writing and uploading sketch as cpp file

Question

I want to use only *.cpp files and no *.ino anymore. I read a lot of stuff about how to upload c++ instead of arduino sketches. But still I was not able to find a step by step guide how to do it.

Actually I am developing my sketch within Spacemacs (Emacs) and uploading it with Arduino-Makefile (https://github.com/sudar/Arduino-Makefile)

When I now want to start a new project with only *.cpp and *.h files to use classes etc. how would I start? Does anybody has the time to describe a rough step-by-step without the trivial stuff?

.ino files are C++ files. You could just rename your main C++ file with the .ino extension and compile it with the IDE or Sudar's Makefile. If you are not using the Arduino core library, a much simpler Makefile could do it. — Edgar Bonet
– Edgar Bonet, Commented Sep 23, 2016 at 20:42
yea but what about these loop() and setup() functions. I know I could write a main() function instead but well...there must be some kind of conventional interface so the microcontroller knows what to start running. Or are those two "arduino" functions wrapped by a main() function which just calls setup once and calls loop() in a while-loop? — xetra11
– xetra11, Commented Sep 23, 2016 at 20:59
If you're moving to a standalone project then why do you care what the Arduino libraries do? If you need the Arduino libraries then why are you moving to a standalone project? — Ignacio Vazquez-Abrams
– Ignacio Vazquez-Abrams, Commented Sep 23, 2016 at 22:00
I never said I want to skip the arduino library. Still want to use it but not in a ino file — xetra11
– xetra11, Commented Sep 24, 2016 at 6:54

Community · Accepted Answer · 2017-04-13 12:50:09Z

See my post about How the IDE organizes things.

Also see my page about how to avoid the quirks of the IDE sketch file pre-preprocessing.

You can certainly manage without .ino files. As Edgar Bonet says, they are really C++ files with certain pre-processing (see link above).

but what about these loop() and setup() functions

Effectively, the Arduino IDE supplies a main function that looks like this:

int main ()
  {
  init ();    // initialize hardware, including timers and timer interrupts
  setup ();   // user setup
  while (true)
    loop ();  // stuff to be done repeatedly
  return 0;   // this will never be executed
  }

(It's slightly more complex, to allow for USB where applicable, but that is the idea).

But still I did not found the step by step guide how to do it.

I'm pretty sure there are a lot of example "make" files around which show the idea.

I have an example here.

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