node.js: returning an array in a module

The result is not passed back to the caller (using callback). Here is the change:

prog: calling the function:

var input = require('./einlesen.js');
input.einlesen('GZV.csv', ';', 1, 2, function(err, output)
{   
    console.log(output);
});

einlesen.js:

NOTE: last argument "callback" is added to this function. Also, callback() is called at the end to return the result

var einlesen = function(datei, trennzeichen, zelle1, zelle2, callback) {
    var result = [];                                            //Ergebnis array beinhaltet start und endknoten

    var fs = require('fs'),                                     //filestream einbinden um fs.open etc zu nutzen
    data = 'Daten/' + datei;

    fs.open(data, 'r', function(err, handledata, callback) {
        fs.stat(data, function(err,datastats) {
            var datasize = datastats.size,
            databuffer = new Buffer(datasize);
            var dataarray = [];

            fs.read(handledata, databuffer, 0, datasize, 0, function(err, bytes, datacontent) {
                var datalines = datacontent.toString().split("\n");                                 //array mit Zeilen der Datei füllen

                for (var i=0; i < datalines.length - 1; i += 1) {
                    dataarray[i] = datalines[i].split(trennzeichen);                                //Zeile aufsplitten
                    dataarray [i][zelle1] = dataarray[i][zelle1].trim();                            //Leerezeichen entfernen
                    dataarray [i][zelle1] = dataarray[i][zelle1].trim('\r');                        // \r abschneiden
                    if (zelle2 != 'n') {
                        dataarray [i][zelle2] = dataarray[i][zelle2].trim();                        //Leerzeichen entfernen
                        dataarray [i][zelle2] = dataarray[i][zelle2].trim('\r');                    // \r abschneiden
                    }
                    result[i] = [dataarray[i][zelle1], dataarray[i][zelle2]];
                }
                fs.close(handledata);
                callback(null, result);   // 1st argument: null means no error, 2nd argument is the reuslt
            });
        });
    });
};
exports.einlesen = einlesen;

You have to add a callback function to your einlesen function and call that function once your finished with reading and constructing the result array.

var einlesen = function(datei, trennzeichen, zelle1, zelle2, cb) // Callback function
{
var result = [];                                            //Ergebnis array beinhaltet start und endknoten

var fs = require('fs'),                                     //filestream einbinden um fs.open etc zu nutzen
data = 'Daten/' + datei;

fs.open(data, 'r', function(err, handledata)                //zu prüfende Datendatei einbinden
{
    if (err) { return cb(err); }                            // Ensure that in case of an error we do not proceed
    fs.stat(data, function(err,datastats)                   //dateiinformationen über größe auslesen
    {
        if (err) { return cb(err); }                        // Ensure that in case of an error we do not proceed
        var datasize = datastats.size,
        databuffer = new Buffer(datasize);
        var dataarray = [];

        fs.read(handledata, databuffer, 0, datasize, 0, function(err, bytes, datacontent)       //Datei zum lesen öffnen
        {
            // Code removed for clarity...
            fs.close(handledata);

            cb(undefined, result); // Now call the callback
        });
    });
});
}

Some code fragments that were used to parse file data and build the result were removed for clarity. This code adds two "exit points" where the code returns in case an error was passed to a callback handler.

You might also consider using a more simple approach to read all data from a file. fs.readFile and fs.readFileSync allow you to read all file contents text in one operation.