How to use SqlCommand to CREATE DATABASE with parameterized db name?

Sadly you can accomplish this by wrapping your DDL operation in a DML operation.

var createDatabaseQuery = "exec ('CREATE DATABASE ' + @databaseName)";

var sqlCommand = new SqlCommand(createDatabaseQuery, sqlConnection);
sqlCommand.Parameters.Add("@databaseName", SqlDbType.Text);
sqlCommand.Parameters["@databaseName"].Value = "HelloWorld";

sqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();

You can only use parameters in places where SQL Server supports them. Unfortunately SQL Server does not support parameterised CREATE DATABASE statements (although I have a feeling the filename parts may support parameters).

You'll need to construct the SQL yourself:

string dataBaseAttachText = "CREATE DATABASE [" + dbName + "] " + 
                              "ON (FILENAME = @filename) " + 
                              "LOG ON (FILENAME = @filenamelog) " + 
                              "FOR ATTACH GO"; 
var cmd = CreateCommand(dataBaseAttachText); 

SetParameter(cmd, "@filename", @"c:\demo_data.mdf"); 
SetParameter(cmd, "@filenamelog", @"c:\demo_data.mdf.LDF"); 

cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); 

CAUTION: this is susceptable to SQL-injection attacks so caremust be taken; if you don't trust the source of the database name, don't do this!

You'll need to make similar changes to the filename parts if those can't be parameterised either.

As a bit of a combination of both Daniel's and Rich's answer. By running a DML query to sp_executesql you can have a dynamically built query, also by using QUOTENAME it should escape any attempts at sql injection someone may pass in.

string dataBaseAttachText = @"
DECLARE @SQLString nvarchar(500);
DECLARE @ParmDefinition nvarchar(500);
SET @SQLString =
     N'CREATE DATABASE ' + QUOTENAME(@dbName) + N' 
       ON (FILENAME = @filename) 
       LOG ON (FILENAME = @filenamelog) 
       FOR ATTACH GO'
SET @ParmDefinition = N'@filename nvarchar(MAX), @filenamelog nvarchar(MAX)'
EXECUTE sp_executesql @SQLString, @ParmDefinition, @filename = @filename, @filenamelog = @filenamelog";

var cmd = CreateCommand(dataBaseAttachText); 

SetParameter(cmd, "@dbname", "Demo");
SetParameter(cmd, "@filename", @"c:\demo_data.mdf"); 
SetParameter(cmd, "@filenamelog", @"c:\demo_data.ldf"); 

cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); 

This should execute the following DML sql query with the proper parameters passed.

CREATE DATABASE [Demo]
       ON (FILENAME = @filename) 
       LOG ON (FILENAME = @filenamelog) 
       FOR ATTACH GO

I solved this problem by creating an extension method to wrap all entities appropriately.

    /// <summary>
    /// Quotes the provided string in a sql friendly way using the standard [ and ] characters 
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="ObjectName">string to quote</param>
    /// <example>
    /// "mytable".QuoteSqlName() would return [mytable] 
    /// "my[complex]table".QuoteSqlName()  would return [my[[complex]]table]
    /// </example>
    /// <returns>quoted string wrapped by quoting characters</returns>
    /// <remarks>For dynamic sql this may need to be called multiple times, one for each level of encapsulation.</remarks>
    public static string QuoteSqlName(this string ObjectName)
    {
        return ObjectName.QuoteSqlName(']');
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Quotes the provided string in a sql friendly way using the provided character
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="ObjectName">string to quote</param>
    /// <param name="QuoteCharacter">Character to quote with, use [ or ] for standard sql quoting</param>
    /// <example>
    /// "mytable".QuoteSqlName() would return [mytable] 
    /// "my[complex]table".QuoteSqlName()  would return [my[[complex]]table]
    /// "justin's computer".QuoteSqlName('\'') would return 'justin''s computer'
    /// </example>
    /// <returns>quoted string wrapped by quoting characters</returns>
    public static string QuoteSqlName(this string ObjectName, char QuoteCharacter)
    {
        return ObjectName.QuoteSqlName(QuoteCharacter, false);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Quotes the provided string in a sql friendly way using the provided character
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="ObjectName">string to quote</param>
    /// <param name="QuoteCharacter">Character to quote with, use [ or ] for standard sql quoting</param>
    /// <param name="IsNvarChar">if true and QuoteCharacter is ' will prefix the quote with N e.g. N'mytable' vs 'mytable'</param>
    /// <example>
    /// "mytable".QuoteSqlName() would return [mytable] 
    /// "my[complex]table".QuoteSqlName()  would return [my[[complex]]table]
    /// "justin's computer".QuoteSqlName('\'') would return 'justin''s computer'
    /// "mytable".QuoteSqlName('\'',false) would reutrn 'mytable'
    /// "mytable".QuoteSqlName('[',true) would return [mytable]
    /// "mytable".QuoteSqlName('\'',true) would reutrn N'mytable'
    /// </example>
    /// <returns>quoted string wrapped by quoting characters</returns>
    public static string QuoteSqlName(this string ObjectName, char QuoteCharacter, bool IsNvarChar)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(ObjectName))
            return ObjectName;

        char OtherQuoteCharacter = (char)0;
        bool UseOtherChar = false;
        if (QuoteCharacter == ']' || QuoteCharacter == '[')
        {
            QuoteCharacter = '[';
            OtherQuoteCharacter = ']';
            UseOtherChar = true;
        }

        var sb = new StringBuilder((int)(ObjectName.Length * 1.5) + 2);
        if (QuoteCharacter == '\'' && IsNvarChar)
            sb.Append('N');

        sb.Append(QuoteCharacter); // start with initial quote character
        for (var i = 0; i < ObjectName.Length; i++)
        {
            sb.Append(ObjectName[i]);
            // if its a quote character, add it again e.g. ] becomes ]]
            if (ObjectName[i] == QuoteCharacter || UseOtherChar && ObjectName[i] == OtherQuoteCharacter)
                sb.Append(ObjectName[i]);
        }
        sb.Append(UseOtherChar ? OtherQuoteCharacter : QuoteCharacter); // finish with other final quote character

        return sb.ToString();
    }

Usage:

var QuotedDBName = this.DBName.QuoteSqlName();
CreateDBQuery.AppendFormat("USE {0};", QuotedDBName);
CreateDBQuery.AppendFormat("IF TYPE_ID({0}) IS NULL", DBType.Name.QuoteSqlName('\'', true));
CreateDBQuery.AppendFormat("    CREATE TYPE {0} as {1};", DBType.Name.QuoteSqlName(), DBType.Value);

I solved this task by calling the build in stored precedure 'sp_executesql'. The connectionstring used to create DB points to 'master'. The complete SQL statement is part of parameter value:

using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(ConnectionString))
{
    using (SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand("sp_executesql", connection))
    {
        command.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
        var sql = $"CREATE DATABASE NewDatabaseName";
        command.Parameters.Add("MyParameterName", SqlDbType.NVarChar).Value = sql;
        connection.Open();
        command.ExecuteNonQuery();
    }
}