The linked answer looks reasonably proper, but it's obviously not working for you. That means it's probably one of two things.
1) the backslashes are biting you. Try changing
ProcessStartInfo info = new ProcessStartInfo("ruby C:\rubyscript.rb");
to
ProcessStartInfo info = new ProcessStartInfo(@"ruby C:\rubyscript.rb");
or
ProcessStartInfo info = new ProcessStartInfo("ruby C:\\rubyscript.rb");
The first change uses string literals, the second escapes the backslash properly.
2) the environment path isn't getting Ruby's bin directory exported to it. This is less likely and more of a pain to test for, so I'd focus on the first.
ruby C:\ruby_script.rbis correct, it should work..