caf51bd 100644 --- a/man2/inotify_init.2 +++ b/man2/inotify_init.2 @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ inotify_init \- initialize an inotify instance .SH SYNOPSIS .B #include <sys/inotify.h> .sp -.BI "int inotify_init(void);" +.B "int inotify_init(void);" .SH DESCRIPTION .BR inotify_init () initializes a new inotify instance and returns a file descriptor associated diff --git a/man2/ioctl.2 b/man2/ioctl.2 index 55ca07b6f4..67814b1972 100644 --- a/man2/ioctl.2 +++ b/man2/ioctl.2 @@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ Often the .BR open (2) call has unwanted side effects, that can be avoided under Linux by giving it the -.BR O_NONBLOCK +.B O_NONBLOCK flag. .SH "SEE ALSO" .BR execve (2), diff --git a/man2/ioprio_set.2 b/man2/ioprio_set.2 index 765e5a7864..4b01187586 100644 --- a/man2/ioprio_set.2 +++ b/man2/ioprio_set.2 @@ -107,9 +107,9 @@ value, which is returned as the result of the macro. .TP .BI IOPRIO_PRIO_CLASS( mask ) Given -.IR mask +.I mask (an -.IR ioprio +.I ioprio value), this macro returns its I/O class component, that is, one of the values .BR IOPRIO_CLASS_RT , @@ -119,9 +119,9 @@ or .TP .BI IOPRIO_PRIO_DATA( mask ) Given -.IR mask +.I mask (an -.IR ioprio +.I ioprio value), this macro returns its priority .RI ( data ) component. diff --git a/man2/killpg.2 b/man2/killpg.2 index 5020b095ae..7df6478398 100644 --- a/man2/killpg.2 +++ b/man2/killpg.2 @@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ A difference not mentioned by POSIX concerns the return value .BR EPERM : BSD documents that no signal is sent and -.BR EPERM +.B EPERM returned when the permission check failed for at least one target process, while POSIX documents .B EPERM diff --git a/man2/linkat.2 b/man2/linkat.2 index 5badbcb07d..17fa432e7a 100644 --- a/man2/linkat.2 +++ b/man2/linkat.2 @@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ If the pathname given in .I oldpath is relative, then it is interpreted relative to the directory referred to by the file descriptor -.IR olddirfd +.I olddirfd (rather than relative to the current working directory of the calling process, as is done by .BR link (2) @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ directory of the calling process (like .BR link (2)). If -.IR oldpath +.I oldpath is absolute, then .I olddirfd is ignored. @@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ is a file descriptor referring to a file other than a directory; or similar for .I newpath and -.IR newdirfd +.I newdirfd .SH VERSIONS .BR linkat () was added to Linux in kernel 2.6.16. diff --git a/man2/lookup_dcookie.2 b/man2/lookup_dcookie.2 index b9c15bd427..69b31e7f9d 100644 --- a/man2/lookup_dcookie.2 +++ b/man2/lookup_dcookie.2 @@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ The buffer was not large enough to hold the path of the directory entry. .SH VERSIONS Available since Linux 2.5.43. The -.BR ENAMETOOLONG +.B ENAMETOOLONG error return was added in 2.5.70. .SH "CONFORMING TO" .BR lookup_dcookie () diff --git a/man2/madvise.2 b/man2/madvise.2 index 8f501c6e56..cd67f61007 100644 --- a/man2/madvise.2 +++ b/man2/madvise.2 @@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ The map exists, but the area maps something that isn't a file. .TP .B EINVAL The value -.IR len +.I len is negative, .\" .I len .\" is zero, @@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ for file access. .BR MADV_REMOVE , .BR MADV_DONTFORK , and -.BR MADV_DOFORK +.B MADV_DOFORK are Linux specific. .SH NOTES .SS "Linux Notes" diff --git a/man2/mbind.2 b/man2/mbind.2 index 0ced19c994..45e426e961 100644 --- a/man2/mbind.2 +++ b/man2/mbind.2 @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ which consists of a policy mode and zero or more nodes, for the memory range starting with .I start and continuing for -.IR len +.I len bytes. The memory of a NUMA machine is divided into multiple nodes. The memory policy defines from which node memory is allocated. @@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ only has an effect for new allocations; if the pages inside the range have been already touched before setting the policy, then the policy has no effect. This default behavior may be overridden by the -.BR MPOL_MF_MOVE +.B MPOL_MF_MOVE and .B MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL flags described below. @@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ range of memory via If .B MPOL_MF_STRICT is passed in -.IR flags +.I flags and .I policy is not diff --git a/man2/mkdir.2 b/man2/mkdir.2 index 8e1d166333..7fc6f1f898 100644 --- a/man2/mkdir.2 +++ b/man2/mkdir.2 @@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ is set appropriately). .B EACCES The parent directory does not allow write permission to the process, or one of the directories in -.IR pathname +.I pathname did not allow search permission. (See also .BR path_resolution (7).) @@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ is not, in fact, a directory. .TP .B EPERM The filesystem containing -.IR pathname +.I pathname does not support the creation of directories. .TP .B EROFS diff --git a/man2/mkdirat.2 b/man2/mkdirat.2 index 55dd2c5485..7644ed782f 100644 --- a/man2/mkdirat.2 +++ b/man2/mkdirat.2 @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ If the pathname given in .I pathname is relative, then it is interpreted relative to the directory referred to by the file descriptor -.IR dirfd +.I dirfd (rather than relative to the current working directory of the calling process, as is done by .BR mkdir (2) @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ directory of the calling process (like .BR mkdir (2)). If -.IR pathname +.I pathname is absolute, then .I dirfd is ignored. diff --git a/man2/mknod.2 b/man2/mknod.2 index cdfe39ef77..561a067cce 100644 --- a/man2/mknod.2 +++ b/man2/mknod.2 @@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ It should be a combination (using bitwise OR) of one of the file types listed below and the permissions for the new node. The permissions are modified by the process's -.IR umask +.I umask in the usual way: the permissions of the created node are .IR "(mode & ~umask)" . @@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ The file type must be one of .BR S_IFREG , .BR S_IFCHR , .BR S_IFBLK , -.BR S_IFIFO +.B S_IFIFO or -.BR S_IFSOCK +.B S_IFSOCK .\" (S_IFSOCK since Linux 1.2.4) to specify a normal file (which will be created empty), character special file, block special file, FIFO (named pipe), or Unix domain socket, @@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ is set appropriately). .B EACCES The parent directory does not allow write permission to the process, or one of the directories in the path prefix of -.IR pathname +.I pathname did not allow search permission. (See also .BR path_resolution (7).) diff --git a/man2/mknodat.2 b/man2/mknodat.2 index a3fa5fe2a5..60edd3c33b 100644 --- a/man2/mknodat.2 +++ b/man2/mknodat.2 @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ If the pathname given in .I pathname is relative, then it is interpreted relative to the directory referred to by the file descriptor -.IR dirfd +.I dirfd (rather than relative to the current working directory of the calling process, as is done by .BR mknod (2) @@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ directory of the calling process (like .BR mknod (2)). If -.IR pathname +.I pathname is absolute, then .I dirfd is ignored. diff --git a/man2/mlock.2 b/man2/mlock.2 index 887878fa18..f1e0872279 100644 --- a/man2/mlock.2 +++ b/man2/mlock.2 @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ may fail if it would cause the number of locked bytes to exceed the permitted maximum (see below). In the same circumstances, stack growth may likewise fail: the kernel will deny stack expansion and deliver a -.BR SIGSEGV +.B SIGSEGV signal to the process. .BR munlockall () diff --git a/man2/mmap.2 b/man2/mmap.2 index a0d99e7978..9789de530c 100644 --- a/man2/mmap.2 +++ b/man2/mmap.2 @@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ a write to the mapped region, and before a subsequent with the .B MS_SYNC or -.BR MS_ASYNC +.B MS_ASYNC flag, if one occurs. .SH "RETURN VALUE" On success, @@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ We don't like .IR start , .IR length , or -.IR offset +.I offset (e.g., they are too large, or not aligned on a page boundary). .TP .B EINVAL @@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ with a suitably adjusted value for .IR offset . On some hardware architectures (e.g., x86), -.BR PROT_WRITE +.B PROT_WRITE implies .BR PROT_READ . It is architecture dependent whether diff --git a/man2/modify_ldt.2 b/man2/modify_ldt.2 index 9fd24949dd..1e9561a8e5 100644 --- a/man2/modify_ldt.2 +++ b/man2/modify_ldt.2 @@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ or 0 (for writing). On failure, .BR modify_ldt () returns \-1 and sets -.IR errno +.I errno to indicate the error. .SH ERRORS .TP diff --git a/man2/mount.2 b/man2/mount.2 index 92542d9a2f..810b1e4642 100644 --- a/man2/mount.2 +++ b/man2/mount.2 @@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ on the same mount point. .\" Multiple mounts on same mount point: since 2.3.99pre7. Values for the -.IR filesystemtype +.I filesystemtype argument supported by the kernel are listed in .I /proc/filesystems (like "minix", "ext2", "msdos", "proc", "nfs", "iso9660" etc.). @@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ Further types may become available when the appropriate modules are loaded. The -.IR mountflags +.I mountflags argument may have the magic number 0xC0ED (\fBMS_MGC_VAL\fP) in the top 16 bits (this was required in kernel versions prior to 2.4, but is no longer required and ignored if specified), @@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ can be changed: .BR MS_SYNCHRONOUS , .BR MS_MANDLOCK ; before kernel 2.6.16, the following could also be changed: -.BR MS_NOATIME +.B MS_NOATIME and .BR MS_NODIRATIME ; and, additionally, before kernel 2.4, the following could also be changed: @@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ The flag is also settable on a per-mount-point basis. .PP The -.IR data +.I data argument is interpreted by the different file systems. Typically it is a string of comma-separated options understood by this file system. @@ -401,12 +401,12 @@ leaving only \fIumount(dir)\fP (since now devices can be mounted in more than one place, so specifying the device does not suffice). .LP The original -.BR MS_SYNC +.B MS_SYNC flag was renamed -.BR MS_SYNCHRONOUS +.B MS_SYNCHRONOUS in 1.1.69 when a different -.BR MS_SYNC +.B MS_SYNC was added to \fI<mman.h>\fP. .LP Before Linux 2.4 an attempt to execute a set-user-ID or set-group-ID program diff --git a/man2/mprotect.2 b/man2/mprotect.2 index 1be0a8ccc0..3edf794a8a 100644 --- a/man2/mprotect.2 +++ b/man2/mprotect.2 @@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ has any effect different from .B PROT_READ is architecture and kernel version dependent. On some hardware architectures (e.g., x86), -.BR PROT_WRITE +.B PROT_WRITE implies .BR PROT_READ . diff --git a/man2/mremap.2 b/man2/mremap.2 index cc8ee39b5a..95b1b89d5c 100644 --- a/man2/mremap.2 +++ b/man2/mremap.2 @@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ is unmapped. If .B MREMAP_FIXED is specified, then -.BR MREMAP_MAYMOVE +.B MREMAP_MAYMOVE must also be specified. .PP If the memory segment specified by diff --git a/man2/msgctl.2 b/man2/msgctl.2 index 7a0cd90d1e..eda5e6c311 100644 --- a/man2/msgctl.2 +++ b/man2/msgctl.2 @@ -154,12 +154,12 @@ Returns information about system-wide message queue limits and parameters in the structure pointed to by .IR buf . This structure is of type -.IR msginfo +.I msginfo (thus, a cast is required), defined in .I <sys/msg.h> if the -.BR _GNU_SOURCE +.B _GNU_SOURCE feature test macro is defined: .nf .in +2n @@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ On success, .BR IPC_STAT , .BR IPC_SET , and -.BR IPC_RMID +.B IPC_RMID return 0. A successful .B IPC_INFO @@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ is set to one of the following: The argument .I cmd is equal to -.BR IPC_STAT +.B IPC_STAT or .BR MSG_STAT , but the calling process does not have read permission on the message queue @@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ SVr4, POSIX.1-2001. .SH NOTES The .BR IPC_INFO , -.BR MSG_STAT +.B MSG_STAT and .B MSG_INFO operations are used by the @@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ under Linux 2.4. To take advantage of this, a recompilation under glibc-2.1.91 or later should suffice. (The kernel distinguishes old and new calls by an -.BR IPC_64 +.B IPC_64 flag in .IR cmd .) .SH "SEE ALSO" diff --git a/man2/msgget.2 b/man2/msgget.2 index 1866d80423..d83c5e8b53 100644 --- a/man2/msgget.2 +++ b/man2/msgget.2 @@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ or isn't .BR IPC_PRIVATE , no message queue with the given key -.IR key +.I key exists, and .B IPC_CREAT is specified in @@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ are set to the least significant 9 bits of .IR msg_qnum , .IR msg_lspid , .IR msg_lrpid , -.IR msg_stime +.I msg_stime and .I msg_rtime are set to 0. @@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ A message queue exists for .IR key , but the calling process does not have permission to access the queue, and does not have the -.BR CAP_IPC_OWNER +.B CAP_IPC_OWNER capability. .TP .B EEXIST @@ -206,13 +206,13 @@ dependent .IR /proc/sys/kernel/msgmni ). .SS "Linux Notes" Until version 2.3.20 Linux would return -.BR EIDRM +.B EIDRM for a .BR msgget () on a message queue scheduled for deletion. .SH BUGS The name choice -.BR IPC_PRIVATE +.B IPC_PRIVATE was perhaps unfortunate, IPC_NEW would more clearly show its function. .SH "SEE ALSO" diff --git a/man2/msgop.2 b/man2/msgop.2 index 359b3db1c7..38d8c99dcf 100644 --- a/man2/msgop.2 +++ b/man2/msgop.2 @@ -168,15 +168,15 @@ argument. If the message text has length greater than .IR msgsz , then the behavior depends on whether -.BR MSG_NOERROR +.B MSG_NOERROR is specified in .IR msgflg . If -.BR MSG_NOERROR +.B MSG_NOERROR is specified, then the message text will be truncated (and the truncated part will be lost); if -.BR MSG_NOERROR +.B MSG_NOERROR is not specified, then the message isn't removed from the queue and the system call fails returning \-1 with @@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ will be set to one among the following values: .B EACCES The calling process does not have write permission on the message queue, and does not have the -.BR CAP_IPC_OWNER +.B CAP_IPC_OWNER capability. .TP .B EAGAIN @@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ isn't specified in .B EACCES The calling process does not have read permission on the message queue, and does not have the -.BR CAP_IPC_OWNER +.B CAP_IPC_OWNER capability. .TP .B EAGAIN diff --git a/man2/msync.2 b/man2/msync.2 index acd5f6bb3c..afd08357f8 100644 --- a/man2/msync.2 +++ b/man2/msync.2 @@ -72,13 +72,13 @@ On error, \-1 is returned, and is set appropriately. .SH ERRORS .TP -.BR EBUSY +.B EBUSY .B MS_INVALIDATE was specified in .IR flags , and a memory lock exists for the specified address range. .TP -.BR EINVAL +.B EINVAL .I start is not a multiple of PAGESIZE; or any bit other than .BR MS_ASYNC " | " MS_INVALIDATE " | " MS_SYNC diff --git a/man2/nanosleep.2 b/man2/nanosleep.2 index 628813be6d..ddb0d984ff 100644 --- a/man2/nanosleep.2 +++ b/man2/nanosleep.2 @@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ In this case, it returns \-1, sets \fIerrno\fP to .BR EINTR , and writes the remaining time into the structure pointed to by -.IR rem +.I rem unless .I rem is NULL. @@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ In Linux 2.4, if is stopped by a signal (e.g., .BR SIGTSTP ), then the call fails with the error -.BR EINTR +.B EINTR after the process is resumed by a .B SIGCONT signal. diff --git a/man2/nice.2 b/man2/nice.2 index cc6ae84fe2..e3249582e0 100644 --- a/man2/nice.2 +++ b/man2/nice.2 @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ is set appropriately. .B EPERM The calling process attempted to increase its priority by supplying a negative -.IR inc +.I inc but has insufficient privileges. Under Linux the .B CAP_SYS_NICE @@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001. However, the Linux and (g)libc (earlier than glibc 2.2.4) return value is nonstandard, see below. SVr4 documents an additional -.BR EINVAL +.B EINVAL error code. .SH NOTES SUSv2 and POSIX.1-2001 specify that diff --git a/man2/open.2 b/man2/open.2 index 1c1a878467..31994d482a 100644 --- a/man2/open.2 +++ b/man2/open.2 @@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ open, creat \- open and possibly create a file or device .fi .SH DESCRIPTION Given a -.IR pathname +.I pathname for a file, .BR open () returns a file descriptor, a small, non-negative integer @@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ Specifying this flag permits a program to avoid an additional .BR fcntl (2) .B F_SETFD operation to set the -.BR FD_CLOEXEC +.B FD_CLOEXEC flag. Additionally, use of this flag is essential in some multithreaded programs @@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ since using a separate .BR fcntl (2) .B F_SETFD operation to set the -.BR FD_CLOEXEC +.B FD_CLOEXEC flag does not suffice to avoid race conditions where one thread opens a file descriptor at the same time as another thread does a @@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ returned will cause the calling process to wait. For the handling of FIFOs (named pipes), see also .BR fifo (7). For a discussion of the effect of -.BR O_NONBLOCK +.B O_NONBLOCK in conjunction with mandatory file locks and with file leases, see .BR fcntl (2). .TP @@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ The argument specifies the permissions to use in case a new file is created. It