Use a fd opened for read/write when syncing slots during startup.

Some operating systems, including the reporter's windows, return EBADFD
or similar when fsync() is invoked on a O_RDONLY file descriptor.
Unfortunately RestoreSlotFromDisk() does exactly that; which causes
failures after restarts in at least some scenarios.

If you hit the bug the error message will be something like
ERROR: could not fsync file "pg_replslot/$name/state": Bad file descriptor

Simply use O_RDWR instead of O_RDONLY when opening the relevant file
descriptor to fix the bug.  Unfortunately I have no way of verifying the
fix, but we've seen similar problems in the past.

This bug goes back to 9.4 where slots were introduced. Backpatch
accordingly.

Reported-By: Patrice Drolet
Bug: #13143:
Discussion: 20150424101006.2556.60897@wrigleys.postgresql.org

Author: anarazel

src/backend/replication/slot.c

@@ -1092,7 +1092,7 @@ RestoreSlotFromDisk(const char *name)
 
 	elog(DEBUG1, "restoring replication slot from \"%s\"", path);
 
-	fd = OpenTransientFile(path, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0);
+	fd = OpenTransientFile(path, O_RDWR | PG_BINARY, 0);
 
 	/*
 	 * We do not need to handle this as we are rename()ing the directory into