django: cannot run custom authentication backend

Question

I made a custom authentication backend and tried to run it but I found that it doesn't run custom authentication and also returns an error.

Below is the source code.

settings.py

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'welcome.NDDUser'

AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = (
    'welcome.backend.MyCustomBackend',
)

welcome/backend.py

from welcome.models import NDDUser

from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError

class MyCustomBackend(object):
    # Create an authentication method
    # This is called by the standard Django login procedure.
    def authenticate(self, username=None, password=None):
        try:
            # Try to find a user matching your name
            user = NDDUser.objects.get(username=username)
        except NDDUser.DoesNotExist:
            return None

        if user.check_password(password):
            return user
        else:
            return None

    def get_user(self, user_id):
        try:
            return NDDUser.objects.get(pk=user_id)
        except NDDUser.DoesNotExist:
            return None

welcome/views.py

from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login

from django.shortcuts import render, redirect

from welcome.models import NDDUser, University

from welcome.forms import LoginForm, RegisterForm

def index(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        email = request.POST.get('email')
        password = request.POST.get('password')

        user = authenticate(email=email, password=password)

        if user is not None:

            login(request, user)
            # Redirect to doctor search page.
            return redirect('search:index')
        else:
            context = { 'login_error_message' : 'You put the wrong information'}
            return render(request, 'welcome/index.html', context)
    else:
        return render(request, 'welcome/index.html')

welcome/forms.py

from django import forms

class LoginForm(forms.Form):
    email = forms.CharField()
    password = forms.CharField()

class RegisterForm(forms.Form):
    university = forms.CharField()
    email = forms.CharField()
    password1 = forms.CharField(min_length=6)
    password2 = forms.CharField(min_length=6)
    nickname = forms.CharField(max_length=15, min_length=2)

    def clean(self):
        cleaned_data = super(RegisterForm, self).clean()
        password1 = cleaned_data.get('password1')
        password2 = cleaned_data.get('password2')

        if password1 and password2:
            if password1 != password2:
                raise forms.ValidationError("Both passwords r not same.")

        return cleaned_data

welcome/models.py

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import (
                                        BaseUserManager, AbstractBaseUser
                                        )
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError

class NDDUserManager(BaseUserManager):
    def create_user(self, email, university, password, nickname):
        user = self.model(
                          email=NDDUserManager.normalize_email(email),
                          university=university,
                          nickname=nickname,
                          )

        user.set_password(password)
        #user.full_clean()
        #user.save()
        try:
            user.full_clean()
        except ValidationError as e:
            return e

        user.save()    
        return user

class NDDUser(AbstractBaseUser):
    university = models.ForeignKey('University')
    email = models.EmailField(unique=True, error_messages={'invalid' : 'Invalid mail address','unique' : 'Already registered email address'})
    nickname = models.CharField(max_length='15', unique=True, error_messages={'unique' : 'Already registered nickname'})

    objects = NDDUserManager()

    USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
    REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['university', 'password', 'nickname']


class University(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length='20')
    email = models.CharField(max_length='20')

    def __unicode__(self):
        return u'%s %s' % (self.name, self.email)

And I didn't syncdb till writing all the code. Finally, after syncdb and run it by eclipse (using pydev), I face the error message below:

ERROR    2014-05-09 06:15:49,448 base.py:212] Internal Server Error: /welcome/
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Applications/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/django-1.5/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 115, in get_response
    response = callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
  File "/Users/nextdoordoctor/git/NDDWeb/NDDWeb/src/welcome/views.py", line 19, in index
    user = authenticate(email=email, password=password)
  File "/Applications/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/django-1.5/django/contrib/auth/__init__.py", line 60, in authenticate
    user = backend.authenticate(**credentials)
  File "/Applications/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/django-1.5/django/contrib/auth/backends.py", line 16, in authenticate
    user = UserModel._default_manager.get_by_natural_key(username)
  File "/Applications/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/django-1.5/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 168, in get_by_natural_key
    return self.get(**{self.model.USERNAME_FIELD: username})
  File "/Applications/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/django-1.5/django/db/models/manager.py", line 143, in get
    return self.get_query_set().get(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Applications/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/django-1.5/django/db/models/query.py", line 398, in get
    num = len(clone)
  File "/Applications/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/django-1.5/django/db/models/query.py", line 106, in __len__
    self._result_cache = list(self.iterator())
  File "/Applications/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/django-1.5/django/db/models/query.py", line 317, in iterator
    for row in compiler.results_iter():
  File "/Applications/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/django-1.5/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 775, in results_iter
    for rows in self.execute_sql(MULTI):
  File "/Applications/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/django-1.5/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 840, in execute_sql
    cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/Applications/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/django-1.5/django/db/backends/util.py", line 41, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/Applications/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/django-1.5/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 130, in execute
    six.reraise(utils.DatabaseError, utils.DatabaseError(*tuple(e.args)), sys.exc_info()[2])
  File "/Applications/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/django-1.5/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 120, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(query, args)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/MySQL_python-1.2.4b4-py2.7-macosx-10.6-intel.egg/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 202, in execute
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/MySQL_python-1.2.4b4-py2.7-macosx-10.6-intel.egg/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 36, in defaulterrorhandler
DatabaseError: (1146, "Table 'nddweb.auth_user' doesn't exist")
INFO     2014-05-09 06:15:49,548 module.py:639] default: "POST /welcome/ HTTP/1.1" 500 12787

------------------------- more information ------------

Finally I put the AUTH_USER_MODEL definition top of the settings.py and syncdb it works! There is no error output like above. But still I have another problem.

When I click submit button of form and post data r send to view.py and authenticate() function doesn't work properly.

Even though I type the correct form data and send it still output that 'You put wrong information'. Django doesn't really import MyCustomBackend I guess..

How can I solve this problem?

Table 'nddweb.auth_user' doesn't exist Did you sync the database? — Igonato
– Igonato, Commented May 9, 2014 at 7:41
I finally syncdb and error message disappeared. But I still got a problem again. — nextdoordoc
– nextdoordoc, Commented May 9, 2014 at 7:47

knbk · Accepted Answer · 2014-05-09 09:53:09Z

Your method signatures don't match. Your backend needs a username and a password, yet in your view you try to authenticate your user using an email and password.

Calling MyCustomBackend.authenticate with unsupported keywords will raise a TypeError. Django treats this the same as when a backend returns None. This way, multiple backends can receive different keyword arguments and still function correctly.

Also note that, though you've set the USERNAME_FIELD attribute, your user model still doesn't have a username field. It is only used in the get_username method, and in the manager's get_by_natural_key method. In all other cases, you still have to filter for the actual email field.

BTW, at the moment your custom backends doesn't do anything that the default Django backend doesn't do. Unless you need to add more custom functionality, consider using the default backend.

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