Pass environment variable to multiple commands

Question

When I do

Hello=123 npm run a && npm run b && npm run c

I was expecting Hello=123 environment variable to be passed inside a, b and c process. But it turns out only a has the environment variable correctly set.

Is there any other ways that I can pass parameters all at once?

Possible duplicate of Setting an environment variable before a command in bash not working for second command in a pipe — Will Barnwell
– Will Barnwell, Commented Aug 31, 2017 at 20:29

dgc · Accepted Answer · 2017-09-01 05:29:35Z

9

Try:

Hello=123 sh -c 'npm run a && npm run b && npm run c'

Better: use env before the whole line. This makes the one-liner work in both Bourne/POSIX and csh-derived shells:

env Hello=123 sh -c 'npm run a && npm run b && npm run c'

Your observation is that var=val foo && bar sets $var only in the environment of foo, not bar. That's correct. The solution is to set the environment for a command that in turn runs foo and bar: sh -c.

The other solution, of course, is simply:

Hello=123; export Hello   # or export Hello=123 if using bash
npm run a && npm run b && npm run c

answered Sep 1, 2017 at 5:29

dgc

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3 Comments

ghoti Over a year ago

The last solution is cleanest, and if you want it even more clean, wrap it in parentheses so the exported variable is available only where it needs to be.

Shih-Min Lee Over a year ago

The first one can work. The last one Hello=123 pollutes my environment though.

dgc Over a year ago

Agreed, I don't like the env clutter either. But the previous comment about wrapping in parentheses solves that.

wintercounter · Accepted Answer · 2022-12-01 08:06:45Z

0

I simply use export.

export FOO=bar && npm run a && npm run b && npm run c

answered Dec 1, 2022 at 8:06

wintercounter

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