Fix pg_statio_all_tables view for multiple TOAST indexes.

A TOAST table can normally have only one index, but there are corner
cases where it has more; for example, transiently during REINDEX
CONCURRENTLY.  In such a case, the pg_statio_all_tables view produced
multiple rows for the owning table, one per TOAST index.  Refactor the
view to avoid that, instead summing the stats across all the indexes,
as we do for regular table indexes.

While this has been wrong for a long time, back-patching seems unwise
due to the difficulty of putting a system view change into back
branches.

Andrei Zubkov, tweaked a bit by me

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/acefef4189706971fc475f912c1afdab1c48d627.camel@moonset.ru

Author: tglsfdc

src/backend/catalog/system_views.sql

@@ -727,22 +727,31 @@ CREATE VIEW pg_statio_all_tables AS
             pg_stat_get_blocks_fetched(C.oid) -
                     pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(C.oid) AS heap_blks_read,
             pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(C.oid) AS heap_blks_hit,
-            sum(pg_stat_get_blocks_fetched(I.indexrelid) -
-                    pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(I.indexrelid))::bigint AS idx_blks_read,
-            sum(pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(I.indexrelid))::bigint AS idx_blks_hit,
+            I.idx_blks_read AS idx_blks_read,
+            I.idx_blks_hit AS idx_blks_hit,
             pg_stat_get_blocks_fetched(T.oid) -
                     pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(T.oid) AS toast_blks_read,
             pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(T.oid) AS toast_blks_hit,
-            pg_stat_get_blocks_fetched(X.indexrelid) -
-                    pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(X.indexrelid) AS tidx_blks_read,
-            pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(X.indexrelid) AS tidx_blks_hit
+            X.idx_blks_read AS tidx_blks_read,
+            X.idx_blks_hit AS tidx_blks_hit
     FROM pg_class C LEFT JOIN
-            pg_index I ON C.oid = I.indrelid LEFT JOIN
-            pg_class T ON C.reltoastrelid = T.oid LEFT JOIN
-            pg_index X ON T.oid = X.indrelid
+            pg_class T ON C.reltoastrelid = T.oid
             LEFT JOIN pg_namespace N ON (N.oid = C.relnamespace)
-    WHERE C.relkind IN ('r', 't', 'm')
-    GROUP BY C.oid, N.nspname, C.relname, T.oid, X.indexrelid;
+            LEFT JOIN LATERAL (
+              SELECT sum(pg_stat_get_blocks_fetched(indexrelid) -
+                         pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(indexrelid))::bigint
+                     AS idx_blks_read,
+                     sum(pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(indexrelid))::bigint
+                     AS idx_blks_hit
+              FROM pg_index WHERE indrelid = C.oid ) I ON true
+            LEFT JOIN LATERAL (
+              SELECT sum(pg_stat_get_blocks_fetched(indexrelid) -
+                         pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(indexrelid))::bigint
+                     AS idx_blks_read,
+                     sum(pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(indexrelid))::bigint
+                     AS idx_blks_hit
+              FROM pg_index WHERE indrelid = T.oid ) X ON true
+    WHERE C.relkind IN ('r', 't', 'm');
 
 CREATE VIEW pg_statio_sys_tables AS
     SELECT * FROM pg_statio_all_tables

src/include/catalog/catversion.h

@@ -53,6 +53,6 @@
  */
 
 /*							yyyymmddN */
-#define CATALOG_VERSION_NO	202203221
+#define CATALOG_VERSION_NO	202203241
 
 #endif

src/test/regress/expected/rules.out

@@ -2269,19 +2269,24 @@ pg_statio_all_tables| SELECT c.oid AS relid,
     c.relname,
     (pg_stat_get_blocks_fetched(c.oid) - pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(c.oid)) AS heap_blks_read,
     pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(c.oid) AS heap_blks_hit,
-    (sum((pg_stat_get_blocks_fetched(i.indexrelid) - pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(i.indexrelid))))::bigint AS idx_blks_read,
-    (sum(pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(i.indexrelid)))::bigint AS idx_blks_hit,
+    i.idx_blks_read,
+    i.idx_blks_hit,
     (pg_stat_get_blocks_fetched(t.oid) - pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(t.oid)) AS toast_blks_read,
     pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(t.oid) AS toast_blks_hit,
-    (pg_stat_get_blocks_fetched(x.indexrelid) - pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(x.indexrelid)) AS tidx_blks_read,
-    pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(x.indexrelid) AS tidx_blks_hit
+    x.idx_blks_read AS tidx_blks_read,
+    x.idx_blks_hit AS tidx_blks_hit
    FROM ((((pg_class c
-     LEFT JOIN pg_index i ON ((c.oid = i.indrelid)))
      LEFT JOIN pg_class t ON ((c.reltoastrelid = t.oid)))
-     LEFT JOIN pg_index x ON ((t.oid = x.indrelid)))
      LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON ((n.oid = c.relnamespace)))
-  WHERE (c.relkind = ANY (ARRAY['r'::"char", 't'::"char", 'm'::"char"]))
-  GROUP BY c.oid, n.nspname, c.relname, t.oid, x.indexrelid;
+     LEFT JOIN LATERAL ( SELECT (sum((pg_stat_get_blocks_fetched(pg_index.indexrelid) - pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(pg_index.indexrelid))))::bigint AS idx_blks_read,
+            (sum(pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(pg_index.indexrelid)))::bigint AS idx_blks_hit
+           FROM pg_index
+          WHERE (pg_index.indrelid = c.oid)) i ON (true))
+     LEFT JOIN LATERAL ( SELECT (sum((pg_stat_get_blocks_fetched(pg_index.indexrelid) - pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(pg_index.indexrelid))))::bigint AS idx_blks_read,
+            (sum(pg_stat_get_blocks_hit(pg_index.indexrelid)))::bigint AS idx_blks_hit
+           FROM pg_index
+          WHERE (pg_index.indrelid = t.oid)) x ON (true))
+  WHERE (c.relkind = ANY (ARRAY['r'::"char", 't'::"char", 'm'::"char"]));
 pg_statio_sys_indexes| SELECT pg_statio_all_indexes.relid,
     pg_statio_all_indexes.indexrelid,
     pg_statio_all_indexes.schemaname,