I just realized that when I run rails c I'm getting a different database than when I run rails db.
I initially though the console wasn't connecting to the database at all because it kept returning empty sets, for instance when running User.all, despite having seed data. I then inserted data into the database via the console and did a query from the SQLite console. The new data did not appear even after reloading the console.
My confusion is further exacerbated by the fact that I only have the db/development.sqlite3 file and rails r "puts Rails.env" returns Development.
So where might I have gone wrong here? Why is one using the development database and the other seemingly using something else? Could rake db:seed be pushing to Test perhaps? Is there a way to check the SQLite console for the environment?