is modified by the process's -.IR umask +.I umask in the usual way: the permissions of the created file are .IR "(mode & ~umask)" . Note that this mode only applies to future accesses of the @@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ already exists and were used. .TP .B EFAULT -.IR pathname +.I pathname points outside your accessible address space. .TP .B EFBIG @@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ was a symbolic link. The process already has the maximum number of files open. .TP .B ENAMETOOLONG -.IR pathname +.I pathname was too long. .TP .B ENFILE @@ -532,12 +532,12 @@ The .BR O_DIRECTORY , .BR O_NOATIME , and -.BR O_NOFOLLOW +.B O_NOFOLLOW flags are Linux specific. One may have to define the .B _GNU_SOURCE macro to get their definitions. -.BR O_DIRECT +.B O_DIRECT is not specified in POSIX; one has to define .B _GNU_SOURCE to get its definition. diff --git a/man2/openat.2 b/man2/openat.2 index 84f582a3af..6696fd9e4c 100644 --- a/man2/openat.2 +++ b/man2/openat.2 @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ If the pathname given in .I pathname is relative, then it is interpreted relative to the directory referred to by the file descriptor -.IR dirfd +.I dirfd (rather than relative to the current working directory of the calling process, as is done by .BR open (2) @@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ directory of the calling process (like .BR open (2)). If -.IR pathname +.I pathname is absolute, then .I dirfd is ignored. diff --git a/man2/prctl.2 b/man2/prctl.2 index e0cf419aef..2847228eec 100644 --- a/man2/prctl.2 +++ b/man2/prctl.2 @@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ in \fIarg2\fP, which should be one of the following: .BR PR_ENDIAN_BIG , .BR PR_ENDIAN_LITTLE , or -.BR PR_ENDIAN_PPC_LITTLE +.B PR_ENDIAN_PPC_LITTLE (PowerPC pseudo little endian). .TP .B PR_SET_UNALIGN diff --git a/man2/ptrace.2 b/man2/ptrace.2 index 50dd7ee550..a02f1acd4a 100644 --- a/man2/ptrace.2 +++ b/man2/ptrace.2 @@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ be stopped. .TP .BR PTRACE_PEEKTEXT ", " PTRACE_PEEKDATA Reads a word at the location -.IR addr +.I addr in the child's memory, returning the word as the result of the .BR ptrace () call. @@ -140,15 +140,15 @@ architecture. (\fIdata\fP is ignored.) .TP .BR PTRACE_POKETEXT ", " PTRACE_POKEDATA Copies the word -.IR data +.I data to location -.IR addr +.I addr in the child's memory. As above, the two requests are currently equivalent. .TP .B PTRACE_POKEUSR Copies the word -.IR data +.I data to offset .I addr in the child's USER area. @@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ calls in all cases. If the child calls .BR clone (2) with the -.BR CLONE_VFORK +.B CLONE_VFORK flag, .B PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK will be delivered instead @@ -281,11 +281,11 @@ Retrieve a message (as an about the ptrace event that just happened, placing it in the location \fIdata\fP in the parent. For -.BR PTRACE_EVENT_EXIT +.B PTRACE_EVENT_EXIT this is the child's exit status. For .BR PTRACE_EVENT_FORK , -.BR PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK +.B PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK and .B PTRACE_EVENT_CLONE this @@ -380,14 +380,14 @@ tracing. (\fIaddr\fP is ignored.) .SH "RETURN VALUE" On success, -.BR PTRACE_PEEK* +.B PTRACE_PEEK* requests return the requested data, while other requests return zero. On error, all requests return \-1, and .I errno is set appropriately. Since the value returned by a successful -.BR PTRACE_PEEK* +.B PTRACE_PEEK* request may be \-1, the caller must check .I errno after such requests to determine whether or not an error occurred. @@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ when it stops, and there is no way for the new parent to effectively simulate this notification. .LP When the parent receives an event with -.BR PTRACE_EVENT_* +.B PTRACE_EVENT_* set, the child is not in the normal signal delivery path. This means the parent cannot do @@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ with a signal or .BR ptrace (PTRACE_KILL). .BR kill (2) with a -.BR SIGKILL +.B SIGKILL signal can be used instead to kill the child process after receiving one of these messages. .LP @@ -495,13 +495,13 @@ present in Solaris 2 implements a superset of functionality in a more powerful and uniform way. .SH BUGS On hosts with 2.6 kernel headers, -.BR PTRACE_SETOPTIONS +.B PTRACE_SETOPTIONS is declared with a different value than the one for 2.4. This leads to applications compiled with such headers failing when run on 2.4 kernels. This can be worked around by redefining -.BR PTRACE_SETOPTIONS +.B PTRACE_SETOPTIONS to .BR PTRACE_OLDSETOPTIONS , if that is defined. diff --git a/man2/readlinkat.2 b/man2/readlinkat.2 index 6d1654576f..05e7887c4e 100644 --- a/man2/readlinkat.2 +++ b/man2/readlinkat.2 @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ If the pathname given in .I pathname is relative, then it is interpreted relative to the directory referred to by the file descriptor -.IR dirfd +.I dirfd (rather than relative to the current working directory of the calling process, as is done by .BR readlink (2) @@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ directory of the calling process (like .BR readlink (2)). If -.IR pathname +.I pathname is absolute, then .I dirfd is ignored. diff --git a/man2/readv.2 b/man2/readv.2 index 03d37ad6df..398304eaf3 100644 --- a/man2/readv.2 +++ b/man2/readv.2 @@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ function reads buffers from the file associated with the file descriptor .I fd into the buffers described by -.IR iov +.I iov ("scatter input"). .PP The @@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ function writes buffers of data described by .I iov to the file associated with the file descriptor -.IR fd +.I fd ("gather output"). .PP The pointer @@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ the number of items that can be passed in An implementation can advertise its limit by defining .B IOV_MAX in -.IR <limits.h> +.I <limits.h> or at run time via the return value from .IR sysconf(_SC_IOV_MAX) . On Linux, the limit advertised by these mechanisms is 1024, diff --git a/man2/reboot.2 b/man2/reboot.2 index 43564c62b7..e090a6ffb6 100644 --- a/man2/reboot.2 +++ b/man2/reboot.2 @@ -59,20 +59,20 @@ This system call will fail (with unless .I magic equals -.BR LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC1 +.B LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC1 (that is, 0xfee1dead) and .I magic2 equals -.BR LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC2 +.B LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC2 (that is, 672274793). However, since 2.1.17 also -.BR LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC2A +.B LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC2A (that is, 85072278) and since 2.1.97 also -.BR LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC2B +.B LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC2B (that is, 369367448) and since 2.5.71 also -.BR LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC2C +.B LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC2C (that is, 537993216) are permitted as value for .IR magic2 . diff --git a/man2/recv.2 b/man2/recv.2 index bf387d1fa4..ae7f9b52eb 100644 --- a/man2/recv.2 +++ b/man2/recv.2 @@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ one or more of the following values: .BR MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC " (" recvmsg "() only; since Linux 2.6.23)" Set the close-on-exec flag for the file descriptor received via a Unix domain file descriptor using the -.BR SCM_RIGHTS +.B SCM_RIGHTS operation (described in .BR unix (7)). This flag is useful for the same reasons as the diff --git a/man2/rename.2 b/man2/rename.2 index 4aefe0e031..97e94618be 100644 --- a/man2/rename.2 +++ b/man2/rename.2 @@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ it was open for reading) or is in use by the system (for example as mount point), while the system considers this an error. (Note that there is no requirement to return -.BR EBUSY +.B EBUSY in such cases \(em there is nothing wrong with doing the rename anyway \(em but it is allowed to return @@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ is a directory, and exists but is not a directory. .TP .BR ENOTEMPTY " or " EEXIST -.IR newpath +.I newpath is a non-empty directory, that is, contains entries other than "." and "..". .TP .BR EPERM " or " EACCES @@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ and the process is not privileged .B CAP_FOWNER capability); or the filesystem containing -.IR pathname +.I pathname does not support renaming of the type requested. .TP .B EROFS diff --git a/man2/renameat.2 b/man2/renameat.2 index e85d76e58f..deaf90d5b5 100644 --- a/man2/renameat.2 +++ b/man2/renameat.2 @@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ If the pathname given in .I oldpath is relative, then it is interpreted relative to the directory referred to by the file descriptor -.IR olddirfd +.I olddirfd (rather than relative to the current working directory of the calling process, as is done by .BR rename (2) @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ directory of the calling process (like .BR rename (2)). If -.IR oldpath +.I oldpath is absolute, then .I olddirfd is ignored. @@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ is a file descriptor referring to a file other than a directory; or similar for .I newpath and -.IR newdirfd +.I newdirfd .SH VERSIONS .BR renameat () was added to Linux in kernel 2.6.16. diff --git a/man2/rmdir.2 b/man2/rmdir.2 index 6a4ea0f697..97c8e65874 100644 --- a/man2/rmdir.2 +++ b/man2/rmdir.2 @@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ is set appropriately. Write access to the directory containing .I pathname was not allowed, or one of the directories in the path prefix of -.IR pathname +.I pathname did not allow search permission. (See also .BR path_resolution (7). @@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ contains entries other than or, .I pathname has -.IR .. +.I .. as its final component. .TP .B EPERM @@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ capability). .TP .B EPERM The filesystem containing -.IR pathname +.I pathname does not support the removal of directories. .TP .B EROFS diff --git a/man2/sched_setaffinity.2 b/man2/sched_setaffinity.2 index 5d947dbab2..db4802b7a9 100644 --- a/man2/sched_setaffinity.2 +++ b/man2/sched_setaffinity.2 @@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ number that can be stored in a CPU set. .BR sched_setaffinity () sets the CPU affinity mask of the process whose ID is -.IR pid +.I pid to the value specified by .IR mask . If @@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ then that process is migrated to one of the CPUs specified in .BR sched_getaffinity () writes the affinity mask of the process whose ID is -.IR pid +.I pid into the .I cpu_set_t structure pointed to by @@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ needs an effective user ID equal to the user ID or effective user ID of the process identified by .IR pid , or it must possess the -.BR CAP_SYS_NICE +.B CAP_SYS_NICE capability. .TP .B ESRCH diff --git a/man2/sched_setscheduler.2 b/man2/sched_setscheduler.2 index a62577a70e..578c909e10 100644 --- a/man2/sched_setscheduler.2 +++ b/man2/sched_setscheduler.2 @@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ resource limit defines a ceiling on an unprivileged process's priority for the .B SCHED_RR and -.BR SCHED_FIFO +.B SCHED_FIFO policies. If an unprivileged process has a non-zero .B RLIMIT_RTPRIO @@ -369,13 +369,13 @@ kernel, the kernel configuration offers only the three preemption classes .BR CONFIG_PREEMPT_NONE , .BR CONFIG_PREEMPT_VOLUNTARY , and -.BR CONFIG_PREEMPT_DESKTOP +.B CONFIG_PREEMPT_DESKTOP which respectively provide no, some, and considerable reduction of the worst-case scheduling latency. With the patches applied or after their full inclusion into the mainline kernel, the additional configuration item -.BR CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT +.B CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT becomes available. If this is selected, Linux is transformed into a regular real-time operating system. diff --git a/man2/semctl.2 b/man2/semctl.2 index 235055faee..3d30c15fd2 100644 --- a/man2/semctl.2 +++ b/man2/semctl.2 @@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ This structure is of type defined in .I <sys/sem.h> if the -.BR _GNU_SOURCE +.B _GNU_SOURCE feature test macro is defined: .nf .in +2n @@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ the semaphore set. Set the value of .B semval to -.IB arg.val +.I arg.val for the .IR semnum \-th semaphore of the set, updating also the @@ -408,9 +408,9 @@ capability. .TP .B EFAULT The address pointed to by -.IB arg.buf +.I arg.buf or -.IB arg.array +.I arg.array isn't accessible. .TP .B EIDRM @@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ SVr4, POSIX.1-2001. .SH NOTES The .BR IPC_INFO , -.BR SEM_STAT +.B SEM_STAT and .B SEM_INFO operations are used by the @@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ under Linux 2.4. To take advantage of this, a recompilation under glibc-2.1.91 or later should suffice. (The kernel distinguishes old and new calls by an -.BR IPC_64 +.B IPC_64 flag in .IR cmd .) .PP diff --git a/man2/semget.2 b/man2/semget.2 index ef5ca741a6..0068f6c407 100644 --- a/man2/semget.2 +++ b/man2/semget.2 @@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ A semaphore set exists for .IR key , but the calling process does not have permission to access the set, and does not have the -.BR CAP_IPC_OWNER +.B CAP_IPC_OWNER capability. .TP .B EEXIST @@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ and .\" The semaphore set is marked to be deleted. .TP .B EINVAL -.IR nsems +.I nsems is less than 0 or greater than the limit on the number of semaphores per semaphore set .RB ( SEMMSL ), diff --git a/man2/semop.2 b/man2/semop.2 index d9435654c7..2cefb68cb5 100644 --- a/man2/semop.2 +++ b/man2/semop.2 @@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ capability. .TP .B EAGAIN An operation could not proceed immediately and either -.BR IPC_NOWAIT +.B IPC_NOWAIT was specified in .I sem_flg or the time limit specified in diff --git a/man2/set_mempolicy.2 b/man2/set_mempolicy.2 index 0c317c448d..b08f5d3c0c 100644 --- a/man2/set_mempolicy.2 +++ b/man2/set_mempolicy.2 @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ to the values specified by the .IR mode , .I nodemask and -.IR maxnode +.I maxnode arguments. A NUMA machine has different diff --git a/man2/setpgid.2 b/man2/setpgid.2 index 0f48ac713d..17685c35f0 100644 --- a/man2/setpgid.2 +++ b/man2/setpgid.2 @@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ from the terminal; if a background process group tries to .BR read (2) from the terminal, then the group is send a -.BR SIGTSTP +.B SIGTSTP signal, which suspends it. The .BR tcgetpgrp (3) diff --git a/man2/setresuid.2 b/man2/setresuid.2 index bd00a5017f..1ee09344db 100644 --- a/man2/setresuid.2 +++ b/man2/setresuid.2 @@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ is set appropriately. .I uid does not match the current UID and this call would bring that user ID over its -.BR RLIMIT_NPROC +.B RLIMIT_NPROC resource limit. .TP .B EPERM diff --git a/man2/setuid.2 b/man2/setuid.2 index cf6927d9b4..d34d7c0abf 100644 --- a/man2/setuid.2 +++ b/man2/setuid.2 @@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ The does not match the current uid and .I uid brings process over its -.BR RLIMIT_NPROC +.B RLIMIT_NPROC resource limit. .TP .B EPERM diff --git a/man2/setxattr.2 b/man2/setxattr.2 index 026817eb1d..6ae62f4376 100644 --- a/man2/setxattr.2 +++ b/man2/setxattr.2 @@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ If there is insufficient space remaining to store the extended attribute, is set to either .BR ENOSPC , or -.BR EDQUOT +.B EDQUOT if quota enforcement was the cause. .PP If extended attributes are not supported by the filesystem, or are disabled, diff --git a/man2/sgetmask.2 b/man2/sgetmask.2 index 9336b2770e..717251b37d 100644 --- a/man2/sgetmask.2 +++ b/man2/sgetmask.2 @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ .SH NAME sgetmask, ssetmask \- manipulation of signal mask (obsolete) .SH SYNOPSIS -.BI "long sgetmask(void);" +.B "long sgetmask(void);" .sp .BI "long ssetmask(long " newmask ); .SH DESCRIPTION diff --git a/man2/shmctl.2 b/man2/shmctl.2 index 1172afda1c..364fc8252e 100644 --- a/man2/shmctl.2 +++ b/man2/shmctl.2 @@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ Returns information about system-wide shared memory limits and parameters in the structure pointed to by .IR buf . This structure is of type -.IR shminfo +.I shminfo (thus, a cast is required), defined in .I <sys/shm.h> @@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ Prevent swapping of the shared memory segment. The caller must fault in any pages that are required to be present after locking is enabled. If a segment has been locked, then the (non-standard) -.BR SHM_LOCKED +.B SHM_LOCKED flag of the .I shm_perm.mode field in the associated data structure retrieved by @@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ if its effective UID matches the owner or creator UID of the segment, and (for .BR SHM_LOCK ) the amount of memory to be locked falls within the -.BR RLIMIT_MEMLOCK +.B RLIMIT_MEMLOCK resource limit (see .BR setrlimit (2)). .