How to get rows whose nth column contains mth column

With awk:

awk -F, '$2 ~ $1"$"' file.csv

• -F, sets the field separator as ,

• $2 ~ $1"$" tests if the second field ends with the first field; if so, print the record (default action)

With grep, grep by default print only matched lines:

grep -E '^([^,]+),.*\1$' file.csv

With sed, printing lines matching the condition:

sed -nE '/^([^,]+),.*\1$/ p' file.csv

Example:

% cat file.txt
site1.com,mail.site1.com
site2.com,testmail.com
site3.com,mx.site3.com
site4.com,smtp.site4.com
site5.com,foomail.com
site6.com,barmail.com
site7.com,webmail.site7.com
site8.com,01mx.site8.com
site9.com,foobarmail.com
site10.com,mx-smtp222.site10.com

% awk -F, '$2 ~ $1"$"' file.txt
site1.com,mail.site1.com
site3.com,mx.site3.com
site4.com,smtp.site4.com
site7.com,webmail.site7.com
site8.com,01mx.site8.com
site10.com,mx-smtp222.site10.com

% grep -E '^([^,]+),.*\1$' file.txt
site1.com,mail.site1.com
site3.com,mx.site3.com
site4.com,smtp.site4.com
site7.com,webmail.site7.com
site8.com,01mx.site8.com
site10.com,mx-smtp222.site10.com


% sed -nE '/^([^,]+),.*\1$/ p' file.txt 
site1.com,mail.site1.com
site3.com,mx.site3.com
site4.com,smtp.site4.com
site7.com,webmail.site7.com
site8.com,01mx.site8.com
site10.com,mx-smtp222.site10.com