Is it possible to have a MySQL send a trigger event when a data is added into a table that can be detected by a python script so that action A be taken by the python script?
No, not directly. Triggers call Stored Procedures, etc. which are written in SQL in that DB engine's specific syntax. They don't call external programs. I'm not aware of any Databases which do.
Wrt not-external programs, MySQL let's you create UDF's in C/C++ which can be used in triggers.
The only way to use your Python code as if it was a trigger is in the same code which executes the insert/update, etc. For example something like:
def insert_into_table(x, y, z):
cursor.execute('INSERT INTO ...')
exec_insert_trigger(cursor)
def exec_insert_trigger(cursor_obj):
"""your trigger code here"""
cursor.execute(...)
Or you can try to convert your Python code to C using Cython and then use that in a MySQL trigger.