All you need to do is say that when the projectile is past halfway in the X direction, you should center the camera on the projectile until the camera cannot go any further.
edit: pseudo code as requested
//Check that projectile is past half the screen width if projectile.x > (screenwidth / 2) //get background to follow projectile background.xPos = -1 * (projectile.x - (screenwidth/2)) # Draw the projectile in the middle of the screen projectile.drawposX = screenwidth / 2