\" There was some weirdness in 2.6.9: SHM_LOCK and SHM_UNLOCK could @@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ is set appropriately. \fIshm_perm.mode\fP does not allow read access for .IR shmid , and the calling process does not have the -.BR CAP_IPC_OWNER +.B CAP_IPC_OWNER capability. .TP .B EFAULT @@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ was specified and the size of the to-be-locked segment would mean that the total bytes in locked shared memory segments would exceed the limit for the real user ID of the calling process. This limit is defined by the -.BR RLIMIT_MEMLOCK +.B RLIMIT_MEMLOCK soft resource limit (see .BR setrlimit (2)). .TP @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ was specified, but the process was not privileged .B CAP_IPC_LOCK capability). (Since Linux 2.6.9, this error can also occur if the -.BR RLIMIT_MEMLOCK +.B RLIMIT_MEMLOCK is 0 and the caller is not privileged.) .SH "CONFORMING TO" SVr4, POSIX.1-2001. @@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ SVr4, POSIX.1-2001. .SH NOTES The .BR IPC_INFO , -.BR SHM_STAT +.B SHM_STAT and .B SHM_INFO operations are used by the diff --git a/man2/shmget.2 b/man2/shmget.2 index bb13abe1a4..d18cfcd281 100644 --- a/man2/shmget.2 +++ b/man2/shmget.2 @@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ or isn't .BR IPC_PRIVATE , no shared memory segment corresponding to -.IR key +.I key exists, and .B IPC_CREAT is specified in @@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ number of shared memory segments .RB ( SHMSEG ). .SS Linux Notes Until version 2.3.30 Linux would return -.BR EIDRM +.B EIDRM for a .BR shmget () on a shared memory segment scheduled for deletion. diff --git a/man2/sigaction.2 b/man2/sigaction.2 index 2b827c050f..dea88862e1 100644 --- a/man2/sigaction.2 +++ b/man2/sigaction.2 @@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ has been called. .B SA_ONESHOT is an obsolete, non-standard synonym for this flag. .TP -.BR SA_ONSTACK +.B SA_ONSTACK Call the signal handler on an alternate signal stack provided by .BR sigaltstack (2). If an alternate stack is not available, the default stack will be used. @@ -491,7 +491,7 @@ ignores a .BR SIGFPE , .BR SIGILL , or -.BR SIGSEGV +.B SIGSEGV signal that was not generated by .BR kill (2) or diff --git a/man2/signal.2 b/man2/signal.2 index 278c2dba0b..04f2355ca9 100644 --- a/man2/signal.2 +++ b/man2/signal.2 @@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ See \fIPortability\fP below. .BR signal () sets the disposition of the signal -.IR signum +.I signum to .IR handler , which is either diff --git a/man2/sigpending.2 b/man2/sigpending.2 index db9114b762..c73d4e9d58 100644 --- a/man2/sigpending.2 +++ b/man2/sigpending.2 @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ returns 0 on success and \-1 on error. .SH ERRORS .TP .B EFAULT -.IR set +.I set points to memory which is not a valid part of the process address space. .SH "CONFORMING TO" POSIX.1-2001. diff --git a/man2/sigprocmask.2 b/man2/sigprocmask.2 index 442e3e5368..3ed519702b 100644 --- a/man2/sigprocmask.2 +++ b/man2/sigprocmask.2 @@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ is NULL, then the signal mask is unchanged (i.e., .I how is ignored), but the current value of the signal mask is nevertheless returned in -.IR oldset +.I oldset (it is not NULL). The use of @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ If .BR SIGFPE , .BR SIGILL , or -.BR SIGSEGV +.B SIGSEGV are generated while they are blocked, the result is undefined, unless the signal was generated by the diff --git a/man2/sigsuspend.2 b/man2/sigsuspend.2 index aaa70182c0..cd954d02ce 100644 --- a/man2/sigsuspend.2 +++ b/man2/sigsuspend.2 @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ signals by calling with the signal mask that was returned by .BR sigprocmask (2) (in the -.IR oldset +.I oldset argument). .PP See diff --git a/man2/socketpair.2 b/man2/socketpair.2 index bd53e13954..15c471bcf8 100644 --- a/man2/socketpair.2 +++ b/man2/socketpair.2 @@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ non-BSD systems supporting clones of the BSD socket layer (including System V variants). .SH NOTES On Linux, the only supported domain for this call is -.BR AF_UNIX +.B AF_UNIX (or synonymously, .BR AF_LOCAL ). (Most implementations have the same restriction.) diff --git a/man2/splice.2 b/man2/splice.2 index 3a97ae9bda..4d14eb85c9 100644 --- a/man2/splice.2 +++ b/man2/splice.2 @@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ must point to a buffer which specifies the starting offset from which bytes will be read from .IR fd_in ; in this case, the current file offset of -.IR fd_in +.I fd_in is not changed. Analogous statements apply for .I out_fd @@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ This makes the splice pipe operations non-blocking, but .BR splice () may nevertheless block because the file descriptors that are spliced to/from may block (unless they have the -.BR O_NONBLOCK +.B O_NONBLOCK flag set). .TP .B SPLICE_F_MORE diff --git a/man2/stat.2 b/man2/stat.2 index 936e1a8a79..de86a451e7 100644 --- a/man2/stat.2 +++ b/man2/stat.2 @@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ field indicates the number of blocks allocated to the file, 512-byte units. when the file has holes.) The -.IR st_blksize +.I st_blksize field gives the "preferred" blocksize for efficient file system I/O. (Writing to a file in smaller chunks may cause an inefficient read-modify-rewrite.) @@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ POSIX does not describe the .BR S_IFDIR , .BR S_IFCHR , .BR S_IFIFO , -.BR S_ISVTX +.B S_ISVTX bits, but instead demands the use of the macros .BR S_ISDIR (), @@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ structure have led to three successive versions of (slot .IR __NR_stat ), and -.IR sys_stat64() +.I sys_stat64() (new in kernel 2.4; slot .IR __NR_stat64 ). The glibc diff --git a/man2/statvfs.2 b/man2/statvfs.2 index 4ffadca278..10b4f4cb65 100644 --- a/man2/statvfs.2 +++ b/man2/statvfs.2 @@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ respectively use the .IR f_frsize , .IR f_frsize , and -.IR f_bsize +.I f_bsize fields of the return value of .IR "statvfs(path,buf)" . .SH "SEE ALSO" diff --git a/man2/symlink.2 b/man2/symlink.2 index b8cc9c1706..3ad4463ff6 100644 --- a/man2/symlink.2 +++ b/man2/symlink.2 @@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ is set appropriately. Write access to the directory containing .I newpath is denied, or one of the directories in the path prefix of -.IR newpath +.I newpath did not allow search permission. (See also .BR path_resolution (7).) @@ -127,12 +127,12 @@ entry. .TP .B ENOTDIR A component used as a directory in -.IR newpath +.I newpath is not, in fact, a directory. .TP .B EPERM The filesystem containing -.IR newpath +.I newpath does not support the creation of symbolic links. .TP .B EROFS diff --git a/man2/symlinkat.2 b/man2/symlinkat.2 index 1b88fb1e7e..6257c92a6c 100644 --- a/man2/symlinkat.2 +++ b/man2/symlinkat.2 @@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ If the pathname given in .I newpath is relative, then it is interpreted relative to the directory referred to by the file descriptor -.IR newdirfd +.I newdirfd (rather than relative to the current working directory of the calling process, as is done by .BR symlink (2) @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ directory of the calling process (like .BR symlink (2)). If -.IR newpath +.I newpath is absolute, then .I newdirfd is ignored. diff --git a/man2/syscalls.2 b/man2/syscalls.2 index d5aa884028..71b7c9e7f0 100644 --- a/man2/syscalls.2 +++ b/man2/syscalls.2 @@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ By now there are three different versions of (slot .IR __NR_stat ), and -.IR sys_stat64() +.I sys_stat64() (slot .IR __NR_stat64 ), with the last being the most current. @@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ Similarly, the defines .IR __NR_oldolduname , .IR __NR_olduname , and -.IR __NR_uname +.I __NR_uname refer to the routines .IR sys_olduname (), .IR sys_uname () @@ -717,7 +717,7 @@ Thus, while other architectures have and .IR sys_mmap () corresponding to -.IR __NR_select +.I __NR_select and .IR __NR_mmap , on i386 one finds @@ -728,7 +728,7 @@ and parameter block) instead. These days passing five parameters is not a problem any more, and there is a -.IR __NR__newselect +.I __NR__newselect .\" (used by libc 6) that corresponds directly to .IR sys_select () diff --git a/man2/times.2 b/man2/times.2 index cc13fe5a04..6a2ba0e38b 100644 --- a/man2/times.2 +++ b/man2/times.2 @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ times \- get process times stores the current process times in the .I "struct tms" that -.IR buf +.I buf points to. The .I struct tms diff --git a/man2/unlink.2 b/man2/unlink.2 index a491c2866a..4f5d749091 100644 --- a/man2/unlink.2 +++ b/man2/unlink.2 @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ Write access to the directory containing .I pathname is not allowed for the process's effective UID, or one of the directories in -.IR pathname +.I pathname did not allow search permission. (See also .BR path_resolution (7).) diff --git a/man2/unlinkat.2 b/man2/unlinkat.2 index 28baf651be..edadc49209 100644 --- a/man2/unlinkat.2 +++ b/man2/unlinkat.2 @@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ If the pathname given in .I pathname is relative, then it is interpreted relative to the directory referred to by the file descriptor -.IR dirfd +.I dirfd (rather than relative to the current working directory of the calling process, as is done by .BR unlink (2) @@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ and .BR rmdir (2)). If the pathname given in -.IR pathname +.I pathname is absolute, then .I dirfd is ignored. diff --git a/man2/wait.2 b/man2/wait.2 index 8eb67c22f3..a0d193f7a8 100644 --- a/man2/wait.2 +++ b/man2/wait.2 @@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ Only use this enclosed in #ifdef WCOREDUMP ... #endif. .BI WIFSTOPPED( status ) returns true if the child process was stopped by delivery of a signal; this is only possible if the call was done using -.BR WUNTRACED +.B WUNTRACED or when the child is being traced (see .BR ptrace (2)). .TP @@ -371,12 +371,12 @@ Each of these calls sets to an appropriate value in the case of an error. .SH ERRORS .TP -.BR ECHILD +.B ECHILD (for .BR wait ()) The calling process does not have any unwaited-for children. .TP -.BR ECHILD +.B ECHILD (for .BR waitpid () or @@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ is set to or the .B SA_NOCLDWAIT flag is set for -.BR SIGCHLD +.B SIGCHLD (see .BR sigaction (2)), then children that terminate do not become zombies and a call to diff --git a/man2/write.2 b/man2/write.2 index 2f3eff5a1a..410f7096b7 100644 --- a/man2/write.2 +++ b/man2/write.2 @@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ write \- write to a file descriptor writes up to .I count bytes from the buffer pointed -.IR buf +.I buf to the file referred to by the file descriptor .IR fd . diff --git a/man3/INFINITY.3 b/man3/INFINITY.3 index 6a479994f4..aa97121492 100644 --- a/man3/INFINITY.3 +++ b/man3/INFINITY.3 @@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ See IEC 60559:1989. The macros .BR HUGE_VAL , .BR HUGE_VALF , -.BR HUGE_VALL +.B HUGE_VALL expand to constants of types \fIdouble\fP, \fIfloat\fP and \fIlong double\fP, respectively, that represent a large positive value, possibly plus infinity. diff --git a/man3/__setfpucw.3 b/man3/__setfpucw.3 index 94de30150e..fd002dd33c 100644 --- a/man3/__setfpucw.3 +++ b/man3/__setfpucw.3 @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ and the floating point environment, like .IR fegetenv , .IR feholdexcept , .IR fesetenv , -.IR feupdateenv +.I feupdateenv and FPU exception handling, like .IR feclearexcept , .IR fegetexceptflag , @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ and _FPU_SETCW macros from .I /usr/include/fpu_control.h can be used. .SH EXAMPLE -.BR __setfpucw(0x1372) +.B __setfpucw(0x1372) Set FPU control word on the i386 architecture to .br @@ -53,4 +53,4 @@ Set FPU control word on the i386 architecture to .SH "SEE ALSO" .BR feclearexcept (3) .br -.IR /usr/include/i386/fpu_control.h +.I /usr/include/i386/fpu_control.h diff --git a/man3/aio_read.3 b/man3/aio_read.3 index c08523bfd3..b773f5aae2 100644 --- a/man3/aio_read.3 +++ b/man3/aio_read.3 @@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ is not a valid file descriptor open for reading. One or more of .IR aio_offset , .IR aio_reqprio , -.IR aio_nbytes +.I aio_nbytes are invalid. .TP .B ENOSYS diff --git a/man3/aio_return.3 b/man3/aio_return.3 index 83d9ebd959..24c293e4a3 100644 --- a/man3/aio_return.3 +++ b/man3/aio_return.3 @@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ the value that would have been returned in case of a synchronous .IR read , .IR write , or -.IR fsync +.I fsync request. Otherwise the return value is undefined. On error, the error value is returned. diff --git a/man3/aio_write.3 b/man3/aio_write.3 index 058e9d744e..4a4a0a0bd5 100644 --- a/man3/aio_write.3 +++ b/man3/aio_write.3 @@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ but the starting position is at or beyond the maximum offset for this file. One or more of .IR aio_offset , .IR aio_reqprio , -.IR aio_nbytes +.I aio_nbytes are invalid. .TP .B ENOSYS diff --git a/man3/argz_add.3 b/man3/argz_add.3 index 3d51b6ee14..45e203ff95 100644 --- a/man3/argz_add.3 +++ b/man3/argz_add.3 @@ -13,52 +13,52 @@ argz_next, argz_replace, argz_stringify \- functions to handle an argz list .sp .B "#include <argz.h>" .sp -.BI "error_t" +.B "error_t" .BI "argz_add(char **" argz ", size_t *" argz_len ", const char *" str ); .sp -.BI "error_t" +.B "error_t" .BI "argz_add_sep(char **" argz ", size_t *" argz_len , .ti 20n .BI "const char *" str ", int " delim ); .sp -.BI "error_t" +.B "error_t" .BI "argz_append(char **" argz ", size_t *" argz_len , .ti 20n .BI "const char *" buf ", size_t " buf_len ); .sp -.BI "size_t" +.B "size_t" .BI "argz_count(const char *" argz ", size_t " argz_len ); .sp -.BI "error_t" +.B "error_t" .BI "argz_create(char * const " argv "[], char **" argz , .ti 20n .BI "size_t *" argz_len ); .sp -.BI "error_t" +.B "error_t" .BI "argz_create_sep(const char *" str ", int " sep ", char **" argz , .ti 20n .BI "size_t *" argz_len ); .sp -.BI "error_t" +.B "error_t" .BI "argz_delete(char **" argz ", size_t *" argz_len ", char *" entry ); .sp -.BI "void" +.B "void" .BI "argz_extract(char *" argz ", size_t " argz_len ", char **" argv ); .sp -.BI "error_t" +.B "error_t" .BI "argz_insert(char **" argz ", size_t *" argz_len ", char *" before , .ti 20n .BI "const char *" entry ); .sp -.BI "char *" +.B "char *" .BI "argz_next(char *" argz ", size_t " argz_len ", const char *" entry ); .sp -.BI "error_t" +.B "error_t" .BI "argz_replace(char **" argz ", size_t *" argz_len ", const char *" str , .ti 20n .BI "const char *" with ", unsigned int *" replace_count ); .sp -.BI "void" +.B "void" .BI "argz_stringify(char *" argz ", size_t " len ", int " sep ); .SH DESCRIPTION These functions are glibc-specific. diff --git a/man3/backtrace.3 b/man3/backtrace.3 index 7601f32c91..9704b259ae 100644 --- a/man3/backtrace.3 +++ b/man3/backtrace.3 @@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ by .BR backtrace_symbols (), and must be freed by the caller. (The strings pointed to by -.IR strings +.I strings need not and should not be freed.) .BR backtrace_symbols_fd () diff --git a/man3/clearenv.3 b/man3/clearenv.3 index 204f9fd8e6..9928afa6e4 100644 --- a/man3/clearenv.3 +++ b/man3/clearenv.3 @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ clearenv \- clear the environment .nf .B #include <stdlib.h> .sp -.BI "int clearenv(void);" +.B "int clearenv(void);" .fi .sp .in -4n diff --git a/man3/confstr.3 b/man3/confstr.3 index c3cd0e23a6..469662594f 100644 --- a/man3/confstr.3 +++ b/man3/confstr.3 @@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ is set to .BR EINVAL . .SH ERRORS .TP -.BR EINVAL +.B EINVAL If the value of .I name is invalid. diff --git a/man3/dlopen.3 b/man3/dlopen.3 index 20828576bd..269e02144e 100644 --- a/man3/dlopen.3 +++ b/man3/dlopen.3 @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ dynamic linking loader .sp .BI "void *dlopen(const char *" filename ", int " flag ); .sp -.BI "char *dlerror(void);" +.B "char *dlerror(void);" .sp .BI "void *dlsym(void *" handle ", const char *" symbol ); .sp @@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ contains a DT_RPATH tag, and does not contain a DT_RUNPATH tag, then the directories listed in the DT_RPATH tag are searched. .IP o If the environment variable -.BR LD_LIBRARY_PATH +.B LD_LIBRARY_PATH is defined to contain a colon-separated list of directories, then these are searched. (As a security measure this variable is ignored for set-user-ID and @@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ contains a DT_RUNPATH tag, then the directories listed in that tag are searched. .IP o The cache file -.IR /etc/ld.so.cache +.I /etc/ld.so.cache (maintained by .BR ldconfig (8)) is checked to see whether it contains an entry for @@ -313,9 +313,9 @@ since the constructor/destructor routines will not be executed .