Improve grammar of options for command arrays in TAP tests

This commit rewrites a good chunk of the command arrays in TAP tests
with a grammar based on the following rules:
- Fat commas are used between option names and their values, making it
clear to both humans and perltidy that values and names are bound
together.  This is particularly useful for the readability of multi-line
command arrays, and there are plenty of them in the TAP tests.  Most of
the test code is updated to use this style.  Some commands used
parenthesis to show the link, or attached values and options in a single
string.  These are updated to use fat commas instead.
- Option names are switched to use their long names, making them more
self-documented.  Based on a suggestion by Andrew Dunstan.
- Add some trailing commas after the last item in multi-line arrays,
which is a common perl style.

Not all the places are taken care of, but this covers a very good chunk
of them.

Author: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier, Peter Smith, Euler Taveira
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/87jzc46d8u.fsf@wibble.ilmari.org

Author: michaelpq

contrib/basebackup_to_shell/t/001_basic.pl

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 # This is only needed on Windows machines that don't use UNIX sockets.
 $node->init(
 	'allows_streaming' => 1,
-	'auth_extra' => [ '--create-role', 'backupuser' ]);
+	'auth_extra' => [ '--create-role' => 'backupuser' ]);
 
 $node->append_conf('postgresql.conf',
 	"shared_preload_libraries = 'basebackup_to_shell'");
@@ -37,15 +37,19 @@
 # to keep test times reasonable. Using @pg_basebackup_defs as the first
 # element of the array passed to IPC::Run interpolate the array (as it is
 # not a reference to an array)...
-my @pg_basebackup_defs = ('pg_basebackup', '--no-sync', '-cfast');
+my @pg_basebackup_defs =
+  ('pg_basebackup', '--no-sync', '--checkpoint' => 'fast');
 
 # This particular test module generally wants to run with -Xfetch, because
 # -Xstream is not supported with a backup target, and with -U backupuser.
-my @pg_basebackup_cmd = (@pg_basebackup_defs, '-U', 'backupuser', '-Xfetch');
+my @pg_basebackup_cmd = (
+	@pg_basebackup_defs,
+	'--username' => 'backupuser',
+	'--wal-method' => 'fetch');
 
 # Can't use this module without setting basebackup_to_shell.command.
 $node->command_fails_like(
-	[ @pg_basebackup_cmd, '--target', 'shell' ],
+	[ @pg_basebackup_cmd, '--target' => 'shell' ],
 	qr/shell command for backup is not configured/,
 	'fails if basebackup_to_shell.command is not set');
 
@@ -64,13 +68,13 @@
 
 # Should work now.
 $node->command_ok(
-	[ @pg_basebackup_cmd, '--target', 'shell' ],
+	[ @pg_basebackup_cmd, '--target' => 'shell' ],
 	'backup with no detail: pg_basebackup');
 verify_backup('', $backup_path, "backup with no detail");
 
 # Should fail with a detail.
 $node->command_fails_like(
-	[ @pg_basebackup_cmd, '--target', 'shell:foo' ],
+	[ @pg_basebackup_cmd, '--target' => 'shell:foo' ],
 	qr/a target detail is not permitted because the configured command does not include %d/,
 	'fails if detail provided without %d');
 
@@ -87,19 +91,19 @@
 
 # Should fail due to lack of permission.
 $node->command_fails_like(
-	[ @pg_basebackup_cmd, '--target', 'shell' ],
+	[ @pg_basebackup_cmd, '--target' => 'shell' ],
 	qr/permission denied to use basebackup_to_shell/,
 	'fails if required_role not granted');
 
 # Should fail due to lack of a detail.
 $node->safe_psql('postgres', 'GRANT trustworthy TO backupuser');
 $node->command_fails_like(
-	[ @pg_basebackup_cmd, '--target', 'shell' ],
+	[ @pg_basebackup_cmd, '--target' => 'shell' ],
 	qr/a target detail is required because the configured command includes %d/,
 	'fails if %d is present and detail not given');
 
 # Should work.
-$node->command_ok([ @pg_basebackup_cmd, '--target', 'shell:bar' ],
+$node->command_ok([ @pg_basebackup_cmd, '--target' => 'shell:bar' ],
 	'backup with detail: pg_basebackup');
 verify_backup('bar.', $backup_path, "backup with detail");
 
