Java + MongoDB: Updating multiple fields in a document

Question

I am trying to update at once multiple fields in a single MongoDB document, but only one field is updated. I have a collection user, in which users are uniquely defined by a customer_user_id. I want to update a certain user's birth_year and country fields.

This is what I am doing:

// Define the search query:
DBCollection col = md.getDb().getCollection("user");
BasicDBObject searchQuery = new BasicDBObject("customer_user_id", customer_user_id);

// Define the update query:
BasicDBObject updateQuery = new BasicDBObject();
updateQuery.append("$set", new BasicDBObject().append("birth_year", birth_year);
updateQuery.append("$set", new BasicDBObject().append("country", country);

log.info("Update query: " + updateQuery);
col.update(searchQuery, updateQuery);

Unfortunately, only the country field is updated, and the logged updateQuery looks like this:

Update query: { "$set" : { "country" : "Austria"}}

wawek · Accepted Answer · 2015-10-29 10:57:23Z

24

I cannot verify that but maybe you should try:

BasicDBObject updateFields = new BasicDBObject();
updateFields.append("birth_year", birth_year);
updateFields.append("country", country);
BasicDBObject setQuery = new BasicDBObject();
setQuery.append("$set", updateFields);
col.update(searchQuery, setQuery);

or this is pretty the same I think:

updateQuery.put("$set", new BasicDBObject("country",country).append("birth_year", birth_year));

answered Oct 29, 2015 at 10:57

wawek

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1 Comment

Mike Over a year ago

@wawek, I'm trying your approach and none of the document's field is not updated. I'm querying the documents by _id, which exist and trying to push an update of the specific fields but nothing happens. Code:

BasicDBObject searchQry = new BasicDBObject("_id", epID); BasicDBObject updateFields = new BasicDBObject(); updateFields.append("isExpired", true); updateFields.append("fetchStatus", FetchStatus.FETCHED.getID()); BasicDBObject setQuery = new BasicDBObject(); setQuery.append("$set", updateFields); UpdateResult updRes = dbC_Episodes.updateOne(searchQry, setQuery);

pakat · Accepted Answer · 2018-08-21 11:30:48Z

17

Alternatively, there are convenience methods in com.mongodb.client.model.Updates to do this:

MongoCollection<Document> collection = mongoClient.getDatabase("db").getCollection("user");

collection.updateMany(
    Filters.eq("customer_user_id", customer_user_id),
    Updates.combine(
        Updates.set("birth_year", birth_year),
        Updates.set("country", country)
    ));

Underlying this will create a Bson query with $set as well, but using convenience methods keeps your code more clear and readable.

answered Aug 21, 2018 at 11:30

pakat

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3 Comments

Half_Duplex Over a year ago

According to docs, updateMany updates all documents, not multiple fields in a single MongoDB document.

Dunggeon Over a year ago

Hi @Half_Duplex, can you justify your statement by giving proper example. Also can you share the MongoDB doc link which contains this statement. Thanks

Robert Over a year ago

Does combine create an aggregation pipeline or a normal / traditional update (i.e. a single set statement?

brduca · Accepted Answer · 2018-01-02 15:08:13Z

8

For MongoDB 3.4 you can use

MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection(nameOfCollection);
Bson filter = new Document("SearchKey", Value);   
Bson newValue = new Document("UpdateKey1", "Value1").append("UpdateKey2", "Value2")....;      
Bson updateOperationDocument = new Document("$set", newValue);
collection.updateMany(filter, updateOperationDocument);

edited Jan 2, 2018 at 15:08

brduca

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answered Jan 2, 2018 at 14:41

Elf

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2 Comments

WesternGun Over a year ago

Yeah.. this is the new way.

barrypicker Over a year ago

The new way is not using new Document("$set", new Document("fieldA", "valueA")). The new way is to use com.mongodb.client.model.Updates as answered by @pakat

barrypicker · Accepted Answer · 2020-05-21 19:42:55Z

1

A variation on answer by @pakat...

MongoCollection<Document> collection = mongoClient.getDatabase("db").getCollection("user");

List<Bson> updatePredicates = new ArrayList<Bson>();
Bson predicateBirthYear = set("birth_year", birth_year);
Bson predicateCountry = set("country", country);

updatePredicates.add(predicateBirthYear);
updatePredicates.add(predicateCountry);

collection.updateMany(Filters.eq("customer_user_id", customer_user_id), Updates.combine(updatePredicates));

answered May 21, 2020 at 19:42

barrypicker

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