I have the following code:
function lower_than_10($i) {
return ($i < 10);
}
that I can use to filter an array like this:
$arr = array(7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13);
$new_arr = array_filter($arr, 'lower_than_10');
How can I add arguments to lower_than_10 so that it also accepts the number to check against? Like, if I have this:
function lower_than($i, $num) {
return ($i < $num);
}
how to call it from array_filter passing 10 to $num or whatever number?
if you are using php 5.3 and above, you can use closure to simplify your code:
$NUM = 5;
$items = array(1, 4, 5, 8, 0, 6);
$filteredItems = array_filter($items, function($elem) use($NUM){
return $elem < $NUM;
});
use word to provide the lambda with extra parameters. Thanks for such a valuable hint! :)
use($NUM, $var2)As an alternative to @Charles's solution using closures, you can actually find an example in the comments on the documentation page. The idea is that you create an object with the desired state ($num) and the callback method (taking $i as an argument):
class LowerThanFilter {
private $num;
function __construct($num) {
$this->num = $num;
}
function isLower($i) {
return $i < $this->num;
}
}
Usage (demo):
$arr = array(7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13);
$matches = array_filter($arr, array(new LowerThanFilter(12), 'isLower'));
print_r($matches);
As a sidenote, you can now replace LowerThanFilter with a more generic NumericComparisonFilter with methods like isLower, isGreater, isEqual etc. Just a thought — and a demo...
array_filter? It's simply a callable; in the above case matching "Type 3: Object method call": array(<instance>, <method-name>), cf. PHP: Callbacks / Callables - Manual.In PHP 5.3 or better, you can use a closure:
function create_lower_than($number = 10) {
// The "use" here binds $number to the function at declare time.
// This means that whenever $number appears inside the anonymous
// function, it will have the value it had when the anonymous
// function was declared.
return function($test) use($number) { return $test < $number; };
}
// We created this with a ten by default. Let's test.
$lt_10 = create_lower_than();
var_dump($lt_10(9)); // True
var_dump($lt_10(10)); // False
var_dump($lt_10(11)); // False
// Let's try a specific value.
$lt_15 = create_lower_than(15);
var_dump($lt_15(13)); // True
var_dump($lt_15(14)); // True
var_dump($lt_15(15)); // False
var_dump($lt_15(16)); // False
// The creation of the less-than-15 hasn't disrupted our less-than-10:
var_dump($lt_10(9)); // Still true
var_dump($lt_10(10)); // Still false
var_dump($lt_10(11)); // Still false
// We can simply pass the anonymous function anywhere that a
// 'callback' PHP type is expected, such as in array_filter:
$arr = array(7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13);
$new_arr = array_filter($arr, $lt_10);
print_r($new_arr);
create_function().
create_function() is basically eval() with another name, and is just as evil. Using it should be discouraged. The wacky class-based workaround given in the accepted answer is a better solution than using create_function() in this case.if you need multiple parameters to be passed to the function, you may append them to the use statement using ",":
$r = array_filter($anArray, function($anElement) use ($a, $b, $c){
//function body where you may use $anElement, $a, $b and $c
});
In extension to jensgram answer you can add some more magic by using the __invoke() magic method.
class LowerThanFilter {
private $num;
public function __construct($num) {
$this->num = $num;
}
public function isLower($i) {
return $i < $this->num;
}
function __invoke($i) {
return $this->isLower($i);
}
}
This will allow you to do
$arr = array(7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13);
$matches = array_filter($arr, new LowerThanFilter(12));
print_r($matches);
Worth noting that since PHP 7.4 arrow functions are available, and this can be done even more neatly:
$max = 10;
$arr = array(7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13);
$new_arr = array_filter($arr, fn ($n) => $n < $max);
class ArraySearcher{
const OPERATOR_EQUALS = '==';
const OPERATOR_GREATERTHAN = '>';
const OPERATOR_LOWERTHAN = '<';
const OPERATOR_NOT = '!=';
private $_field;
private $_operation;
private $_val;
public function __construct($field,$operation,$num) {
$this->_field = $field;
$this->_operation = $operation;
$this->_val = $num;
}
function __invoke($i) {
switch($this->_operation){
case '==':
return $i[$this->_field] == $this->_val;
break;
case '>':
return $i[$this->_field] > $this->_val;
break;
case '<':
return $i[$this->_field] < $this->_val;
break;
case '!=':
return $i[$this->_field] != $this->_val;
break;
}
}
}
This allows you to filter items in multidimensional arrays:
$users = array();
$users[] = array('email' => '[email protected]','name' => 'Robert');
$users[] = array('email' => '[email protected]','name' => 'Carl');
$users[] = array('email' => '[email protected]','name' => 'Robert');
//Print all users called 'Robert'
print_r( array_filter($users, new ArraySearcher('name',ArraySearcher::OPERATOR_EQUALS,'Robert')) );
