ESP8266 cannot handle struct

Question

The following code works on a range of Arduino's but not on ESP. It returns random data for ID and Pin. The other two fields are always empty.

I use the Arduino IDE for both the ESP and the Arduino's. It looks like the ESP has it's own idea when it comes to struct.

#include <RH_ASK.h>
#include <SPI.h>

#define BAUD 2000
#define RX 2
#define TX 5

RH_ASK driver(BAUD, RX, TX);

struct data {
  int id;
  int pin;
  int value1;
  int value2;
} myData;

void setup()
{
    Serial.begin(9600);
    Serial.println("Starting..");
    if (!driver.init())
         Serial.println("init failed");
}

void loop()
{
    uint8_t buf[RH_ASK_MAX_MESSAGE_LEN];
    uint8_t buflen = sizeof(buf);

    if (driver.recv(buf, &buflen)) {

      memcpy(&myData, buf, buflen);

      Serial.print("ID: "); 
      Serial.println(myData.id);

      Serial.print("Pin: "); 
      Serial.println(myData.pin);

      Serial.print("Value1: "); 
      Serial.println(myData.value1);

      Serial.print("Value2: "); 
      Serial.println(myData.value2);

      Serial.println("");
    }
    yield;
}

Bad Data

ID: 263145
Pin: 18350364
Value1: 0
Value2: 0

Should be

ID: 1001
Pin: 4
Value1: 267
Value2: 843

This looks like it's nothing to do with structs; this appears to be about the RadioHead packet radio library (which you never mention). When using a library you need to tell people what library you're using and give them an idea of what you're trying to do. I would also guess that you have some sort of hardware hooked up to pins 2 and 5 on the Arduino that you're keeping secret from us to make the question harder to answer. — cjs
– cjs, Commented Apr 18, 2017 at 0:44
try short int instead of int in the struct (looks like int's are 32bit in esp8266 and 16bit in arduino boards? perhaps? - For portability use uint16_t and int16_t for ints - github.com/mysensors/MySensors/issues/223 — Jaromanda X
– Jaromanda X, Commented Apr 18, 2017 at 3:19
Awesome! You are my hero, I will dress like you when I go to comic-con Jaromanda X — Thijs
– Thijs, Commented Apr 18, 2017 at 6:10

Jaromanda X · Accepted Answer · 2017-04-19 00:14:13Z

The issue is that Arduino boards (8 bit ones at least), an int is 16 bits, where as the ESP's (8266 and 32) and possibly other non-arduino hardware, an int is 32bits

The safest way to declare structs in any case is to use variable types with known sizes, in your case, for signed 16bit ints

struct data {
  int16_t id;
  int16_t pin;
  int16_t value1;
  int16_t value2;
} myData;

or for unsigned 16bit ints

struct data {
  uint16_t id;
  uint16_t pin;
  uint16_t value1;
  uint16_t value2;
} myData;

Note: there's also short int which I believe is "guaranteed" to be 16bit (and "long int" is always 32 bit) - but having the bit size in the declaration is a far better (future proof) solution

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