I wanted to make SHA256 hasher that will save both input and output in text file. I searched stackoverflow for answers but it didn't work. I wanted it to write in the text file:
all = str("At: " + date + " you have encrypted: " + text + " into:" + hex_dig)
text_file.write(together)
While the date looks like that:
date = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
It gave me this error in the first line of my sample: TypeError: Can't convert 'bytes' object to str implicitly.
I'm guessing that hex_dig is a bytes object (did you use digest rather than hexdigest to get the hash perhaps?). If that's the case, simply using the right function will sort this out:
sha256_hasher = hashlib.sha256()
sha256_hasher.update(your_data_goes_here)
hex_dig = sha256_hasher.hexdigest()
Otheriwse, and more generally, you're trying to concatenate strs and bytes objects together. You can't do that. You need to convert the bytes object to a string. If it just contains text data you can decode it:
hex_dig = hex_dig.decode("ascii")
Or, if it just contains bytes and you want to see the hex you can use binascii.hexlify (you'll still need to decode as it returns a bytes):
import binascii
hex_dig = binascii.hexlify(hex_dig).decode("ascii")
As an aside, you don't need to wrap a string in the str function call, you only need that if you want to get the string representation of an object that isn't already a string. What you have (or what you want) is already a string so it's a redundant call. You can't try to concatenate things of different types and wrap all that in a str cal and hope python will sort it out for you - it won't (and shouldn't as it's ambiguous - explicit is better than implicit).
date = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
all = "At: %s you have encrypted: %s into: %s" % (date, text, hex_dig)
text_file.write(all)
str call around hex_dig is redundant if you're using a %s format.
I highly recommend the format method for cases like this.
You wrote:
all = str("At: " + date + " you have encrypted: " + text + " into:" + hex_dig)
In format syntax, it would look like this:
all = "At: {} you have encrypted: {} into:{}".format(date,text,hex_dig)
The brilliant thing about format is that it handles conversion of various data types to string (usually) with great ease.
Hint: you can set your {} with {0} {1} {2}, etc. if you want to specify which order and/or repeat place holders.
