MongoDB document update array element using findOneAndUpdate method in Java

You have to use arrayFilters to update a specific array element (with a condition). The array filters in Java is defined with FindOneAndUpdateOptions object.

List<Bson> arrFilters = new ArrayList<>();
arrFilters.add(new Document("elem.apn", "abcdef")); // this specifies the element search criteria
FindOneAndUpdateOptions updateOptions = new FindOneAndUpdateOptions().arrayFilters(arrFilters);

String [] dArray = { "app", "ban", "ora" }; // the "d" array to be added
Bson update = set("session.ps.$[elem].d", Arrays.asList(dArray));

String idStr = "5e37dc262f5ff4dfc935eb6b";
Bson queryFilter = eq("_id", new ObjectId(idStr));

Document result = coll.findOneAndUpdate(queryFilter, update, updateOptions);
System.out.println(result);

The same update operation in Mongo Shell:

var dArray = [ "app", "ban" ];

db.test.updateOne(
   { _id: ObjectId("5e37dc262f5ff4dfc935eb6b") }, 
   { $set: { "session.ps.$[elem].d" : dArray } },
   {
     arrayFilters: [ { "elem.apn": "abcdef" } ]
   }
)

Updating the apn simultaneously with a new value "newVal" and adding a new string element "gua" to the d array (this will add a new array if the array doesn't exist):

db.test.updateOne(
   { _id: ObjectId("5e37dc262f5ff4dfc935eb6b") }, 
   { 
     $set: { "session.ps.$[elem].apn": "newVal" }
     $push: { "session.ps.$[elem].d" : "gua" } 
   },
   {
     arrayFilters: [ { "elem.apn": "abcdef" } ]
   }
)

The Java code for the above Mongo Shell code:

List<Bson> arrayFilters = new ArrayList<>();
arrayFilters.add(new Document("elem.apn", "abcdef"));
FindOneAndUpdateOptions updateOptions = 
    new FindOneAndUpdateOptions().arrayFilters(arrayFilters);   

Bson pushUpdate = push("session.ps.$[elem].d", "gua");
Bson setUpdate = set("session.ps.$[elem].apn", "newValue");
Bson update = combine(pushUpdate, setUpdate);

String idStr = "5e37dc262f5ff4dfc935eb6b";
Bson queryFilter = eq("_id", new ObjectId(idStr));

Document result = coll.findOneAndUpdate(queryFilter, update, updateOptions);