I've come accross a problem with putting Button objects in a List.
I'm not sure if what i'm trying to achieve can actually be achieved but here it is..
working sample:
from tkinter import *
class Main(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.pack(fill = 'both', expand = True)
# General purpose variables ----------
self.isButtonSelected = False
self.isButton_A_Selected = False # controll boolean
self.isButton_B_Selected = False
self.isButton_C_Selected = False
self.isButton_D_Selected = False
# Layers ----------
self.background = Frame(self)
# Buttons ----------
self.button_A = Button(self.background, text = "A", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton_A)
self.button_B = Button(self.background, text = "B", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton_B)
self.button_C = Button(self.background, text = "C", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton_C)
self.button_D = Button(self.background, text = "D", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton_D)
# Packs ----------
#layers
self.background.pack(fill = 'both', expand = True)
#buttons
btnPackPrefix = {'side' : 'left', 'fill' : 'both', 'expand' : 'True'}
self.button_A.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_B.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_C.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_D.pack(btnPackPrefix)
def selectButton_A(self):
'''The idea here is similar to radiobuttons.
Click to select. Click same to deselect.
Click other to deselect old and select new.
Only one button can be selected at a time.
-repeated for all similar methods.'''
if self.isButtonSelected == False: # click-select
self.button_A.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_A_Selected = True
else:
if self.isButton_A_Selected: # click-deselect
self.resetButtons()
self.isButtonSelected = False
else: # deselect other and select this
self.resetButtons()
self.button_A.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_A_Selected = True
def selectButton_B(self):
if self.isButtonSelected == False:
self.button_B.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_B_Selected = True
else:
if self.isButton_B_Selected:
self.resetButtons()
self.isButtonSelected = False
else:
self.resetButtons()
self.button_B.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_B_Selected = True
def selectButton_C(self):
if self.isButtonSelected == False:
self.button_C.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_C_Selected = True
else:
if self.isButton_C_Selected:
self.resetButtons()
self.isButtonSelected = False
else:
self.resetButtons()
self.button_C.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_C_Selected = True
def selectButton_D(self):
if self.isButtonSelected == False:
self.button_D.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_D_Selected = True
else:
if self.isButton_D_Selected:
self.resetButtons()
self.isButtonSelected = False
else:
self.resetButtons()
self.button_D.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_D_Selected = True
def resetButtons(self):
'''this pretty much resets all buttons and controll booleans
to their default state'''
#A
self.button_A.config(bg = 'white') # paint button white
self.isButton_A_Selected = False # controll boolean reset
#B
self.button_B.config(bg = 'white')
self.isButton_B_Selected = False
#C
self.button_C.config(bg = 'white')
self.isButton_C_Selected = False
#D
self.button_D.config(bg = 'white')
self.isButton_D_Selected = False
def run_Application():
app = Main()
app.master.geometry('200x50')
app.mainloop()
run_Application()
As you noticed, my code has lots of copy-pasted snippets with details changed in each one.
So i need to make it shorter somehow.. i need 1 function that controls all these actions
since they are similar.
I've come up with this.
NOT working sample:
from tkinter import *
class Main(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.pack(fill = 'both', expand = True)
# General purpose variables ----------
self.isButtonSelected = False
self.isButton_A_Selected = False # controll boolean
self.isButton_B_Selected = False
self.isButton_C_Selected = False
self.isButton_D_Selected = False
# Layers ----------
self.background = Frame(self)
# Buttons ----------
self.button_A = Button(self.background, text = "A", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton(0)) # apparently this doesn't work...
self.button_B = Button(self.background, text = "B", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton(1))
self.button_C = Button(self.background, text = "C", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton(2))
self.button_D = Button(self.background, text = "D", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton(3))
# Packs ----------
#layers
self.background.pack(fill = 'both', expand = True)
#buttons
btnPackPrefix = {'side' : 'left', 'fill' : 'both', 'expand' : 'True'}
self.button_A.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_B.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_C.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_D.pack(btnPackPrefix)
def selectButton(self, i = None):
'''The idea here is similar to radiobuttons.
Click to select. Click same to deselect.
Click other to deselect old and select new.
Only one button can be selected at a time.
-do that only on objects
at [i]. 'i' is given from the button command'''
global buttons, btn_bools
buttons = [self.button_A, self.button_B,
self.button_C, self.button_D] # list buttons. # Raises error. It seems that Button objects cannot be listed
btn_bools = [self.isButton_A_Selected, self.isButton_B_Selected,
self.isButton_C_Selected, self.isButton_D_Selected] # list contoll booleans
if self.isButtonSelected == False: # click-select
self.buttons[i].config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.btn_bools[i] = True
else:
if self.isButton_A_Selected: # click-deselect
self.resetButtons()
self.isButtonSelected = False
else: # deselect other and select this
self.resetButtons()
self.buttons[i].config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.btn_bools[i] = True
def resetButtons(self):
'''iterate through all buttons/controll booleans
and reset to their default state'''
for b in range(len(buttons)):
buttons[b].config(bg = 'white')
for bb in range(len(btn_bools)):
btn_bools[bb] = False
def run_Application():
app = Main()
app.master.geometry('200x50')
app.mainloop()
run_Application()
I tried to test a similar method with 'simple' classes that contained an Int attribute and
it worked perfectly!
From the error report, i get that listing buttons isn't a good idea if not impossible.
I did search Google a lot for any examples or similar problems, but i didn't
get any good results.
I also searched about pointer implementations in Python and
got confused. I was trying to see if it is possible to save a variable pointing to a
button but i think the result is the same.. the List reads it's objects as Buttons and
raises error.
So, my questions are:
1. Can this be done somehow? (Shorting significantly the first code sample.)
2. About listing Buttons or widgets in general: If it can be done, How? If not, Why?
3. On the second code sample, i need my button commands to contain the 'i' argument
that my function needs. How can this be typed? It seems that just adding (i) does not work.
Thanks in advance!
