Try using the script from the second answer in your linked Q&A.
I created a folder with MXDs from almost every version between 8.3 and 10.5.

I had varied success using the script from the first answer, but much better success using the script from the second answer. Every version was recoginised except 9.3. I'm unsure why yet, I'm still digging.
import glob, os, sys
from oletools.thirdparty import olefile
def mxd_version(filename):
ofile = olefile.OleFileIO(filename)
stream = ofile.openstream('Version')
data = stream.read().decode('utf-16')
version = data.split('\x00')[1]
return version
folder = r'C:\GIS\SE\TestMXDVersions'
mxdFiles = glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, '*.mxd'))
for mxdFile in mxdFiles:
fileName = os.path.basename(mxdFile)
print mxdFile, (mxd_version(mxdFile))
C:\GIS\SE\TestMXDVersions\x100.mxd 10.0
C:\GIS\SE\TestMXDVersions\x101.mxd 10.1
C:\GIS\SE\TestMXDVersions\x103.mxd 10.3
C:\GIS\SE\TestMXDVersions\x104.mxd 10.4
C:\GIS\SE\TestMXDVersions\x105.mxd 10.5
C:\GIS\SE\TestMXDVersions\x83.mxd 8.3
C:\GIS\SE\TestMXDVersions\x90.mxd 9.0
C:\GIS\SE\TestMXDVersions\x92.mxd 9.2
C:\GIS\SE\TestMXDVersions\x93.mxd An unexpected error occured while printing the document.