<p>You are given a <strong>positive</strong> integer <code>k</code>. Initially, you have an array <code>nums = [1]</code>.</p>

<p>You can perform <strong>any</strong> of the following operations on the array <strong>any</strong> number of times (<strong>possibly zero</strong>):</p>

<ul>
	<li>Choose any element in the array and <strong>increase</strong> its value by <code>1</code>.</li>
	<li>Duplicate any element in the array and add it to the end of the array.</li>
</ul>

<p>Return <em>the <strong>minimum</strong> number of operations required to make the <strong>sum</strong> of elements of the final array greater than or equal to </em><code>k</code>.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong class="example">Example 1:</strong></p>

<div class="example-block">
<p><strong>Input:</strong> <span class="example-io">k = 11</span></p>

<p><strong>Output:</strong> <span class="example-io">5</span></p>

<p><strong>Explanation:</strong></p>

<p>We can do the following operations on the array <code>nums = [1]</code>:</p>

<ul>
	<li>Increase the element by <code>1</code> three times. The resulting array is <code>nums = [4]</code>.</li>
	<li>Duplicate the element two times. The resulting array is <code>nums = [4,4,4]</code>.</li>
</ul>

<p>The sum of the final array is <code>4 + 4 + 4 = 12</code> which is greater than or equal to <code>k = 11</code>.<br />
The total number of operations performed is <code>3 + 2 = 5</code>.</p>
</div>

<p><strong class="example">Example 2:</strong></p>

<div class="example-block">
<p><strong>Input:</strong> <span class="example-io">k = 1</span></p>

<p><strong>Output:</strong> <span class="example-io">0</span></p>

<p><strong>Explanation:</strong></p>

<p>The sum of the original array is already greater than or equal to <code>1</code>, so no operations are needed.</p>
</div>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>

<ul>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= k &lt;= 10<sup>5</sup></code></li>
</ul>