\" void _fini(void) __attribute__((destructor)); .LP Instead, libraries should export routines using the -.BR __attribute__((constructor)) +.B __attribute__((constructor)) and -.BR __attribute__((destructor)) +.B __attribute__((destructor)) function attributes. See the gcc info pages for information on these. Constructor routines are executed before diff --git a/man3/dysize.3 b/man3/dysize.3 index 881034452f..8d42c31128 100644 --- a/man3/dysize.3 +++ b/man3/dysize.3 @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ .SH NAME dysize \- get number of days for a given year .SH SYNOPSIS -.BR "#include <time.h>" +.B "#include <time.h>" .sp .BI "int dysize(int " year ); .sp diff --git a/man3/encrypt.3 b/man3/encrypt.3 index 3d7c816e03..e983c3cbd1 100644 --- a/man3/encrypt.3 +++ b/man3/encrypt.3 @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ encrypt, setkey, encrypt_r, setkey_r \- encrypt 64-bit messages .sp .B #define _GNU_SOURCE .br -.BI "#include <crypt.h>" +.B "#include <crypt.h>" .sp .BI "void setkey_r(const char *" key ", struct crypt_data *" data ); .br @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ Set to zero before calling the above functions. On success, it is unchanged. .TP -.BR ENOSYS +.B ENOSYS The function is not provided. (For example because of former USA export restrictions.) .SH "CONFORMING TO" diff --git a/man3/envz_add.3 b/man3/envz_add.3 index c5eb32bece..290751b301 100644 --- a/man3/envz_add.3 +++ b/man3/envz_add.3 @@ -12,26 +12,26 @@ envz_remove, envz_strip \- environment string support .sp .B "#include <envz.h>" .sp -.BI "error_t" +.B "error_t" .BI "envz_add(char **" envz ", size_t *" envz_len , .ti 16n .BI "const char *" name ", const char *" value ); .sp -.BI "char *" +.B "char *" .BI "envz_entry(const char *" envz ", size_t *" envz_len ", const char *" name ); .sp -.BI "char *" +.B "char *" .BI "envz_get(const char *" envz ", size_t *" envz_len ", const char *" name ); .sp -.BI "error_t" +.B "error_t" .BI "envz_merge(char **" envz ", size_t *" envz_len , .ti 16n .BI "const char *" envz2 ", size_t " envz2_len ", int " override ); .sp -.BI "void" +.B "void" .BI "envz_remove(char **" envz ", size_t *" envz_len ", const char *" name ); .sp -.BI "void" +.B "void" .BI "envz_strip(char **" envz ", size_t *" envz_len ); .SH DESCRIPTION These functions are glibc-specific. diff --git a/man3/errno.3 b/man3/errno.3 index 613e436dd5..6013c923e4 100644 --- a/man3/errno.3 +++ b/man3/errno.3 @@ -79,59 +79,59 @@ indicating that the name is defined by POSIX.1-2001, or .IR C99 , indicating that the name is defined by C99. .TP -.BR E2BIG +.B E2BIG Argument list too long (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EACCES +.B EACCES Permission denied (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EADDRINUSE +.B EADDRINUSE Address already in use (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EADDRNOTAVAIL +.B EADDRNOTAVAIL Address not available (POSIX.1) .\" EADV is only an error on HURD(?) .TP -.BR EAFNOSUPPORT +.B EAFNOSUPPORT Address family not supported (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EAGAIN +.B EAGAIN Resource temporarily unavailable (may be the same value as .BR EWOULDBLOCK ) (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EALREADY +.B EALREADY Connection already in progress (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EBADE +.B EBADE Invalid exchange .TP -.BR EBADF +.B EBADF Bad file descriptor (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EBADFD +.B EBADFD File descriptor in bad state .TP -.BR EBADMSG +.B EBADMSG Bad message (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EBADR +.B EBADR Invalid request descriptor .TP -.BR EBADRQC +.B EBADRQC Invalid request code .TP -.BR EBADSLT +.B EBADSLT Invalid slot .\" EBFONT is defined but appears not to be used by kernel or glibc. .TP -.BR EBUSY +.B EBUSY Device or resource busy (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ECANCELED +.B ECANCELED Operation canceled (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ECHILD +.B ECHILD No child processes (POSIX.1) .TP .B ECHRNG @@ -140,82 +140,82 @@ Channel number out of range .B ECOMM Communication error on send .TP -.BR ECONNABORTED +.B ECONNABORTED Connection aborted (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ECONNREFUSED +.B ECONNREFUSED Connection refused (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ECONNRESET +.B ECONNRESET Connection reset (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EDEADLK +.B EDEADLK Resource deadlock avoided (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EDEADLOCK +.B EDEADLOCK Synonym for .B EDEADLK .TP -.BR EDESTADDRREQ +.B EDESTADDRREQ Destination address required (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EDOM +.B EDOM Mathematics argument out of domain of function (POSIX.1, C99) .\" EDOTDOT is defined but appears to be unused .TP -.BR EDQUOT +.B EDQUOT .\" POSIX just says "Reserved" Disk quota exceeded (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EEXIST +.B EEXIST File exists (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EFAULT +.B EFAULT Bad address (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EFBIG +.B EFBIG File too large (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EHOSTDOWN +.B EHOSTDOWN Host is down .TP -.BR EHOSTUNREACH +.B EHOSTUNREACH Host is unreachable (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EIDRM +.B EIDRM Identifier removed (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EILSEQ +.B EILSEQ Illegal byte sequence (POSIX.1, C99) .TP -.BR EINPROGRESS +.B EINPROGRESS Operation in progress (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EINTR +.B EINTR Interrupted function call (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EINVAL +.B EINVAL Invalid argument (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EIO +.B EIO Input/output error (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EISCONN +.B EISCONN Socket is connected (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EISDIR +.B EISDIR Is a directory (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EISNAM +.B EISNAM Is a named type file .TP -.BR EKEYEXPIRED +.B EKEYEXPIRED Key has expired .TP -.BR EKEYREJECTED +.B EKEYREJECTED Key was rejected by service .TP -.BR EKEYREVOKED +.B EKEYREVOKED Key has been revoked .TP .B EL2HLT @@ -230,143 +230,143 @@ Level 3 halted .B EL3RST Level 3 halted .TP -.BR ELIBACC +.B ELIBACC Cannot access a needed shared library .TP -.BR ELIBBAD +.B ELIBBAD Accessing a corrupted shared library .TP -.BR ELIBMAX +.B ELIBMAX Attempting to link in too many shared libraries .TP -.BR ELIBSCN +.B ELIBSCN lib section in a.out corrupted .TP -.BR ELIBEXEC +.B ELIBEXEC Cannot exec a shared library directly .TP -.BR ELOOP +.B ELOOP Too many levels of symbolic links (POSIX.1) .\" ELNRNG is defined but appears to be unused .TP -.BR EMEDIUMTYPE +.B EMEDIUMTYPE Wrong medium type .TP -.BR EMFILE +.B EMFILE Too many open files (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EMLINK +.B EMLINK Too many links (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EMSGSIZE +.B EMSGSIZE Message too long (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EMULTIHOP +.B EMULTIHOP .\" POSIX says "Reserved" Multihop attempted (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ENAMETOOLONG +.B ENAMETOOLONG Filename too long (POSIX.1) .\" ENAVAIL is defined, but appears not to be used .TP -.BR ENETDOWN +.B ENETDOWN Network is down (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ENETRESET +.B ENETRESET Connection aborted by network (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ENETUNREACH +.B ENETUNREACH Network unreachable (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ENFILE +.B ENFILE Too many open files in system (POSIX.1) .\" ENOANO is defined but appears to be unused. .TP -.BR ENOBUFS +.B ENOBUFS No buffer space available (POSIX.1 (XSI STREAMS option)) .\" ENOCSI is defined but appears to be unused. .TP -.BR ENODATA +.B ENODATA No message is available on the STREAM head read queue (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ENODEV +.B ENODEV No such device (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ENOENT +.B ENOENT No such file or directory (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ENOEXEC +.B ENOEXEC Exec format error (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ENOKEY +.B ENOKEY Required key not available .TP -.BR ENOLCK +.B ENOLCK No locks available (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ENOLINK +.B ENOLINK .\" POSIX says "Reserved" Link has been severed (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ENOMEDIUM +.B ENOMEDIUM No medium found .TP -.BR ENOMEM +.B ENOMEM Not enough space (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ENOMSG +.B ENOMSG No message of the desired type (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ENONET +.B ENONET Machine is not on the network .TP -.BR ENOPKG +.B ENOPKG Package not installed .TP -.BR ENOPROTOOPT +.B ENOPROTOOPT Protocol not available (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ENOSPC +.B ENOSPC No space left on device (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ENOSR +.B ENOSR No STREAM resources (POSIX.1 (XSI STREAMS option)) .TP -.BR ENOSTR +.B ENOSTR Not a STREAM (POSIX.1 (XSI STREAMS option)) .TP -.BR ENOSYS +.B ENOSYS Function not implemented (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ENOTBLK +.B ENOTBLK Block device required .TP -.BR ENOTCONN +.B ENOTCONN The socket is not connected (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ENOTDIR +.B ENOTDIR Not a directory (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ENOTEMPTY +.B ENOTEMPTY Directory not empty (POSIX.1) .\" ENOTNAM is defined but appears to be unused. .TP -.BR ENOTSOCK +.B ENOTSOCK Not a socket (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ENOTSUP +.B ENOTSUP Operation not supported (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ENOTTY +.B ENOTTY Inappropriate I/O control operation (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ENOTUNIQ +.B ENOTUNIQ Name not unique on network .TP -.BR ENXIO +.B ENXIO No such device or address (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EOPNOTSUPP +.B EOPNOTSUPP Operation not supported on socket (POSIX.1) .sp .RB ( ENOTSUP @@ -375,67 +375,67 @@ and have the same value on Linux, but according to POSIX.1 these error values should be distinct.) .TP -.BR EOVERFLOW +.B EOVERFLOW Value too large to be stored in data type (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EPERM +.B EPERM Operation not permitted (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EPFNOSUPPORT +.B EPFNOSUPPORT Protocol family not supported .TP -.BR EPIPE +.B EPIPE Broken pipe (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EPROTO +.B EPROTO Protocol error (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EPROTONOSUPPORT +.B EPROTONOSUPPORT Protocol not supported (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EPROTOTYPE +.B EPROTOTYPE Protocol wrong type for socket (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ERANGE +.B ERANGE Result too large (POSIX.1, C99) .TP -.BR EREMCHG +.B EREMCHG Remote address changed .TP -.BR EREMOTE +.B EREMOTE Object is remote .TP -.BR EREMOTEIO +.B EREMOTEIO Remote I/O error .TP -.BR ERESTART +.B ERESTART Interrupted system call should be restarted .TP -.BR EROFS +.B EROFS Read-only file system (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ESHUTDOWN +.B ESHUTDOWN Cannot send after transport endpoint shutdown .TP -.BR ESPIPE +.B ESPIPE Invalid seek (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR ESOCKTNOSUPPORT +.B ESOCKTNOSUPPORT Socket type not supported .TP -.BR ESRCH +.B ESRCH No such process (POSIX.1) .\" ESRMNT is defined but appears not to be used .TP -.BR ESTALE +.B ESTALE Stale file handle (POSIX.1) .sp This error can occur for NFS and for other file systems .TP -.BR ESTRPIPE +.B ESTRPIPE Streams pipe error .TP -.BR ETIME +.B ETIME Timer expired (POSIX.1 (XSI STREAMS option)) .sp @@ -443,28 +443,28 @@ Timer expired .BR ioctl (2) timeout") .TP -.BR ETIMEDOUT +.B ETIMEDOUT Connection timed out (POSIX.1) .\" ETOOMANYREFS is defined, but appears not to be used. .TP -.BR ETXTBSY +.B ETXTBSY Text file busy (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EUCLEAN +.B EUCLEAN Structure needs cleaning .TP -.BR EUNATCH +.B EUNATCH Protocol driver not attached .TP -.BR EUSERS +.B EUSERS Too many users .TP -.BR EWOULDBLOCK +.B EWOULDBLOCK Operation would block (may be same value as .BR EAGAIN ) (POSIX.1) .TP -.BR EXDEV +.B EXDEV Improper link (POSIX.1) .TP .B EXFULL diff --git a/man3/error.3 b/man3/error.3 index ddf28902d2..d55752dab0 100644 --- a/man3/error.3 +++ b/man3/error.3 @@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ The program name printed by .BR error () is the value of the global variable .BR program_invocation_name (3). -.IR program_invocation_name +.I program_invocation_name initially has the same value as .IR main ()'s .IR argv[0] . diff --git a/man3/exit.3 b/man3/exit.3 index ea06948aed..6329b1a3fe 100644 --- a/man3/exit.3 +++ b/man3/exit.3 @@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ it later calls one of the functions. .LP If the implementation supports the -.BR SIGCHLD +.B SIGCHLD signal, this signal is sent to the parent. If the parent has set diff --git a/man3/fclose.3 b/man3/fclose.3 index e6d96624be..c91bd0e840 100644 --- a/man3/fclose.3 +++ b/man3/fclose.3 @@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ fclose \- close a stream The .BR fclose () function will flush the stream pointed to by -.IR fp +.I fp (writing any buffered output data using .BR fflush (3)) and close the underlying file descriptor. diff --git a/man3/fcloseall.3 b/man3/fcloseall.3 index dbaa618d88..8e43663721 100644 --- a/man3/fcloseall.3 +++ b/man3/fcloseall.3 @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ The standard streams, .IR stdin , .IR stdout , and -.IR stderr +.I stderr are also closed. .SH "RETURN VALUE" This function returns 0 if all files were successfully closed; diff --git a/man3/fenv.3 b/man3/fenv.3 index 4d1c0bd6a6..bcd319f158 100644 --- a/man3/fenv.3 +++ b/man3/fenv.3 @@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ Each of the macros .BR FE_INEXACT , .BR FE_INVALID , .BR FE_OVERFLOW , -.BR FE_UNDERFLOW +.B FE_UNDERFLOW is defined when the implementation supports handling of the corresponding exception, and if so then defines the corresponding bit(s), so that one can call @@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ Each of the macros .BR FE_DOWNWARD , .BR FE_TONEAREST , .BR FE_TOWARDZERO , -.BR FE_UPWARD +.B FE_UPWARD is defined when the implementation supports getting and setting the corresponding rounding direction. .LP @@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ to query the state. .br .BI "int fedisableexcept(int " excepts ); .br -.BI "int fegetexcept(void);" +.B "int fegetexcept(void);" .br .fi .LP diff --git a/man3/fmemopen.3 b/man3/fmemopen.3 index 74e9196ba4..149cb1deb4 100644 --- a/man3/fmemopen.3 +++ b/man3/fmemopen.3 @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ a null byte is written at the end of the buffer if there is space. The caller should ensure that an extra byte is available in the buffer (and that -.IR size +.I size counts that byte) to allow for this. diff --git a/man3/fmtmsg.3 b/man3/fmtmsg.3 index a4c36f565b..b08df4c9a3 100644 --- a/man3/fmtmsg.3 +++ b/man3/fmtmsg.3 @@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ The values .BR MM_NULLLBL , .BR MM_NULLTXT , .BR MM_NULLACT , -.BR MM_NULLTAG +.B MM_NULLTAG are synonyms for .IR "((char *) 0)" , the empty string, and diff --git a/man3/ftw.3 b/man3/ftw.3 index 23bad20214..e3cc1b4f07 100644 --- a/man3/ftw.3 +++ b/man3/ftw.3 @@ -80,17 +80,17 @@ calls .IR sb , and .IR typeflag . -.IR fpath +.I fpath is the pathname of the entry relative to .IR dirpath . -.IR sb +.I sb is a pointer to the -.IR stat +.I stat structure returned by a call to .BR stat (2) for .IR fpath . -.IR typeflag +.I typeflag is an integer that has one of the following values: .TP .B FTW_F @@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ struct FTW { is the offset of the filename (i.e., basename component) in the pathname given in .IR fpath . -.IR level +.I level is the depth of .I fpath in the directory tree, relative to the root of the tree diff --git a/man3/getaddrinfo.3 b/man3/getaddrinfo.3 index 466bdf024d..3abd855514 100644 --- a/man3/getaddrinfo.3 +++ b/man3/getaddrinfo.3 @@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ is NULL the port number will be left uninitialized. If .B AI_NUMERICSERV is specified in -.IR hints.ai_flags +.I hints.ai_flags and .I service is not NULL, then @@ -433,9 +433,9 @@ function is documented in RFC\ 2553. .BR AI_ADDRCONFIG , .BR AI_ALL , and -.BR AI_V4MAPPED +.B AI_V4MAPPED are available since glibc 2.3.3. -.BR AI_NUMERICSERV +.B AI_NUMERICSERV is available since glibc 2.3.4. .SH EXAMPLE .