Possible to store multiple data structures in one file for save and load (python)?

I recommend you use shelve (comes with python). For example:

import shelve
d = shelve.open('file.txt')           # in this file you will save your variables
d['mylist'] = [1, 2, 'a']             # thats all, but note the name for later.
d['mydict'] = {'a':1, 'b':2}
d.close()

To read values:

import shelve
d = shelve.open('file.txt')
my_list = d['mylist']           # the list is read from disk
my_dict = d['mydict']           # the dict is read from disk

If you are going to be saving numpy arrays then I recommend you use joblib which is optimized for this use case.

Pickle would be one way to go about it (it is in the standard library).

import pickle

my_dict = {'a':1, 'b':2}

# write to file
pickle.dump(my_dict, open('./my_dict.pkl', 'wb'))

#load from file
my_dict = pickle.load(open('./my_dict.pkl', 'rb'))

And for the array you can use the ndarray.dump() method in numpy, which is more efficient for large arrays.

import numpy as np
my_ary = np.array([[1,2], [3,4]])
my_ary.dump( open('./my_ary.pkl', 'wb'))

But you can of course also put everything into the same pickle file or use shelve (which uses pickle) like suggested in the other answer.

The pickle format blurs the line between data and code and I don't like using it except when I'm the only writer and reader of the data in question and when I'm sure that it's not been tampered with.

If your data structure is just non sequence types, dicts and lists, you can serialise it into json using the json module. This is a pure data format which can be read back reliably. It doesn't handle tuples though but treats them as lists.

Here's an example.

 a = [1,2,3,4]
 b = dict(lang="python", author="Guido")
 import json
 with open("data.dump", "r") as f:
    x, y = json.load(f)
 print x  # => [1, 2, 3, 4]
 print y  # =>  {u'lang': u'python', u'author': u'Guido'}

It's not totally unchanged but often good enough.