@@ -133,9 +137,11 @@ sub verify_backup
 		# Verify.
 		$node->command_ok(
 			[
-				'pg_verifybackup', '-n',
-				'-m', "${backup_dir}/${prefix}backup_manifest",
-				'-e', $extract_path
+				'pg_verifybackup',
+				'--no-parse-wal',
+				'--manifest-path' => "${backup_dir}/${prefix}backup_manifest",
+				'--exit-on-error',
+				$extract_path
 			],
 			"$test_name: backup verifies ok");
 	}

src/bin/initdb/t/001_initdb.pl

@@ -22,21 +22,19 @@
 program_version_ok('initdb');
 program_options_handling_ok('initdb');
 
-command_fails([ 'initdb', '-S', "$tempdir/nonexistent" ],
+command_fails([ 'initdb', '--sync-only', "$tempdir/nonexistent" ],
 	'sync missing data directory');
 
 mkdir $xlogdir;
 mkdir "$xlogdir/lost+found";
-command_fails(
-	[ 'initdb', '-X', $xlogdir, $datadir ],
+command_fails([ 'initdb', '--waldir' => $xlogdir, $datadir ],
 	'existing nonempty xlog directory');
 rmdir "$xlogdir/lost+found";
 command_fails(
-	[ 'initdb', '-X', 'pgxlog', $datadir ],
+	[ 'initdb', '--waldir' => 'pgxlog', $datadir ],
 	'relative xlog directory not allowed');
 
-command_fails(
-	[ 'initdb', '-U', 'pg_test', $datadir ],
+command_fails([ 'initdb', '--username' => 'pg_test', $datadir ],
 	'role names cannot begin with "pg_"');
 
 mkdir $datadir;
@@ -49,12 +47,15 @@
 	local (%ENV) = %ENV;
 	delete $ENV{TZ};
 
-	# while we are here, also exercise -T and -c options
+	# while we are here, also exercise --text-search-config and --set options
 	command_ok(
 		[
-			'initdb', '-N', '-T', 'german', '-c',
-			'default_text_search_config=german',
-			'-X', $xlogdir, $datadir
+			'initdb',
+			'--no-sync',
+			'--text-search-config' => 'german',
+			'--set' => 'default_text_search_config=german',
+			'--waldir' => $xlogdir,
+			$datadir
 		],
 		'successful creation');
 
@@ -75,17 +76,19 @@
 	qr/Data page checksum version:.*1/,
 	'checksums are enabled in control file');
 
-command_ok([ 'initdb', '-S', $datadir ], 'sync only');
+command_ok([ 'initdb', '--sync-only', $datadir ], 'sync only');
 command_fails([ 'initdb', $datadir ], 'existing data directory');
 
 if ($supports_syncfs)
 {
-	command_ok([ 'initdb', '-S', $datadir, '--sync-method', 'syncfs' ],
+	command_ok(
+		[ 'initdb', '--sync-only', $datadir, '--sync-method' => 'syncfs' ],
 		'sync method syncfs');
 }
 else
 {
-	command_fails([ 'initdb', '-S', $datadir, '--sync-method', 'syncfs' ],
+	command_fails(
+		[ 'initdb', '--sync-only', $datadir, '--sync-method' => 'syncfs' ],
 		'sync method syncfs');
 }
 
@@ -126,7 +129,7 @@
 	command_like(
 		[
 			'initdb', '--no-sync',
-			'-A', 'trust',
+			'-A' => 'trust',
 			'--locale-provider=icu', '--locale=und',
 			'--lc-collate=C', '--lc-ctype=C',
 			'--lc-messages=C', '--lc-numeric=C',
@@ -246,7 +249,8 @@
 	],
 	'fails for invalid option combination');
 
-command_fails([ 'initdb', '--no-sync', '--set', 'foo=bar', "$tempdir/dataX" ],
+command_fails(
+	[ 'initdb', '--no-sync', '--set' => 'foo=bar', "$tempdir/dataX" ],
 	'fails for invalid --set option');
 
 # Make sure multiple invocations of -c parameters are added case insensitive
@@ -279,7 +283,7 @@
 # not part of the tests included in pg_checksums to save from
 # the creation of an extra instance.
 command_fails(
-	[ 'pg_checksums', '-D', $datadir_nochecksums ],
+	[ 'pg_checksums', '--pgdata' => $datadir_nochecksums ],
 	"pg_checksums fails with data checksum disabled");
 
 done_testing();