\" getnameinfo.3 refers to this example diff --git a/man3/getcwd.3 b/man3/getcwd.3 index 604d8c2dfc..b96d980e3b 100644 --- a/man3/getcwd.3 +++ b/man3/getcwd.3 @@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ set accordingly, and .I buf on success. The contents of the array pointed to by -.IR buf +.I buf is undefined on error. .SH ERRORS .TP @@ -139,14 +139,14 @@ is undefined on error. Permission to read or search a component of the filename was denied. .TP .B EFAULT -.IR buf +.I buf points to a bad address. .TP .B EINVAL The -.IR size +.I size argument is zero and -.IR buf +.I buf is not a null pointer. .TP .B ENOENT @@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ The current working directory has been unlinked. .TP .B ERANGE The -.IR size +.I size argument is less than the length of the working directory name. You need to allocate a bigger array and try again. .SH "CONFORMING TO" diff --git a/man3/getdate.3 b/man3/getdate.3 index 49778b9fd8..9e53353fa8 100644 --- a/man3/getdate.3 +++ b/man3/getdate.3 @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ getdate, getdate_r \- convert a string to struct tm .sp .BI "struct tm *getdate(const char *" string ); .sp -.BI "extern int getdate_err;" +.B "extern int getdate_err;" .sp .B "#define _GNU_SOURCE" .br diff --git a/man3/getfsent.3 b/man3/getfsent.3 index 1a11006c79..69b7e77d31 100644 --- a/man3/getfsent.3 +++ b/man3/getfsent.3 @@ -28,15 +28,15 @@ getfsent, getfsspec, getfsfile, setfsent, endfsent \- handle fstab entries .SH SYNOPSIS .B #include <fstab.h> .sp -.BI "void endfsent(void);" +.B "void endfsent(void);" .sp -.BI "struct fstab *getfsent(void);" +.B "struct fstab *getfsent(void);" .sp .BI "struct fstab *getfsfile(const char *" mount_point ); .sp .BI "struct fstab *getfsspec(const char *" special_file ); .sp -.BI "int setfsent(void);" +.B "int setfsent(void);" .SH DESCRIPTION These functions read from the file .IR /etc/fstab . diff --git a/man3/gethostbyname.3 b/man3/gethostbyname.3 index 9527969438..816206e334 100644 --- a/man3/gethostbyname.3 +++ b/man3/gethostbyname.3 @@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ gethostent_r \- get network host entry .br .BI "struct hostent *gethostbyname2(const char *" name ", int " af ); .sp -.BI "int gethostent_r(" +.B "int gethostent_r(" .BI " struct hostent *" ret ", char *" buf ", size_t " buflen , .BI " struct hostent **" result ", int *" h_errnop ); .sp diff --git a/man3/getline.3 b/man3/getline.3 index 5681437edc..911632d54f 100644 --- a/man3/getline.3 +++ b/man3/getline.3 @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ The buffer is null-terminated and includes the newline character, if one was found. If -.IR "*lineptr" +.I "*lineptr" is NULL, then .BR getline () will allocate a buffer for storing the line, @@ -52,33 +52,33 @@ is ignored.) Alternatively, before calling .BR getline (), -.IR "*lineptr" +.I "*lineptr" can contain a pointer to a .BR malloc (3)\-allocated buffer -.IR "*n" +.I "*n" bytes in size. If the buffer is not large enough to hold the line, .BR getline () resizes it with .BR realloc (3), updating -.IR "*lineptr" +.I "*lineptr" and -.IR "*n" +.I "*n" as necessary. In either case, on a successful call, -.IR "*lineptr" +.I "*lineptr" and -.IR "*n" +.I "*n" will be updated to reflect the buffer address and allocated size respectively. .BR getdelim () works like .BR getline (), except a line delimiter other than newline can be specified as the -.IR delimiter +.I delimiter argument. As with .BR getline (), diff --git a/man3/getnameinfo.3 b/man3/getnameinfo.3 index ae49d540aa..031021f62a 100644 --- a/man3/getnameinfo.3 +++ b/man3/getnameinfo.3 @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ argument is a pointer to a generic socket address structure or .IR sockaddr_in6 ) of size -.IR salen +.I salen that holds the input IP address and port number. The arguments .I host diff --git a/man3/getpass.3 b/man3/getpass.3 index 15aa60e216..adb00653a9 100644 --- a/man3/getpass.3 +++ b/man3/getpass.3 @@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ Libc4 and libc5 have never supported or .BR _SC_PASS_MAX . Glibc2 accepts -.BR _SC_PASS_MAX +.B _SC_PASS_MAX and returns .B BUFSIZ (e.g., 8192). diff --git a/man3/getpwnam.3 b/man3/getpwnam.3 index 4aea9ca187..e59286f947 100644 --- a/man3/getpwnam.3 +++ b/man3/getpwnam.3 @@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ The maximum needed size for can be found using .BR sysconf (3) with the -.BR _SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX +.B _SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX parameter. .SH "RETURN VALUE" The diff --git a/man3/gets.3 b/man3/gets.3 index 8c99b8bf60..3a8e1c3a7e 100644 --- a/man3/gets.3 +++ b/man3/gets.3 @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ fgetc, fgets, getc, getchar, gets, ungetc \- input of characters and strings .br .BI "int getc(FILE *" stream ); .br -.BI "int getchar(void);" +.B "int getchar(void);" .br .BI "char *gets(char *" "s" ); .br diff --git a/man3/getwchar.3 b/man3/getwchar.3 index ae2e6bf6c1..aa4459fcaf 100644 --- a/man3/getwchar.3 +++ b/man3/getwchar.3 @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ getwchar \- read a wide character from standard input .nf .B #include <wchar.h> .sp -.BI "wint_t getwchar(void);" +.B "wint_t getwchar(void);" .fi .SH DESCRIPTION The diff --git a/man3/glob.3 b/man3/glob.3 index e315388056..3b2da15b1f 100644 --- a/man3/glob.3 +++ b/man3/glob.3 @@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ The structure elements and .I gl_offs are declared as -.IR size_t +.I size_t in glibc 2.1, as they should according to POSIX.2, but are declared as .I int diff --git a/man3/gsignal.3 b/man3/gsignal.3 index 2720da20ef..5e7762f80f 100644 --- a/man3/gsignal.3 +++ b/man3/gsignal.3 @@ -74,12 +74,12 @@ specified for .IR signum , then it does nothing and returns 0. If the action -.BR SIG_IGN +.B SIG_IGN was specified for .IR signum , then it does nothing and returns 1. Otherwise, it resets the action to -.BR SIG_DFL +.B SIG_DFL and calls the action function with parameter .IR signum , diff --git a/man3/hash.3 b/man3/hash.3 index 7b4ad27738..616fb02f79 100644 --- a/man3/hash.3 +++ b/man3/hash.3 @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ hash \- hash database access method .fi .SH DESCRIPTION The routine -.IR dbopen +.I dbopen is the library interface to database files. One of the supported file formats is hash files. The general description of the database access methods is in diff --git a/man3/inet_ntop.3 b/man3/inet_ntop.3 index 43e4fe3e75..056541c4bc 100644 --- a/man3/inet_ntop.3 +++ b/man3/inet_ntop.3 @@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ was not set to a valid address family, or to .B ENOSPC if the converted address string would exceed the size of -.IR dst +.I dst given by the .I cnt argument. diff --git a/man3/isgreater.3 b/man3/isgreater.3 index e1afca2904..71199c1600 100644 --- a/man3/isgreater.3 +++ b/man3/isgreater.3 @@ -11,17 +11,17 @@ to test a relation .nf .B #include <math.h> .sp -.BI "int isgreater(x,y);" +.B "int isgreater(x,y);" .sp -.BI "int isgreaterequal(x,y);" +.B "int isgreaterequal(x,y);" .sp -.BI "int isless(x,y);" +.B "int isless(x,y);" .sp -.BI "int islessequal(x,y);" +.B "int islessequal(x,y);" .sp -.BI "int islessgreater(x,y);" +.B "int islessgreater(x,y);" .sp -.BI "int isunordered(x,y);" +.B "int isunordered(x,y);" .fi .sp Compile with \fI\-std=c99\fP; link with \fI\-lm\fP. diff --git a/man3/key_setsecret.3 b/man3/key_setsecret.3 index 2d6834356a..9da12176ab 100644 --- a/man3/key_setsecret.3 +++ b/man3/key_setsecret.3 @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ key_decryptsession, key_encryptsession, key_setsecret, key_gendes, key_secretkey_is_set \- interfaces to rpc keyserver daemon .SH SYNOPSIS .sp -.BR "#include <rpc/rpc.h>" +.B "#include <rpc/rpc.h>" .sp .BI "int key_decryptsession(const char *" remotename , .BI "des_block *" deskey ); diff --git a/man3/lockf.3 b/man3/lockf.3 index 827e4a50c9..abc2c04615 100644 --- a/man3/lockf.3 +++ b/man3/lockf.3 @@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ Test the lock: return 0 if the specified section is unlocked or locked by this process; return \-1, set .I errno to -.BR EAGAIN +.B EAGAIN .RB ( EACCES on some other systems), if another process holds a lock. diff --git a/man3/malloc.3 b/man3/malloc.3 index 129cba9358..bce1fba9b8 100644 --- a/man3/malloc.3 +++ b/man3/malloc.3 @@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ which must have been returned by a previous call to or .BR realloc (). Otherwise, or if -.IR free(ptr) +.I free(ptr) has already been called before, undefined behavior occurs. If .I ptr @@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ is NULL, it must have been returned by an earlier call to or .BR realloc (). If the area pointed to was moved, a -.IR free(ptr) +.I free(ptr) is done. .SH "RETURN VALUE" For @@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ and to set .I errno to -.BR ENOMEM +.B ENOMEM upon failure. Glibc assumes that this is done (and the glibc versions of these routines do this); if you @@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ include a .BR malloc () implementation which is tunable via environment variables. When -.BR MALLOC_CHECK_ +.B MALLOC_CHECK_ is set, a special (less efficient) implementation is used which is designed to be tolerant against simple errors, such as double calls of @@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ bugs). Not all such errors can be protected against, however, and memory leaks can result. If -.BR MALLOC_CHECK_ +.B MALLOC_CHECK_ is set to 0, any detected heap corruption is silently ignored; if set to 1, a diagnostic message is printed on \fIstderr\fP; if set to 2, diff --git a/man3/malloc_hook.3 b/man3/malloc_hook.3 index 2bd4386daf..55076d1487 100644 --- a/man3/malloc_hook.3 +++ b/man3/malloc_hook.3 @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ __memalign_hook, __free_hook, __realloc_hook, __after_morecore_hook \- malloc debugging variables .SH SYNOPSIS .sp -.BR "#include <malloc.h>" +.B "#include <malloc.h>" .sp .BI "void *(*__malloc_hook)(size_t " size , .BI "const void *" caller ); @@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ __after_morecore_hook \- malloc debugging variables .BI "void (*__free_hook)(void *" ptr , .BI "const void *" caller ); .sp -.BI "void (*__malloc_initialize_hook)(void);" +.B "void (*__malloc_initialize_hook)(void);" .sp -.BI "void (*__after_morecore_hook)(void);" +.B "void (*__after_morecore_hook)(void);" .SH DESCRIPTION The GNU C library lets you modify the behavior of .BR malloc (3), @@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ The four functions pointed to by .BR __malloc_hook , .BR __realloc_hook , .BR __memalign_hook , -.BR __free_hook +.B __free_hook have a prototype like the functions .BR malloc (3), .BR realloc (3), diff --git a/man3/mbsnrtowcs.3 b/man3/mbsnrtowcs.3 index 9e379f6406..4e6dbea3f0 100644 --- a/man3/mbsnrtowcs.3 +++ b/man3/mbsnrtowcs.3 @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ The shift state \fI*ps\fP is updated. The conversion is effectively performed by repeatedly calling -.IR "mbrtowc(dest, *src, n, ps)" +.I "mbrtowc(dest, *src, n, ps)" where \fIn\fP is some positive number, as long as this call succeeds, and then incrementing \fIdest\fP by one and \fI*src\fP by the number of bytes consumed. diff --git a/man3/mbsrtowcs.3 b/man3/mbsrtowcs.3 index 9c88ec8c8e..e3d9a69748 100644 --- a/man3/mbsrtowcs.3 +++ b/man3/mbsrtowcs.3 @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ The shift state \fI*ps\fP is updated. The conversion is effectively performed by repeatedly calling -.IR "mbrtowc(dest, *src, n, ps)" +.I "mbrtowc(dest, *src, n, ps)" where \fIn\fP is some positive number, as long as this call succeeds, and then incrementing \fIdest\fP by one and \fI*src\fP by the number of bytes consumed. diff --git a/man3/mkdtemp.3 b/man3/mkdtemp.3 index 8620d1431a..974cdbbf4f 100644 --- a/man3/mkdtemp.3 +++ b/man3/mkdtemp.3 @@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ The .BR mkdtemp () function returns a pointer to the modified template string on success, and NULL on failure, in which case -.IR errno +.I errno is set appropriately. .SH ERRORS .TP diff --git a/man3/mkfifoat.3 b/man3/mkfifoat.3 index 914a01e0f4..0f7841d809 100644 --- a/man3/mkfifoat.3 +++ b/man3/mkfifoat.3 @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ If the pathname given in .I pathname is relative, then it is interpreted relative to the directory referred to by the file descriptor -.IR dirfd +.I dirfd (rather than relative to the current working directory of the calling process, as is done by .BR mkfifo (3) @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ directory of the calling process (like .BR mkfifo (3)). If -.IR pathname +.I pathname is absolute, then .I dirfd is ignored. diff --git a/man3/mpool.3 b/man3/mpool.3 index a867899915..a4c418738b 100644 --- a/man3/mpool.3 +++ b/man3/mpool.3 @@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ mpool_close (MPOOL *mp); .ft R .fi .SH DESCRIPTION -.IR Mpool +.I Mpool is the library interface intended to provide page oriented buffer management of files. The buffers may be shared between processes. diff --git a/man3/mq_notify.3 b/man3/mq_notify.3 index 943a82f761..a6117277a1 100644 --- a/man3/mq_notify.3 +++ b/man3/mq_notify.3 @@ -114,10 +114,10 @@ Deliver notification by invoking .I notification->sigev_thread_function as the start function of a new thread. The function is invoked with -.IR notification->sigev_value +.I notification->sigev_value as its sole argument. If -.IR notification->sigev_notify_attributes +.I notification->sigev_notify_attributes is not NULL, then it should point to a .I pthread_attr_t structure that defines attributes for the thread. diff --git a/man3/mq_open.3 b/man3/mq_open.3 index b6a82b27bf..e6b5681c6d 100644 --- a/man3/mq_open.3 +++ b/man3/mq_open.3 @@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ The process already has the maximum number of files and message queues open. .TP .B ENAMETOOLONG -.IR name +.I name was too long. .TP .B ENFILE diff --git a/man3/mq_receive.3 b/man3/mq_receive.3 index 17bb9feba7..a09e5bad59 100644 --- a/man3/mq_receive.3 +++ b/man3/mq_receive.3 @@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ was less than zero, or because was less than zero or greater than 1000 million. .TP .B EMSGSIZE -.IR msg_len +.I msg_len was less than the .I mq_msgsize attribute of the message queue. diff --git a/man3/mq_send.3 b/man3/mq_send.3 index a9266a99a1..5fe5425e23 100644 --- a/man3/mq_send.3 +++ b/man3/mq_send.3 @@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ Link with \fI\-lrt\fP. .SH DESCRIPTION .BR mq_send () adds the message pointed to by -.IR msg_ptr +.I msg_ptr to the message queue referred to by the descriptor .IR mqdes . The @@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ was less than zero, or because was less than zero or greater than 1000 million. .TP .B EMSGSIZE -.IR msg_len +.I msg_len was greater than the .I mq_msgsize attribute of the message queue. diff --git a/man3/mq_unlink.3 b/man3/mq_unlink.3 index ceeb1002cf..f6e450a3d6 100644 --- a/man3/mq_unlink.3 +++ b/man3/mq_unlink.3 @@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ set to indicate the error. The caller does not have permission to unlink this message queue. .TP .B ENAMETOOLONG -.IR name +.I name was too long. .TP .B ENOENT diff --git a/man3/posix_fallocate.3 b/man3/posix_fallocate.3 index 899938c654..d8f0c38d5f 100644 --- a/man3/posix_fallocate.3 +++ b/man3/posix_fallocate.3 @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ ensures that disk space is allocated for the file referred to by the descriptor .I fd for the bytes in the range starting at -.IR offset +.I offset and continuing for .I len bytes. @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ otherwise the file size is left unchanged. .BR posix_fallocate () returns zero on success, or an error number on failure. Note that -.IR errno +.I errno is not set. .SH "ERRORS" .TP diff --git a/man3/posix_memalign.3 b/man3/posix_memalign.3 index 1f82fc7fda..c0ab29f358 100644 --- a/man3/posix_memalign.3 +++ b/man3/posix_memalign.3 @@ -88,13 +88,13 @@ return the pointer to the allocated memory, or NULL if the request fails. returns zero on success, or one of the error values listed in the next section on failure. Note that -.IR errno +.I errno is not set. .SH "ERRORS" .TP .B EINVAL The -.IR alignment +.I alignment parameter was not a power of two, or was not a multiple of .IR "sizeof(void *)" . .TP @@ -157,11 +157,11 @@ to satisfy this requirement. .BR posix_memalign () verifies that -.IR alignment +.I alignment matches the requirements detailed above. .BR memalign () may not check that the -.IR boundary +.I boundary parameter is correct. POSIX requires that memory obtained from diff --git a/man3/printf.3 b/man3/printf.3 index cb59b00c5a..0a2534bc37 100644 --- a/man3/printf.3 +++ b/man3/printf.3 @@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ The character % is followed by zero or more of the following flags: .B # The value should be converted to an ``alternate form''. For -.BR o +.B o conversions, the first character of the output string is made zero (by prefixing a 0 if it was not zero already). For @@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ Here, `integer conversion' stands for .BR u , .BR x , or -.BR X +.B X conversion. .TP .B hh @@ -479,7 +479,7 @@ conversion corresponds to a pointer to a .I long long int argument. .TP -.BR L +.B L A following .BR a , .BR A , diff --git a/man3/profil.3 b/man3/profil.3 index 790d1c9cd7..5a6a3b82c5 100644 --- a/man3/profil.3 +++ b/man3/profil.3 @@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ Every virtual 10 milliseconds, the user's program counter (PC) is examined: .I offset is subtracted and the result is multiplied by -.IR scale +.I scale and divided by 65536. If the resulting value is less than .IR bufsiz , diff --git a/man3/readdir.3 b/man3/readdir.3 index 8c7105518b..8144829eca 100644 --- a/man3/readdir.3 +++ b/man3/readdir.3 @@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ in POSIX.1 by testing whether the macros .BR _DIRENT_HAVE_D_RECLEN , .BR _DIRENT_HAVE_D_OFF , or -.BR _DIRENT_HAVE_D_TYPE +.B _DIRENT_HAVE_D_TYPE are defined. Other than Linux, the @@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ This is a character device. This is a block device. .PP If the file type could not be determined, the value -.BR DT_UNKNOWN +.B DT_UNKNOWN is returned in .IR d_type . .SH "SEE ALSO" diff --git a/man3/realpath.3 b/man3/realpath.3 index 4f503c2ed7..8313815cdf 100644 --- a/man3/realpath.3 +++ b/man3/realpath.3 @@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ In 4.4BSD and Solaris the limit on the pathname length is .B MAXPATHLEN (found in \fI<sys/param.h>\fP). SUSv2 prescribes -.BR PATH_MAX +.B PATH_MAX and .BR NAME_MAX , as found in \fI<limits.h>\fP or provided by the diff --git a/man3/recno.3 b/man3/recno.3 index 2bf38e757c..57f0507683 100644 --- a/man3/recno.3 +++ b/man3/recno.3 @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ recno \- record number database access method .fi .SH DESCRIPTION The routine -.IR dbopen +.I dbopen is the library interface to database files. One of the supported file formats is record number files. The general description of the database access methods is in diff --git a/man3/regex.3 b/man3/regex.3 index 59e0ca12a4..4a162ba6f9 100644 --- a/man3/regex.3 +++ b/man3/regex.3 @@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ Match-end-of-line operator .RB ( $ ) matches the empty string immediately before a