Get associative array using preg_split

Question

I have 2 issues with my below regex:

1) The output shows 2 extra (blank) element at the beginning and end (can't use PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY as isbn can be empty).

2) Is it possible to get associative array from this? I mean I want output in the form of $output = array("title" => "Book1", "writer" => "writer1", "isbn" => "1234") in this format.

$val = "[title]Book1[/title][writer]Writer1[/writer][isbn]1234[/isbn]";
$pattern = '/\[title](.*?)\[\/title].*?\[writer](.*?)\[\/writer].*?\[isbn](.*?)\[\/isbn]/i';
$allparams = preg_split($pattern, $val, -1, PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE);

Output:

Array ( [0] => [1] => Book1 [2] => Writer1 [3] => 1234 [4] => )

So why are you using preg_split instead of preg_match for a matching job? — Jon
– Jon, Commented Nov 13, 2015 at 20:42
I need those 3 elements separately in an array. Can preg_match achive that? — abdfahim
– abdfahim, Commented Nov 13, 2015 at 20:44
preg_split isn't the right function to do that, you need to use preg_match with named captures and to filter numeric keys from the result array. — Casimir et Hippolyte
– Casimir et Hippolyte, Commented Nov 13, 2015 at 20:51
Also... the pattern can begin and end with any character, such as ~ or # or =. Use something other than / so you don't have to escape / every time you use it in the pattern. — kainaw
– kainaw, Commented Nov 13, 2015 at 20:54

Casimir et Hippolyte · Accepted Answer · 2015-11-13 21:25:10Z

2

preg_split isn't the way to go, use preg_match (or preg_match_all if your want several results from a single string):

$pattern = '~
    \[title]  (?<title>  [^[]+ ) \[/title]  .*?
    \[writer] (?<writer> [^[]+ ) \[/writer] .*?
    \[isbn]   (?<isbn>   [^[]+ ) \[/isbn]
~sx';

if (preg_match($pattern, $yourtext, $m)) {
    echo 'title:  ' . $m['title']  . PHP_EOL
       . 'writer: ' . $m['writer'] . PHP_EOL
       . 'isbn:   ' . $m['isbn']   . PHP_EOL;
}

The s flag allows the dot to match newlines, and the x flag ignores whitespaces in the pattern.

Note that you can filter numeric keys since PHP 5.6 like this (not tested):

$result = array_filter($m, function ($k) { return !is_numeric($k); }, ARRAY_FILTER_USE_KEY);

If you don't have PHP >= 5.6, a simple foreach loop can do the job:

$result = array();
foreach ($m as $k=>$v) {
    if (is_numeric($k) || empty($v)) continue;
    $result[$k] = $v;
}

edited Nov 13, 2015 at 21:25

answered Nov 13, 2015 at 20:58

Casimir et Hippolyte

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2 Comments

abdfahim Over a year ago

wow ..I wasn't aware of such regex syntax. Thanks a lot. One last thing, is it possible to make it work even if some elements are missing (for example no [writer][/writer] block)? So I mean all three elements should be optional, "if found" basis.

Casimir et Hippolyte Over a year ago

@AbdFahim: You can always enclose each bbcode tag in an optional group, like this (?:\[title]...\[/title] .*?)? etc., but don't forget to take care that at least one group exists (perhaps you can start the pattern with a lookahead assertion, something like (?=\[) or (?=\[(?:title|writer|isbn)])) or more simple you check if $m doesn't only contain empty items.

Blag · Accepted Answer · 2015-11-13 21:13:25Z

1

something like that will do the trick, even if it's not the best way I think...

$a = "/\[(.*)\](.*)\[\/.*\]/U";
$val = "[title]Book1[/title][writer]Writer1[/writer][isbn]1234[/isbn]";
$array = json_decode('{'.substr(preg_replace($a, ',"$1":"$2"', $val), 1).'}');

BTW, this one find every [TAG] and put it in the array (whenever how many tag you use). Be careful, as it use JSON, it may have some problem with " or unexpected string not in [tag]string[/tag] pattern.

edited Nov 13, 2015 at 21:13

answered Nov 13, 2015 at 21:02

Blag

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1 Comment

abdfahim Over a year ago

This is intelligent, and serves the purpose. Thanks, I learned something today. This time I'll go with Casimir's solution though.

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