preg replace in php with custom tags

Question

I want to parse a custom template file and still struggle with regular expressions.

I want to parse the following file:

@foreach(($ones) as $one)

    @foreach($twos as $two)

        multiline content

    @endforeach

@endforeach

@foreach($three as $three)

    @other_expression

    @end_other_expression

@endforeach

The result should be:

<?php foreach(($ones) as $one) { ?>

    <?php foreach ($twos as $two) { ?>

        multiline content

    <?php } ?>

<?php } ?>

<?php foreach($threes as $three) { ?>

    @other_expression

    @end_other_expression

<?php } ?>

Replacing the @endforeach is rather easy. I did it with this code:

$pattern = '/@endforeach/'
$replacement = '<?php } ?>';
$contents = preg_replace($pattern, $replacement, $contents);

Now i need to replace the @foreach part which i tried with the following code:

$pattern = '/@foreach\(([^.]+)\)\\n/';
$replacement = '<?php foreach($1) { ?>';
$contents = preg_replace($pattern, $replacement, $contents);

The problem is that this pattern does not recognize the end of my @foreach() statement. The \n for a new line does not work. I cant use the closing bracket either because it is possible that there are multiple brackets inside the foreachhead.

Im open for any suggestion.

Thanks in advance.

It's not exactly HTML, but you should not use RegEx to parse markup in general. It's slow and difficult to maintain. — Thomas Glaser
– Thomas Glaser, Commented Apr 3, 2015 at 8:26

Wiktor Stribiżew · Accepted Answer · 2015-04-03 08:57:00Z

You can use 2 regexes at a row to do this:

<?php
   $str = "@foreach((\$ones) as \$one)\n\n    @foreach(\$twos as \$two)\n\n        multiline content\n\n    @endforeach\n\n@endforeach\n\n@foreach(\$three as \$three)\n\n    @other_expression\n\n    @end_other_expression\n\n@endforeach>"; 
   $result = preg_replace("/\\@endforeach/", "<?php } ?>", preg_replace("/\\@foreach(.*)/", "<?php foreach$1 { ?>", $str));
   print $result;
?>

Output:

<?php foreach(($ones) as $one) { ?>                                                                                                                                                                                                                    

    <?php foreach($twos as $two) { ?>                                                                                                                                                                                                                  

        multiline content                                                                                                                                                                                                                              

    <?php } ?>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

<?php } ?>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             

<?php foreach($three as $three) { ?>                                                                                                                                                                                                                   

    @other_expression                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  

    @end_other_expression                                                                                                                                                                                                                              

<?php } ?>

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