newline, regardless of whether -.IR eflags +.I eflags contains .BR REG_NOTEOL . .SS "POSIX Regex Matching" diff --git a/man3/scanf.3 b/man3/scanf.3 index 2cfa048302..ef7286ec2c 100644 --- a/man3/scanf.3 +++ b/man3/scanf.3 @@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ functions respectively. The .I format string consists of a sequence of -.IR directives +.I directives which describe how to process the sequence of input characters. If processing of a directive fails, no further input is read, and .BR scanf () @@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ argument following .IR format . .SS Conversions The following -.IR "type modifier characters" +.I "type modifier characters" can appear in a conversion specification: .TP .B h @@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ as a pointer to a wide character or wide-character string respectively. Indicates that the conversion will be either .B efg and the next pointer is a pointer to -.IR "long double" +.I "long double" or the conversion will be .B dioux and the next pointer is a pointer to diff --git a/man3/sem_open.3 b/man3/sem_open.3 index 0b30e1fbb4..bdc10f3a16 100644 --- a/man3/sem_open.3 +++ b/man3/sem_open.3 @@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ was greater than The process already has the maximum number of files and open. .TP .B ENAMETOOLONG -.IR name +.I name was too long. .TP .B ENFILE diff --git a/man3/sem_unlink.3 b/man3/sem_unlink.3 index d47a2cc5f5..76aaf6a2b9 100644 --- a/man3/sem_unlink.3 +++ b/man3/sem_unlink.3 @@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ set to indicate the error. The caller does not have permission to unlink this semaphore. .TP .B ENAMETOOLONG -.IR name +.I name was too long. .TP .B ENOENT diff --git a/man3/setaliasent.3 b/man3/setaliasent.3 index 935253fad6..808ad71c14 100644 --- a/man3/setaliasent.3 +++ b/man3/setaliasent.3 @@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ getaliasbyname, getaliasbyname_r \- read an alias entry .SH SYNOPSIS .B #include <aliases.h> .sp -.BI "void setaliasent(void);" +.B "void setaliasent(void);" .sp -.BI "void endaliasent(void);" +.B "void endaliasent(void);" .sp -.BI "struct aliasent *getaliasent(void);" +.B "struct aliasent *getaliasent(void);" .sp .BI "int getaliasent_r(struct aliasent *" result "," .br diff --git a/man3/setlocale.3 b/man3/setlocale.3 index df49934358..373c5342c4 100644 --- a/man3/setlocale.3 +++ b/man3/setlocale.3 @@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ The locale or .B """POSIX""" is a portable locale; its -.BR LC_CTYPE +.B LC_CTYPE part corresponds to the 7-bit ASCII character set. .PP diff --git a/man3/setnetgrent.3 b/man3/setnetgrent.3 index 82f8ed679a..caad2e7af2 100644 --- a/man3/setnetgrent.3 +++ b/man3/setnetgrent.3 @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ handle network group entries .sp .BI "int setnetgrent(const char *" netgroup ); .br -.BI "void endnetgrent(void);" +.B "void endnetgrent(void);" .br .BI "int getnetgrent(char **" host ", char **" user ", char **" domain ); .sp diff --git a/man3/sigset.3 b/man3/sigset.3 index 817fc2c22a..b8dc6a9503 100644 --- a/man3/sigset.3 +++ b/man3/sigset.3 @@ -52,16 +52,16 @@ The argument can be the address of a signal handler function, or one of the following constants: .TP -.BR SIG_DFL +.B SIG_DFL Reset the disposition of .I sig to the default. .TP -.BR SIG_IGN +.B SIG_IGN Ignore .IR sig . .TP -.BR SIG_HOLD +.B SIG_HOLD Add .I sig to the process's signal mask, but leave the disposition of @@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ always returns .BR SIG_HOLD . Instead, it should return the previous disposition of the signal (unless the signal was blocked, in which case -.BR SIG_HOLD +.B SIG_HOLD should be returned). Second, if the signal is currently blocked, then the return value of a successful diff --git a/man3/stdio_ext.3 b/man3/stdio_ext.3 index 738d92d22f..b693eeb43d 100644 --- a/man3/stdio_ext.3 +++ b/man3/stdio_ext.3 @@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ __freading, __fsetlocking, __fwritable, __fwriting, _flushlbf \- interfaces to s .br .BI "int __fsetlocking(FILE *" stream ", int " type ); .br -.BI "void _flushlbf(void);" +.B "void _flushlbf(void);" .br .BI "void __fpurge(FILE *" stream ); .SH DESCRIPTION diff --git a/man3/strerror.3 b/man3/strerror.3 index 85c4e3a325..9bdfa5311a 100644 --- a/man3/strerror.3 +++ b/man3/strerror.3 @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ settings shown in the SYNOPSIS; otherwise the GNU-specific version is provided. If no feature test macros are explicitly defined, then (since glibc 2.4) -.BR _POSIX_SOURCE +.B _POSIX_SOURCE is defined by default with the value 200112L, so that the XSI-compliant version of .BR strerror_r () diff --git a/man3/strfmon.3 b/man3/strfmon.3 index 2bcf49646e..56ca693b43 100644 --- a/man3/strfmon.3 +++ b/man3/strfmon.3 @@ -61,10 +61,10 @@ The + flag indicates that signs should be handled in the default way, that is, amounts are preceded by the locale's sign indication, for example, nothing for positive, "\-" for negative. .TP -.BR ! +.B ! Omit the currency symbol. .TP -.BR \- +.B \- Left justify all fields. The default is right justification. .LP diff --git a/man3/strftime.3 b/man3/strftime.3 index f82ce26144..b0ffb0bd7a 100644 --- a/man3/strftime.3 +++ b/man3/strftime.3 @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ Equivalent to .BR %m/%d/%y . (Yecch \(em for Americans only. Americans should note that in other countries -.BR %d/%m/%y +.B %d/%m/%y is rather common. This means that in international context this format is ambiguous and should not be used.) (SU) diff --git a/man3/strptime.3 b/man3/strptime.3 index 926378f3d9..fd5d1b9baf 100644 --- a/man3/strptime.3 +++ b/man3/strptime.3 @@ -113,10 +113,10 @@ is widely used in Europe. The ISO 8601 standard format is .BR %Y-%m-%d .) .TP -.BR %H +.B %H The hour (0-23). .TP -.BR %I +.B %I The hour on a 12-hour clock (1-12). .TP .B %j @@ -294,9 +294,9 @@ This means that \fBtm\fP should be initialized before the call. Details differ a bit between different Unix systems. The glibc implementation does not touch those fields which are not explicitly specified, except that it recomputes the -.IR tm_wday +.I tm_wday and -.IR tm_yday +.I tm_yday field if any of the year, month, or day elements changed. .PP This function is available since libc 4.6.8. diff --git a/man3/strtol.3 b/man3/strtol.3 index 1768c22d5a..950b76b1f1 100644 --- a/man3/strtol.3 +++ b/man3/strtol.3 @@ -33,10 +33,10 @@ strtol, strtoll, strtoq \- convert a string to a long integer .nf .B #include <stdlib.h> .sp -.BI "long int" +.B "long int" .BI "strtol(const char *" nptr ", char **" endptr ", int " base ); .sp -.BI "long long int" +.B "long long int" .BI "strtoll(const char *" nptr ", char **" endptr ", int " base ); .fi .sp @@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ BSD also has .sp .in +4n .nf -.BI "quad_t" +.B "quad_t" .BI "strtoq(const char *" nptr ", char **" endptr ", int " base ); .sp .in -4n diff --git a/man3/strtoul.3 b/man3/strtoul.3 index ef8b2fedba..04d850b165 100644 --- a/man3/strtoul.3 +++ b/man3/strtoul.3 @@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ strtoul, strtoull, strtouq \- convert a string to an unsigned long integer .nf .B #include <stdlib.h> .sp -.BI "unsigned long int" +.B "unsigned long int" .BI "strtoul(const char *" nptr ", char **" endptr ", int " base ); .sp -.BI "unsigned long long int" +.B "unsigned long long int" .BI "strtoull(const char *" nptr ", char **" endptr ", int " base ); .fi .sp @@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ BSD also has .sp .in +4n .nf -.BI "u_quad_t" +.B "u_quad_t" .BI "strtouq(const char *" nptr ", char **" endptr ", int " base ); .sp .in -4n diff --git a/man3/sysconf.3 b/man3/sysconf.3 index 2ae8069177..3521505af0 100644 --- a/man3/sysconf.3 +++ b/man3/sysconf.3 @@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ Must not be less than .B _POSIX_STREAM_MAX (8). .TP -.BR SYMLOOP_MAX +.B SYMLOOP_MAX The maximum number of symbolic links seen in a pathname before resolution returns .BR ELOOP . @@ -202,13 +202,13 @@ Must not be less than The maximum length of terminal device name, including the terminating null byte. Must not be less than -.BR _POSIX_TTY_NAME_MAX +.B _POSIX_TTY_NAME_MAX (9). .TP .BR TZNAME_MAX " - " _SC_TZNAME_MAX The maximum number of bytes in a timezone name. Must not be less than -.BR _POSIX_TZNAME_MAX +.B _POSIX_TZNAME_MAX (6). .TP .BR _POSIX_VERSION " - " _SC_VERSION diff --git a/man3/syslog.3 b/man3/syslog.3 index cb9a5b2d01..b0d16e4b45 100644 --- a/man3/syslog.3 +++ b/man3/syslog.3 @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ closelog, openlog, syslog, vsyslog \- send messages to the system logger .br .BI "void syslog(int " priority ", const char *" format ", ...);" .br -.BI "void closelog(void);" +.B "void closelog(void);" .sp .B #include <stdarg.h> .sp @@ -252,11 +252,11 @@ are specified in SUSv2 and POSIX.1-2001. POSIX.1-2001 specifies only the .B LOG_USER and -.BR LOG_LOCAL* +.B LOG_LOCAL* values for .IR facility . However, with the exception of -.BR LOG_AUTHPRIV +.B LOG_AUTHPRIV and .BR LOG_FTP , the other diff --git a/man3/tcgetpgrp.3 b/man3/tcgetpgrp.3 index 26b159ed15..6fa38b6f2d 100644 --- a/man3/tcgetpgrp.3 +++ b/man3/tcgetpgrp.3 @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ tcgetpgrp, tcsetpgrp \- get and set terminal foreground process group .SH SYNOPSIS .sp -.BR "#include <unistd.h>" +.B "#include <unistd.h>" .sp .BI "pid_t tcgetpgrp(int " fd ); .sp diff --git a/man3/tcgetsid.3 b/man3/tcgetsid.3 index 56e6679f98..eb85f74fd7 100644 --- a/man3/tcgetsid.3 +++ b/man3/tcgetsid.3 @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ tcgetsid \- get session ID .sp .B #define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500 .br -.BR "#include <termios.h>" +.B "#include <termios.h>" .sp .BI "pid_t tcgetsid(int " fd ); .SH DESCRIPTION diff --git a/man3/tempnam.3 b/man3/tempnam.3 index 5deb96254a..323727bc06 100644 --- a/man3/tempnam.3 +++ b/man3/tempnam.3 @@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ SUSv2 does not mention the use of glibc will use it only when the program is not set-user-ID. On SVr4, the directory used under \fBd)\fP is -.IR /tmp +.I /tmp (and this is what glibc does). .LP Because it dynamically allocates memory used to return the pathname, @@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ up to .IR <stdio.h> ) times. If it is called more than -.BR TMP_MAX +.B TMP_MAX times, the behavior is implementation defined. .LP diff --git a/man3/termios.3 b/man3/termios.3 index 923dd06fe8..83b8ffec0c 100644 --- a/man3/termios.3 +++ b/man3/termios.3 @@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ is set, and then not passed as input. (034, FS, Ctrl-\e) Quit character. Send -.BR SIGQUIT +.B SIGQUIT signal. Recognized when .B ISIG @@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ status request: 024, DC4, Ctrl-T). .LP These symbolic subscript values are all different, except that .BR VTIME , -.BR VMIN +.B VMIN may have the same value as .BR VEOL , .BR VEOF , diff --git a/man3/timeradd.3 b/man3/timeradd.3 index 8bacdf698b..1b43026da3 100644 --- a/man3/timeradd.3 +++ b/man3/timeradd.3 @@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ _BSD_SOURCE The macros are provided to operate on .I timeval structures, defined in -.IR <sys/time.h> +.I <sys/time.h> as: .sp .in +0.5i @@ -99,14 +99,14 @@ on the morning of 1 January 1970 (the Epoch). returns true (non-zero) if either field of the .I timeval structure pointed to by -.IR tvp +.I tvp contains a non-zero value. .BR timercmp () compares the timer values in .I a and -.IR b +.I b using the comparison operator .IR CMP , and returns true (non-zero) or false (0) depending on diff --git a/man3/ttyslot.3 b/man3/ttyslot.3 index 2e3c585d9d..74f37a3ab2 100644 --- a/man3/ttyslot.3 +++ b/man3/ttyslot.3 @@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ determined by using the .BR ttyslot () call to find the number of the line in -.IR /etc/ttys +.I /etc/ttys (counting from 1). .SS "The semantics of ttyslot" Thus, the function diff --git a/man3/unlocked_stdio.3 b/man3/unlocked_stdio.3 index 8ff9a48200..4233d5fc81 100644 --- a/man3/unlocked_stdio.3 +++ b/man3/unlocked_stdio.3 @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ putchar_unlocked \- non-locking stdio functions .B #include <stdio.h> .sp .BI "int getc_unlocked(FILE *" stream ); -.BI "int getchar_unlocked(void);" +.B "int getchar_unlocked(void);" .BI "int putc_unlocked(int " c ", FILE *" stream ); .BI "int putchar_unlocked(int " c ); .sp @@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ putchar_unlocked \- non-locking stdio functions .B #include <wchar.h> .sp .BI "wint_t getwc_unlocked(FILE *" stream ); -.BI "wint_t getwchar_unlocked(void);" +.B "wint_t getwchar_unlocked(void);" .BI "wint_t fgetwc_unlocked(FILE *" stream ); .BI "wint_t fputwc_unlocked(wchar_t " wc ", FILE *" stream ); .BI "wint_t putwc_unlocked(wchar_t " wc ", FILE *" stream ); diff --git a/man4/initrd.4 b/man4/initrd.4 index e55bd4bd43..afe45ac5ac 100644 --- a/man4/initrd.4 +++ b/man4/initrd.4 @@ -99,12 +99,12 @@ is not executed or when .I /linuxrc terminates, the normal root file system is mounted. (If -.IR /linuxrc +.I /linuxrc exits with any file-systems mounted on the initial root file-system, then the behavior of the kernel is .BR UNSPECIFIED "." See the -.BR NOTES +.B NOTES section for the current kernel behavior.) .IP 7. If the normal root file has directory @@ -119,14 +119,14 @@ Otherwise if directory is not unmounted and therefore processes can remain running from .IR /dev/ram0 "." If directory -.IR /initrd +.I /initrd does not exist on the normal root file-system and any processes remain running from .IR /dev/ram0 " when " /linuxrc exits, the behavior of the kernel is .BR UNSPECIFIED "." See the -.BR NOTES +.B NOTES section for the current kernel behavior.) .IP 8. The usual boot sequence (e.g. invocation of @@ -198,10 +198,10 @@ For more information on setting the root file system also see the .BR LILO " and " LOADLIN " documentation." .PP It is also possible for the -.IR /linuxrc +.I /linuxrc executable to change the normal root device. For -.IR /linuxrc +.I /linuxrc to change the normal root device, .IR /proc " must be mounted." After mounting @@ -211,14 +211,14 @@ changes the normal root device by writing into the proc files .IR /proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-name ", and " .IR /proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-addrs "." For a physical root device, the root device is changed by having -.IR /linuxrc +.I /linuxrc write the new root file system device number into .IR /proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev "." For a NFS root file system, the root device is changed by having -.IR /linuxrc +.I /linuxrc write the NFS setting into files .IR /proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-name " and " -.IR /proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-addrs +.I /proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-addrs and then writing 0xff (e.g. the pseudo-NFS-device number) into file .IR /proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev "." For example, the following shell command line would change @@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ the normal root device to .fi For a NFS example, the following shell command lines would change the normal root device to the NFS directory -.IR /var/nfsroot +.I /var/nfsroot on a local networked NFS server with IP number 193.8.232.7 for a system with IP number 193.8.232.7 and named 'idefix': .nf @@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ IP number 193.8.232.7 and named 'idefix': .BR Note : The use of -.IR /proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev +.I /proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev to change the root file system is obsolete. See the kernel source file .I Documentation/initrd.txt @@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ for information on the modern method of changing the root file system. .\" .SS Usage The main motivation for implementing -.BR initrd +.B initrd was to allow for modular kernel configuration at system installation. .PP A possible system installation scenario is as follows: @@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ The loader program boots from floppy or other media with a minimal kernel .IR /dev/initrd " with a gzipped version of the initial file-system. .IP 2. The executable -.IR /linuxrc +.I /linuxrc determines what is needed to (1) mount the normal root file-system (i.e., device type, device drivers, file system) and (2) the distribution media (e.g. CD-ROM, network, tape, ...). @@ -279,11 +279,11 @@ done by asking the user, by auto-probing, or by using a hybrid approach. .IP 3. The executable -.IR /linuxrc +.I /linuxrc loads the necessary modules from the initial root file-system. .IP 4. The executable -.IR /linuxrc +.I /linuxrc creates and populates the root file system. (At this stage the normal root file system does not have to be a completed system yet.) @@ -301,19 +301,19 @@ Now that the file system is accessible and intact, the boot loader can be installed. .IP 8. The boot loader is configured to load into -.IR /dev/initrd +.I /dev/initrd a file system with the set of modules that was used to bring up the system. (e.g. Device -.IR /dev/ram0 +.I /dev/ram0 can be modified, then unmounted, and finally, the image is written from -.IR /dev/ram0 +.I /dev/ram0 to a file.) .IP 9. The system is now bootable and additional installation tasks can be performed. .PP The key role of -.IR /dev/initrd +.I /dev/initrd in the above is to re-use the configuration data during normal system operation without requiring initial kernel selection, a large generic kernel or, recompiling the kernel. @@ -339,15 +339,15 @@ can use a dialog and/or auto-detection followed by a possible sanity check. .PP Last but not least, Linux distributions on CD-ROM may use -.BR initrd +.B initrd for easy installation from the CD-ROM. The distribution can use -.BR LOADLIN +.B LOADLIN to directly load -.IR /dev/initrd +.I /dev/initrd from CD-ROM without the need of any floppies. The distribution could also use a -.BR LILO +.B LILO boot floppy and then bootstrap a bigger ram disk via .IR /dev/initrd " from the CD-ROM." .