SOLUTION: In my case the problem of 500 error was the upgrade from php 5.x to 7; BUT: I imagine this error can come from many other reasons, so if it does not apply, good luck finding the other solutions. In this case, it worked - and the solution is to rewrite the code or downgrade to old PHP version until you re-code the incompatible parts.
EXPLANATION / DEBUGGING PROCESS: After several tests to identify what is happening (commenting parts of code, testing functions, reading documentation), I found that deprecated functions from previous versions of PHP will generate a 500 Error.
For example, in a script written for PHP<7 you may still have old mysql queryes like mysql_connect, and once your server is updated to 7 (and you must use mysqli), this script will throw 500 error.
I imagine this happens to any other function that became deprecated.
In your case, my bet is most of the scripts are compatible with 7, one is not.