How to convert a url string to safe characters with python?

Question

Suppose I have the following string:

"http://earth.google.com/gallery/kmz/women_for_women.kmz?a=large"

Is there some function or module to be able to convert a string like the above to a string below where all the characters are changed to be compliant with a url:

"http%3A%2F%2Fearth.google.com%2Fgallery%2Fkmz%2Fwomen_for_women.kmz%3Fa%3Dlarge"

What is the best way to do this in python?

maij · Accepted Answer · 2018-11-17 20:13:55Z

45

Python 2's urllib.quote_plus, and Python 3's urllib.parse.quote_plus

url = "http://earth.google.com/gallery/kmz/women_for_women.kmz?a=large"
# Python 2
urllib.quote_plus(url)
# Python 3
urllib.parse.quote_plus(url)

outputs:

'http%3A%2F%2Fearth.google.com%2Fgallery%2Fkmz%2Fwomen_for_women.kmz%3Fa%3Dlarge'

edited Nov 17, 2018 at 20:13

maij

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answered Aug 22, 2012 at 22:37

Colin Dunklau

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3 Comments

Max Candocia Over a year ago

I think there's an issue when you want to have a space become %2C and it gets converted to a + instead.

Max Candocia Over a year ago

Also, as an update, you need to use urllib.parse.quote_plus in Python 3

Colin Dunklau Over a year ago

@MaxCandocia Yes, that's the job of quote_plus, it converts spaces to +, hence the name. The docs talk about the difference... quote is for URL path components, and quote_plus is for query string parameter names and values.

Jason Yang · Accepted Answer · 2018-01-03 12:32:57Z

11

Available in the Windows platform

#! python3.6
from urllib.parse import quote


# result: http://www.oschina.net/search?scope=bbs&q=C%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80
quote('http://www.oschina.net/search?scope=bbs&q=C语言',safe='/:?=&')

answered Jan 3, 2018 at 12:32

Jason Yang

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2 Comments

dangee1705 Over a year ago

The user asked for all special characters to be converted

dangee1705 Over a year ago

@DeadSec this question is over three years old at this point, but just because the OP didn't understand the code doesn't mean they shouldn't be coding. Everyone takes time to learn and you cant expect them to understand everything immediately. Have a little patience. Peace.

Senthil Kumaran · Accepted Answer · 2012-08-22 22:39:23Z

2

Are you looking for urllib.quote or urllib.quote_plus? Note that you do not quote the entire url string as you mentioned in the question. You normally quote the part in the path or after the query string. Whichever you are going to use in the application.

answered Aug 22, 2012 at 22:39

Senthil Kumaran

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2 Comments

Jonathan Vanasco Over a year ago

you'd quote the entire url if it were just a string that is part of a GET request. e.g. http://example.com/show-url-info?url=http%3A%2F%2Fearth.google.com%2Fgallery%2Fkmz%2Fwomen_for_women.kmz%3Fa%3Dlarge

Senthil Kumaran Over a year ago

In this, the full query is part of the query.

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