\" @@ -401,23 +401,23 @@ With the current kernel, any file systems that remain mounted when .IR /dev/ram0 " is moved from " / " to " /initrd continue to be accessible. However, the -.IR /proc/mounts +.I /proc/mounts entries are not updated. .IP 2. With the current kernel, if directory .IR /initrd " does not exist, then " .I /dev/ram0 will NOT be fully unmounted if -.IR /dev/ram0 +.I /dev/ram0 is used by any process or has any file-system mounted on it. If .IR /dev/ram0 " is NOT fully unmounted, " then -.IR /dev/ram0 +.I /dev/ram0 will remain in memory. .IP 3. Users of -.IR /dev/initrd +.I /dev/initrd should not depend on the behavior give in the above notes. The behavior may change in future versions of the Linux kernel. .\" diff --git a/man4/rtc.4 b/man4/rtc.4 index aa407e0e4a..971796de13 100644 --- a/man4/rtc.4 +++ b/man4/rtc.4 @@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ Only the .IR tm_sec , .IR tm_min , and -.IR tm_hour +.I tm_hour fields of this structure are used. .TP .BR RTC_IRQP_READ ", " RTC_IRQP_SET @@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ except that the .IR tm_mday , .IR tm_mon , and -.IR tm_year +.I tm_year fields are also valid. A pointer to this structure should be passed as the third .BR ioctl (2) diff --git a/man4/sk98lin.4 b/man4/sk98lin.4 index d2db892a4b..02c9e83ec0 100644 --- a/man4/sk98lin.4 +++ b/man4/sk98lin.4 @@ -77,21 +77,21 @@ but on the Port A of the second adapter switched OFF, one must enter: After .B sk98lin is bound to one or more adapter cards and the -.IR /proc +.I /proc filesystem is mounted on your system, a dedicated statistics file will be created in folder -.IR /proc/net/sk98lin +.I /proc/net/sk98lin for all ports of the installed network adapter cards. Those files are named -.IR eth[x] +.I eth[x] whereas -.IR x +.I x is the number of the interface that has been assigned to a dedicated port by the system. If loading is finished, any desired IP address can be assigned to the respective -.IR eth[x] +.I eth[x] interface using the .BR ifconfig (8) command. @@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ which can be found on the Internet: .IR VLAN \c : http://www.candelatech.com/~greear/vlan.html .br -.IR Link +.I Link .IR Aggregation \c : http://www.st.rim.or.jp/~yumo @@ -167,11 +167,11 @@ It is only valid for Yukon copper adapters. Possible values are: .IR 10 , .IR 100 , -.IR 1000 +.I 1000 or -.IR Auto +.I Auto whereas -.IR Auto +.I Auto is the default. Usually, the speed is negotiated between the two ports during link establishment. @@ -185,11 +185,11 @@ It is only valid for Yukon copper adapters. Possible values are: .IR 10 , .IR 100 , -.IR 1000 +.I 1000 or -.IR Auto +.I Auto whereas -.IR Auto +.I Auto is the default. Usually, the speed is negotiated between the two ports during link establishment. @@ -200,14 +200,14 @@ a port can be forced to a specific setting with this parameter. Enables or disables the use of autonegotiation of port A of an adapter card. Possible values are: .IR On , -.IR Off +.I Off or -.IR Sense +.I Sense whereas -.IR On +.I On is the default. The -.IR Sense +.I Sense mode automatically detects whether the link partner supports auto-negotiation or not. .TP @@ -215,14 +215,14 @@ auto-negotiation or not. Enables or disables the use of autonegotiation of port B of an adapter card. Possible values are: .IR On , -.IR Off +.I Off or -.IR Sense +.I Sense whereas -.IR On +.I On is the default. The -.IR Sense +.I Sense mode automatically detects whether the link partner supports auto-negotiation or not. .TP @@ -231,11 +231,11 @@ This parameter indicates the duplex mode to be used for port A of an adapter card. Possible values are: .IR Half , -.IR Full +.I Full or -.IR Both +.I Both whereas -.IR Both +.I Both is the default. This parameter is only relevant if AutoNeg_A of port A is not set to .IR Sense . @@ -243,16 +243,16 @@ If AutoNeg_A is set to .IR On , all three values of DupCap_A ( .IR Half , -.IR Full +.I Full or .IR Both ) might be stated. If AutoNeg_A is set to .IR Off , only DupCap_A values -.IR Full +.I Full and -.IR Half +.I Half are allowed. This DupCap_A parameter is useful if your link partner does not support all possible duplex combinations. @@ -262,11 +262,11 @@ This parameter indicates the duplex mode to be used for port B of an adapter card. Possible values are: .IR Half , -.IR Full +.I Full or -.IR Both +.I Both whereas -.IR Both +.I Both is the default. This parameter is only relevant if AutoNeg_B of port B is not set to .IR Sense . @@ -274,16 +274,16 @@ If AutoNeg_B is set to .IR On , all three values of DupCap_B ( .IR Half , -.IR Full +.I Full or .IR Both ) might be stated. If AutoNeg_B is set to .IR Off , only DupCap_B values -.IR Full +.I Full and -.IR Half +.I Half are allowed. This DupCap_B parameter is useful if your link partner does not support all possible duplex combinations. @@ -294,28 +294,28 @@ port reports during auto-negotiation. Possible values are: .IR Sym , .IR SymOrRem , -.IR LocSend +.I LocSend or -.IR None +.I None whereas -.IR SymOrRem +.I SymOrRem is the default. The different modes have the following meaning: .br -.IR Sym +.I Sym = Symmetric both link partners are allowed to send PAUSE frames .br -.IR SymOrRem +.I SymOrRem = SymmetricOrRemote both or only remote partner are allowed to send PAUSE frames .br -.IR LocSend +.I LocSend = LocalSend only local link partner is allowed to send PAUSE frames .br -.IR None +.I None = None no link partner is allowed to send PAUSE frames @@ -328,27 +328,27 @@ port reports during auto-negotiation. Possible values are: .IR Sym , .IR SymOrRem , -.IR LocSend +.I LocSend or -.IR None +.I None whereas -.IR SymOrRem +.I SymOrRem is the default. The different modes have the following meaning: -.IR Sym +.I Sym = Symmetric both link partners are allowed to send PAUSE frames .br -.IR SymOrRem +.I SymOrRem = SymmetricOrRemote both or only remote partner are allowed to send PAUSE frames .br -.IR LocSend +.I LocSend = LocalSend only local link partner is allowed to send PAUSE frames .br -.IR None +.I None = None no link partner is allowed to send PAUSE frames .br @@ -363,11 +363,11 @@ one must take the role of the master (providing timing information), while the other must be the slave. Possible values are: .IR Auto , -.IR Master +.I Master or -.IR Slave +.I Slave whereas -.IR Auto +.I Auto is the default. Usually, the role of a port is negotiated between two ports during link establishment, but if that fails the port A of an adapter card @@ -380,11 +380,11 @@ the role of the master (providing timing information), while the other must be the slave. Possible values are: .IR Auto , -.IR Master +.I Master or -.IR Slave +.I Slave whereas -.IR Auto +.I Auto is the default. Usually, the role of a port is negotiated between two ports during link establishment, but if that fails @@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ ConType | DupCap AutoNeg FlowCtrl Role Speed .ad b Stating any other port parameter together with this -.IR ConType +.I ConType parameter will result in a merged configuration of those settings. This is due to the fact, that the per-port parameters (e.g. @@ -435,32 +435,32 @@ the driver has to serve. That is, one or more interrupts (which indicate any transmit or receive packet to be processed) are queued until the driver processes them. When queued interrupts are to be served, is determined by the -.IR IntsPerSec +.I IntsPerSec parameter, which is explained later below. Possible moderation modes are: .IR None , -.IR Static +.I Static or -.IR Dynamic +.I Dynamic whereas -.IR None +.I None is the default. The different modes have the following meaning: -.IR None +.I None No interrupt moderation is applied on the adapter card. Therefore, each transmit or receive interrupt is served immediately as soon as it appears on the interrupt line of the adapter card. .br -.IR Static +.I Static Interrupt moderation is applied on the adapter card. All transmit and receive interrupts are queued until a complete moderation interval ends. If such a moderation interval ends, all queued interrupts are processed in one big bunch without any delay. The term -.IR Static +.I Static reflects the fact, that interrupt moderation is always enabled, regardless how much network load is currently passing via a particular interface. @@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ In addition, the duration of the moderation interval has a fixed length that never changes while the driver is operational. .br -.IR Dynamic +.I Dynamic Interrupt moderation might be applied on the adapter card, depending on the load of the system. If the driver detects that the system load is too high, @@ -491,7 +491,7 @@ interrupts at dedicated moderation times. .BI IntsPerSec= i,j,... This parameter determines the length of any interrupt moderation interval. Assuming that static interrupt moderation is to be used, an -.IR IntsPerSec +.I IntsPerSec parameter value of 2000 will lead to an interrupt moderation interval of 500 microseconds. Possible values for this parameter are in the range of @@ -515,11 +515,11 @@ A or B (on dual-port network adapters). The preferred port is the one that is used if both ports A and B are detected as fully functional. Possible values are: -.IR A +.I A or -.IR B +.I B whereas -.IR A +.I A is the default. .TP .BI RlmtMode= i,j,... @@ -531,21 +531,21 @@ This parameters states how RLMT should monitor both ports. Possible values are: .IR CheckLinkState , .IR CheckLocalPort , -.IR CheckSeg +.I CheckSeg or -.IR DualNet +.I DualNet whereas -.IR CheckLinkState +.I CheckLinkState is the default. The different modes have the following meaning: -.IR CheckLinkState +.I CheckLinkState Check link state only: RLMT uses the link state reported by the adapter hardware for each individual port to determine whether a port can be used for all network traffic or not. .br -.IR CheckLocalPort +.I CheckLocalPort In this mode, RLMT monitors the network path between the two ports of an adapter by regularly exchanging packets between them. This mode requires a network configuration in which the @@ -553,7 +553,7 @@ two ports are able to "see" each other (i.e., there must not be any router between the ports). .br -.IR CheckSeg +.I CheckSeg Check local port and segmentation: This mode supports the same functions as the CheckLocalPort mode and additionally checks network segmentation between the ports. @@ -562,7 +562,7 @@ switches are installed on the network that have been configured to use the Spanning Tree protocol. .br -.IR DualNet +.I DualNet In this mode, ports A and B are used as separate devices. If you have a dual port adapter, port A will be configured as .IR eth[x] and port B as @@ -572,9 +572,9 @@ The preferred port setting is not used. RLMT is turned off. Note that RLMT modes -.IR CheckLocalPort +.I CheckLocalPort and -.IR CheckLinkState +.I CheckLinkState are designed to operate in configurations where a network path between the ports on one adapter exists. Moreover, they are not designed to work where adapters are @@ -590,9 +590,9 @@ summary of all transmit and receive counters. .I /usr/src/linux/Documentation/network/sk98lin.txt .br This is the -.IR README +.I README file of the -.IR sk98lin +.I sk98lin driver. It contains a detailed installation HOWTO and describes all parameters of the driver. @@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ is usually created as a hard or soft link to the default tape device on the system. .PP Starting from kernel 2.6.2, the driver exports in the sysfs directory -.IR /sys/class/scsi_tape +.I /sys/class/scsi_tape the attached devices and some parameters assigned to the devices. .SS "Data Transfer" The driver supports operation in both fixed-block mode and diff --git a/man4/tty_ioctl.4 b/man4/tty_ioctl.4 index 85a1a96892..60f91e842e 100644 --- a/man4/tty_ioctl.4 +++ b/man4/tty_ioctl.4 @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ tty ioctl \- ioctls for terminals and serial lines .SH SYNOPSIS .sp -.BR "#include <termios.h>" +.B "#include <termios.h>" .sp .BI "int ioctl(int " fd ", int " cmd ", ...);" .SH DESCRIPTION @@ -152,10 +152,10 @@ It treats non-zero as a timeinterval measured in deciseconds, and does nothing when the driver does not support breaks. .TP -.BI "TIOCSBRK void" +.B "TIOCSBRK void" Turn break on, that is, start sending zero bits. .TP -.BI "TIOCCBRK void" +.B "TIOCCBRK void" Turn break off, that is, stop sending zero bits. .SS "Software flow control" .TP @@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ for the argument values Insert the given byte in the input queue. .SS "Redirecting console output" .TP -.BI "TIOCCONS void" +.B "TIOCCONS void" Redirect output that would have gone to .I /dev/console or @@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ unless the caller is root and equals 1, in which case the tty is stolen, and all processes that had it as controlling tty lose it. .TP -.BI TIOCNOTTY void +.B TIOCNOTTY void If the given tty was the controlling tty of the current process, give up this controlling tty. If the process was session leader, @@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ in case the tty is not a master pty and not our controlling tty. Strange. .SS "Exclusive mode" .TP -.BI "TIOCEXCL void" +.B "TIOCEXCL void" Put the tty into exclusive mode. No further .BR open (2) @@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ operations on the terminal are permitted. .BR EBUSY , except for root.) .TP -.BI "TIOCNXCL void" +.B "TIOCNXCL void" Disable exclusive mode. .SS "Line discipline" .TP @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ The BSD ioctls .BR TIOCSTOP , .BR TIOCSTART , .BR TIOCUCNTL , -.BR TIOCREMOTE +.B TIOCREMOTE have not been implemented under Linux. .SS "Modem control" .TP @@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ ioctl, see .BR console_ioctl (4). .SS "Kernel debugging" .sp -.BR "#include <linux/tty.h>" +.B "#include <linux/tty.h>" .TP .BI "TIOCTTYGSTRUCT struct tty_struct *" argp Get the tty_struct corresponding to diff --git a/man5/core.5 b/man5/core.5 index 99f325c3f3..a4da8139c0 100644 --- a/man5/core.5 +++ b/man5/core.5 @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ A list of the signals which cause a process to dump core can be found in .BR signal (7). A process can set its soft -.BR RLIMIT_CORE +.B RLIMIT_CORE resource limit to place an upper limit on the size of the core dump file that will be produced if it receives a "core dump" signal; see .BR getrlimit (2) diff --git a/man5/dir_colors.5 b/man5/dir_colors.5 index bc52812919..740dc272e7 100644 --- a/man5/dir_colors.5 +++ b/man5/dir_colors.5 @@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ To do so, you will have to use the .BR LEFTCODE , .BR RIGHTCODE , and -.BR ENDCODE +.B ENDCODE definitions. .PP When writing out a filename, diff --git a/man5/proc.5 b/man5/proc.5 index 86e4f9d423..b90f9142e2 100644 --- a/man5/proc.5 +++ b/man5/proc.5 @@ -1381,7 +1381,7 @@ valid for 30 seconds. .TP .I /proc/sys/kernel/cap-bound This file holds the value of the kernel -.IR "capability bounding set" +.I "capability bounding set" (expressed as a signed decimal number). This set is ANDed against the capabilities permitted to a process during @@ -1729,7 +1729,7 @@ Values are: In mode 0, calls of .BR mmap (2) with -.BR MAP_NORESERVE +.B MAP_NORESERVE set are not checked, and the default check is very weak, leading to the risk of getting a process "OOM-killed". Under Linux 2.4 any non-zero value implies mode 1. @@ -1768,7 +1768,7 @@ and the amount of time spent in idle process (seconds). This string identifies the kernel version that is currently running. It includes the contents of .IR /proc/sys/kernel/ostype , -.IR /proc/sys/kernel/osrelease +.I /proc/sys/kernel/osrelease and .IR /proc/sys/kernel/version . For example: diff --git a/man7/bootparam.7 b/man7/bootparam.7 index 03391fd0cc..fced96f2fe 100644 --- a/man7/bootparam.7 +++ b/man7/bootparam.7 @@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ then then .IR /bin/init , then -.IR /bin/sh +.I /bin/sh and panic if all of this fails. .TP .B "`nfsaddrs=...'" @@ -591,7 +591,7 @@ level of the debugging messages to any of 16 levels of verbosity. .IP For an extensive discussion of the BusLogic command line parameters, see -.IR /usr/src/linux/drivers/scsi/BusLogic.c +.I /usr/src/linux/drivers/scsi/BusLogic.c (lines 3149-3270 in the kernel version I am looking at). The text below is a very much abbreviated extract. diff --git a/man7/capabilities.7 b/man7/capabilities.7 index a5834bc4c1..b45c8910a3 100644 --- a/man7/capabilities.7 +++ b/man7/capabilities.7 @@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ without this capability these system calls will fail with the error .B ENFILE if this limit is encountered); employ -.BR CLONE_NEWNS +.B CLONE_NEWNS flag with .BR clone (2) and @@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ resource limit to be overridden; .I msg_qbytes limit for a message queue to be raised above the limit in -.IR /proc/sys/kernel/msgmnb +.I /proc/sys/kernel/msgmnb (see .BR msgop (2) and diff --git a/man7/credentials.7 b/man7/credentials.7 index 38aefb40e1..48bd20d5b5 100644 --- a/man7/credentials.7 +++ b/man7/credentials.7 @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ that is assigned when the process is created using A process can obtain its PID using .BR getpid (2). A PID is represented using the type -.IR pid_t +.I pid_t (defined in .IR <sys/types.h> ). @@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ Each process has various associated user and groups IDs. These IDs are integers, respectively represented using the types .I uid_t and -.IR gid_t +.I gid_t (defined in .IR <sys/types.h> ). diff --git a/man7/epoll.7 b/man7/epoll.7 index 5bb767e363..59176baf1a 100644 --- a/man7/epoll.7 +++ b/man7/epoll.7 @@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ the input buffer. In the above example, an event on .I rfd will be generated because of the write done in -.BR 2 +.B 2 and the event is consumed in .BR 3 . Since the read operation done in diff --git a/man7/feature_test_macros.7 b/man7/feature_test_macros.7 index 85a42f7fed..1dc3ff639f 100644 --- a/man7/feature_test_macros.7 +++ b/man7/feature_test_macros.7 @@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ plus the XSI extension) and C99 definitions. .TP .B _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED If this macro is defined, and -.BR _XOPEN_SOURCE +.B _XOPEN_SOURCE is defined, then expose definitions corresponding to the XPG4v2 (SUSv1) UNIX extensions (UNIX 95). This macro is also implicitly defined if @@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ versus .BR lseek (), etc.). New programs should not employ this interface; instead -.IR _FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 +.I _FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 should be employed. .TP .B _FILE_OFFSET_BITS @@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ some situations where standards conflict, unless one or more of .BR _XOPEN_SOURCE , .BR _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED , or -.BR _GNU_SOURCE +.B _GNU_SOURCE is defined, in which case BSD definitions are disfavored. .TP .B _SVID_SOURCE @@ -261,11 +261,11 @@ Defining this macro (with any value) is equivalent to defining .BR _ISOC99_SOURCE , .BR _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED , .BR _POSIX_SOURCE , -.BR _POSIX_C_SOURCE +.B _POSIX_C_SOURCE with the value 200112L (199506L in glibc versions before 2.5), .