Exporting CSS Rules with awk

Question

I'm trying to export a css rule from a css file with awk but I am not able to do it. I need only the rules containing the "background-image" line.

#rule{
...
background-image: url(path);
}

Here's what I have tried so far:

awk '/^[#].*{.*background-image.*/','/}/' css/file.css

What am I doing wrong?

At this moment I got the best result using:

/^[#A-Za-z.]/ { accum = 1; }
accum == 1 { css = css $0 "\n"; }
accum == 1 && /background-image/ { found = 1; }
/\}/ { accum = 0; if (found == 1) print css; found = 0; css = ""; }

and it allows me to get a full block with all the selectors

yes "export". I have many #rules (also .rules), I want to export only the ones containing "background-image: ... " — user1638466
– user1638466, Commented Feb 16, 2015 at 14:18
It has been a long time (two decades... ) but I seem to recall that awk matches just one line at a time. But it appears that you can do multi-line matches with contemporary awk implementations: stackoverflow.com/a/12390518/67392 — Richard
– Richard, Commented Feb 16, 2015 at 14:24

shawnt00 · Accepted Answer · 2015-02-16 17:14:20Z

1

Turn accumulation on after matching an open brace. Accumulate all lines while flag is on. Turn off after closing brace is seen. Print only if background-image found during accumulation. If you want to include lines before the match you do do something like this.

{ line4 = line3; line3 = line2; line2 = line1; line1 = $0 "\n"; }
/\{/ { accum = 1; head = line4 line3 line2 line1; }
accum == 1 { css = css $0 "\n"; }
accum == 1 && /background-image/ { found = 1; }
/\}/ {
    accum = 0;
    if (found == 1) print head css;
    found = 0; css = "";
}

You had said in comments "I need the full block from # (or . ) to }" but I'm getting the impression that you really just want this.

/\{/ { selector = $0 }
/background-image/ { print selector "\n" $0 "\n}\n" }

edited Feb 16, 2015 at 17:14

answered Feb 16, 2015 at 15:02

shawnt00

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19 Comments

user1638466 Over a year ago

What is this syntax about?

shawnt00 Over a year ago

It's like a C program. A generic awk script has patterns (often a regular expression) and actions (inside braces). You probably want to put this in it's own file and refer to it from the command line.

user1638466 Over a year ago

I have a syntax error near } in the first line. I m doing awk [that stuff] file.cs

shawnt00 Over a year ago

Try putting the script in a file, like say cssbckimg.awk, and use awk -f cssbckimg.awk mycss.css from the command line.

user1638466 Over a year ago

same issue, syntax error in the second line near \n

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