\" 199309L in glibc versions before 2.1 and -.BR _XOPEN_SOURCE +.B _XOPEN_SOURCE with the value 600 (500 in glibc versions before 2.2). In addition, various GNU-specific extensions are also exposed. Where standards conflict, BSD definitions are disfavored. @@ -347,22 +347,22 @@ If any of .BR _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED , .BR _BSD_SOURCE , or -.BR _SVID_SOURCE +.B _SVID_SOURCE is explicitly defined, then .BR _BSD_SOURCE , and -.BR _SVID_SOURCE +.B _SVID_SOURCE are not defined by default. If -.BR _POSIX_SOURCE +.B _POSIX_SOURCE and -.BR _POSIX_C_SOURCE +.B _POSIX_C_SOURCE are not explicitly defined, and either -.BR __STRICT_ANSI__ +.B __STRICT_ANSI__ is not defined or -.BR _XOPEN_SOURCE +.B _XOPEN_SOURCE is defined with a value of 500 or more, then .RS 6 .IP * 3 @@ -375,18 +375,18 @@ is defined with one of the following values: .IP \(bu 3 2, if -.BR XOPEN_SOURCE +.B XOPEN_SOURCE is defined with a value less than 500; .IP \(bu 199506L, if -.BR XOPEN_SOURCE +.B XOPEN_SOURCE is defined with a value greater than or equal to 500 and less than 600; or .IP \(bu 200112L (199506L in glibc versions before 2.4), if -.BR XOPEN_SOURCE +.B XOPEN_SOURCE is undefined, or is defined with a value greater than or equal to 600. .RE @@ -399,10 +399,10 @@ POSIX.1 specifies .BR _POSIX_SOURCE , and .BR _XOPEN_SOURCE . -.BR _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED +.B _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED was specified by XPG4v2 (aka SUSv1). -.BR _FILE_OFFSET_BITS +.B _FILE_OFFSET_BITS is not specified by any standard, but is employed on some other implementations. @@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ but is employed on some other implementations. .BR _FORTIFY_SOURCE , .BR _REENTRANT , and -.BR _THREAD_SAFE +.B _THREAD_SAFE are Linux (glibc) specific. .SH NOTES .I <features.h> diff --git a/man7/inotify.7 b/man7/inotify.7 index 20a8ea86a2..dd9e881510 100644 --- a/man7/inotify.7 +++ b/man7/inotify.7 @@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ Two additional convenience macros are which equates to IN_MOVED_FROM|IN_MOVED_TO, and -.BR IN_CLOSE +.B IN_CLOSE which equates to IN_CLOSE_WRITE|IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE. .PP @@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ IN_UNMOUNT File system containing watched object was unmounted The following interfaces can be used to limit the amount of kernel memory consumed by inotify: .TP -.IR /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_queued_events +.I /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_queued_events The value in this file is used when an application calls .BR inotify_init (2) to set an upper limit on the number of events that can be @@ -252,11 +252,11 @@ Events in excess of this limit are dropped, but an .B IN_Q_OVERFLOW event is always generated. .TP -.IR /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_instances +.I /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_instances This specifies an upper limit on the number of inotify instances that can be created per real user ID. .TP -.IR /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches +.I /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches This specifies a limit on the number of watches that can be associated with each inotify instance. .SH "VERSIONS" @@ -761,7 +761,7 @@ Enable IP forwarding with a boolean flag. IP forwarding can be also set on a per interface basis. .\" .TP -.BR ip_local_port_range +.B ip_local_port_range Contains two integers that define the default local port range allocated to sockets. Allocation starts with the first number and ends with the second number. diff --git a/man7/man-pages.7 b/man7/man-pages.7 index 6e4dcfb49a..4eb599dda4 100644 --- a/man7/man-pages.7 +++ b/man7/man-pages.7 @@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ The first command in a man page should be a \fBTH\fP command: .RS .sp .B \&.TH -.IR "title section date source manual" +.I "title section date source manual" .sp .RE where: @@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ and .BR pipe (2). .SH EXAMPLE For canonical examples of how man pages in the -.IR man-pages +.I man-pages package should look, see .BR pipe (2) and diff --git a/man7/man.7 b/man7/man.7 index de13dae989..b2bfc23a09 100644 --- a/man7/man.7 +++ b/man7/man.7 @@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ that is, lines that start with \fB.\\"\fP) should be .RS .sp .B \&.TH -.IR "title section date source manual" +.I "title section date source manual" .sp .RE For details of the arguments that should be supplied to the \fBTH\fP @@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ If the tag is provided, it is hung at the left margin before the following indented paragraph (this is just like -.BR \&.TP +.B \&.TP except the tag is included with the command instead of being on the following line). If the tag is too long, the text after the tag will be moved down to the diff --git a/man7/mq_overview.7 b/man7/mq_overview.7 index c6b97fcff3..386f99dcd9 100644 --- a/man7/mq_overview.7 +++ b/man7/mq_overview.7 @@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ of the arrival of a message on a previously empty queue using .BR mq_notify (3). A message queue descriptor is a reference to an -.IR "open message queue description" +.I "open message queue description" (cf. .BR open (2)). After a @@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ The default value for is 256; it can be changed to any value in the range 0 to INT_MAX. .SS Resource limit The -.BR RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE +.B RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE resource limit, which places a limit on the amount of space that can be consumed by all of the message queues belonging to a process's real user ID, is described in diff --git a/man7/netdevice.7 b/man7/netdevice.7 index 4b6f52df4c..de7a721e28 100644 --- a/man7/netdevice.7 +++ b/man7/netdevice.7 @@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ Setting the transmit queue length is a privileged operation. .TP .B SIOCSIFNAME Changes the name of the interface specified in -.IR ifr_name +.I ifr_name to .IR ifr_newname . This is a privileged operation. diff --git a/man7/path_resolution.7 b/man7/path_resolution.7 index 8a868ea02d..803f432465 100644 --- a/man7/path_resolution.7 +++ b/man7/path_resolution.7 @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ A process may get an entirely private namespace in case it \(em or one of its ancestors \(em was started by an invocation of the .BR clone (2) system call that had the -.BR CLONE_NEWNS +.B CLONE_NEWNS flag set.) This handles the '/' part of the pathname. diff --git a/man7/posixoptions.7 b/man7/posixoptions.7 index f5fd56fdfc..436c909203 100644 --- a/man7/posixoptions.7 +++ b/man7/posixoptions.7 @@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ The function is present. .SS "MSG - _POSIX_MESSAGE_PASSING - _SC_MESSAGE_PASSING" The include file -.IR <mqueue.h> +.I <mqueue.h> is present. The functions .br diff --git a/man7/rtnetlink.7 b/man7/rtnetlink.7 index 51a4090917..0071588b87 100644 --- a/man7/rtnetlink.7 +++ b/man7/rtnetlink.7 @@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ are not interpreted by the kernel, they are just for user information. They may be used to tag the source of a routing information or to distinguish between multiple routing daemons. See -.IR <linux/rtnetlink.h> +.I <linux/rtnetlink.h> for the routing daemon identifiers which are already assigned. .I rtm_scope diff --git a/man7/socket.7 b/man7/socket.7 index d8ff715489..b14a8717be 100644 --- a/man7/socket.7 +++ b/man7/socket.7 @@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ is not changeable on Linux .RB ( setsockopt fails with the error .BR ENOPROTOOPT ). -.BR SO_RCVLOWAT +.B SO_RCVLOWAT is changeable only since Linux 2.4. The @@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ system calls currently do not respect the setting on Linux, and mark a socket readable when even a single byte of data is available. A subsequent read from the socket will block until -.BR SO_RCVLOWAT +.B SO_RCVLOWAT bytes are available. .\" See http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=111049368106984&w=2 .\" Tested on kernel 2.6.14 -- mtk, 30 Nov 05 @@ -617,7 +617,7 @@ returns \-1 with set to .BR ENOENT ). .TP -.BR SIOCSPGRP +.B SIOCSPGRP Set the process or process group to send .B SIGIO or @@ -649,7 +649,7 @@ is raised when a new I/O event occurs. Argument is an integer boolean flag. .\" .TP -.BR SIOCGPGRP +.B SIOCGPGRP Get the current process or process group that receives .B SIGIO or @@ -662,12 +662,12 @@ Valid .BR fcntl (2) operations: .TP -.BR FIOGETOWN +.B FIOGETOWN The same as the .B SIOCGPGRP .BR ioctl (2). .TP -.BR FIOSETOWN +.B FIOSETOWN The same as the .B SIOCSPGRP .BR ioctl (2). diff --git a/man7/spufs.7 b/man7/spufs.7 index 1a1209e303..738d3e4ceb 100644 --- a/man7/spufs.7 +++ b/man7/spufs.7 @@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ and or written to (for .IR wbox_stat ) the respective mailbox without blocking or getting an -.BR EAGAIN +.B EAGAIN error. .RE .TP @@ -429,15 +429,15 @@ The signal notification register will either be replaced with the input data or will be updated to the bitwise OR operation of the old value and the input data, depending on the contents of the -.IR signal1_type +.I signal1_type or -.IR signal2_type +.I signal2_type files respectively. .RE .TP .BR /signal1_type ", " /signal2_type These two files change the behavior of the -.IR signal1 +.I signal1 and .I signal2 notification files. diff --git a/man7/standards.7 b/man7/standards.7 index ff59604c1e..9ac929afc6 100644 --- a/man7/standards.7 +++ b/man7/standards.7 @@ -64,14 +64,14 @@ released in 1981. .B System V release 2 (SVr2) This was the next System V release, made in 1985. The SVr2 was formally described in the -.IR "System V Interface Definition version 1" +.I "System V Interface Definition version 1" .RI ( "SVID 1" ) published in 1985. .TP .B System V release 3 (SVr3) This was the successor to SVr2, released in 1986. This release was formally described in the -.IR "System V Interface Definition version 2" +.I "System V Interface Definition version 2" .RI ( "SVID 2" ). .TP .B System V release 4 (SVr4) @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ This version of System V is described in the "Programmer's Reference Manual: Operating System API (Intel processors)" (Prentice-Hall 1992, ISBN 0-13-951294-2) This release was formally described in the -.IR "System V Interface Definition version 3" +.I "System V Interface Definition version 3" .RI ( "SVID 3" ), and is considered the definitive System V release. .TP diff --git a/man7/svipc.7 b/man7/svipc.7 index 90eb3e286a..8cd5770777 100644 --- a/man7/svipc.7 +++ b/man7/svipc.7 @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ In the following, the word means an instantiation of one among such mechanisms. .SS Resource Access Permissions For each resource, the system uses a common structure of type -.IR "struct ipc_perm" +.I "struct ipc_perm" to store information needed in determining permissions to perform an ipc operation. The diff --git a/man7/tcp.7 b/man7/tcp.7 index b450eca372..577e9563e8 100644 --- a/man7/tcp.7 +++ b/man7/tcp.7 @@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ The rest of the space is used as the "application" buffer, used to isolate the network from scheduling and application latencies. The -.IR tcp_adv_win_scale +.I tcp_adv_win_scale default value of 2 implies that the space used for the application buffer is one fourth that of the total. @@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ depending on the memory in the system. If this number is exceeded, the socket is closed and a warning is printed. .TP -.IR tcp_mem +.I tcp_mem This is a vector of 3 integers: [low, pressure, high]. These bounds are used by TCP to track its memory usage. The @@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ if a RST is received in TIME_WAIT state, we close the socket immediately without waiting for the end of the TIME_WAIT period. .TP -.IR tcp_rmem +.I tcp_rmem This is a vector of 3 integers: [min, default, max]. These parameters are used by TCP to regulate receive @@ -560,7 +560,7 @@ windows are desired, applications can increase the size of their socket buffers and the window scaling option will be employed. If -.IR tcp_window_scaling +.I tcp_window_scaling is disabled, TCP will not negotiate the use of window scaling with the other end during connection setup. .\" @@ -592,7 +592,7 @@ account the bandwidth used at the time congestion is experienced. TCP Westwood+ significantly increases fairness with respect to TCP Reno in wired networks and throughput over wireless links. .TP -.IR tcp_wmem +.I tcp_wmem This is a vector of 3 integers: [min, default, max]. These parameters are used by TCP to regulate send buffer sizes. TCP dynamically adjusts the size of the send buffer from the @@ -664,7 +664,7 @@ for which output is corked by If this ceiling is reached, then queued data is automatically transmitted. This option can be combined with -.BR TCP_NODELAY +.B TCP_NODELAY only since Linux 2.5.71. This option should not be used in code intended to be portable. @@ -784,7 +784,7 @@ The correct syntax is: .I ioctl_type is one of the following: .TP -.BR SIOCINQ +.B SIOCINQ Returns the amount of queued unread data in the receive buffer. The socket must not be in LISTEN state, otherwise an error .RB ( EINVAL ) @@ -796,13 +796,13 @@ Returns true (i.e., is non-zero) if the inbound data stream is at the urgent mark. .sp If the -.BR SO_OOBINLINE +.B SO_OOBINLINE socket option is set, and .B SIOCATMARK returns true, then the next read from the socket will return the urgent data. If the -.BR SO_OOBINLINE +.B SO_OOBINLINE socket option is not set, and .B SIOCATMARK returns true, then the diff --git a/man7/time.7 b/man7/time.7 index 2079ce6e96..1436ab562b 100644 --- a/man7/time.7 +++ b/man7/time.7 @@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ Unix systems represent time in seconds since the which is defined as 0:00:00 UTC on the morning of 1 January 1970. A program can determine the -.IR "calendar time" +.I "calendar time" using .BR gettimeofday (2), which returns time (in seconds and microseconds) that have diff --git a/man8/ld.so.8 b/man8/ld.so.8 index 82a8176db8..59d40af637 100644 --- a/man8/ld.so.8 +++ b/man8/ld.so.8 @@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ in which case it is ignored. of the binary if present. .IP o From the cache file -.IR /etc/ld.so.cache +.I /etc/ld.so.cache which contains a compiled list of candidate libraries previously found in the augmented library path. If, however, the binary was linked with @@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ Old versions of ld\-linux.so.1 also supported .B LD_AOUT_PRELOAD (libc5) Version of -.BR LD_PRELOAD +.B LD_PRELOAD for a.out binaries only. Old versions of ld\-linux.so.1 also supported .BR LD_ELF_PRELOAD . diff --git a/man8/ldconfig.8 b/man8/ldconfig.8 index a2f5dbf754..61ad181cbb 100644 --- a/man8/ldconfig.8 +++ b/man8/ldconfig.8 @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ .PD 0 .PP .PD -.BR /sbin/ldconfig +.B /sbin/ldconfig .B \-l [ .B \-v @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ and in the trusted directories and .IR /usr/lib ). The cache is used by the run-time linker, -.IR ld.so +.I ld.so or .IR ld-linux.so . .B ldconfig @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ based on what C libs, if any, the library was linked against. Some existing libs do not contain enough information to allow the deduction of their type. Therefore, the -.IR /etc/ld.so.conf +.I /etc/ld.so.conf file format allows the specification of an expected type. This is .I only |