Executing multiple dependable mysql queries in nodejs

As I can see there are two problems.

1. You can't use transaction with unmanaged pool connection because transaction started for one connection can't be passed to other.
2. You get and release connection for each function. It's unnecessary duplicating code.

To solve this these problems you can use separate connection via entity e.g. one connection for team, second for user and more. To avoid callback hell use async module or promises.

This is draft

// db.js
var mysql=require('../../config/mysql_connect.js');
var connections = {};

// No, that code don't solve problems, because transaction can't started inside other.
// Block mechanism by transaction property `is_busy` seems a bulky.
function DB(name) {
    if (!name)
        // unnamed connection. Must be released on query end.
        return mysql.getConnectionFromPool(); 

    if (!connections[name])
        // create always open connection
        connections[name] = mysql.getConnectionFromPool();

    return connections[name];
}

module.exports = DB;

// team.js
var dateFormat = require('dateformat');
var async = require('async');
var db = require('db')('team'); // get always-open connection for team-entity from pool

function create (data, cb) {
    // Here async is not necessary but used as example
    async.waterfall([
        function(cb) {
            isExists(data.user_id, data.team_name, cb);
        },  

        function(isTeamExists, cb) {
            if (!isTeamExists)
                return cb(); // go to end of waterfall
            // is a bad statement; use enum of fields
            db.query('insert into team SET ?', data, cb); 
        }],

        // end waterfall chain
        function(err, team_id) {
            if (err)
                return cb(err); // pass error to original cb-func

            ...do-smth and call cb without error... 
        }
    );  
}

function isExists (user_id, team_name, cb) {
    // You can use ?? to masked input
    db.query('select 1 from team where user_id = ?? and team_name like "%??%"', 
        [user_id, team_name], 
        function(err, res) {
            cb(err, !err && res.length > 0);
        }
    );
}

module.exports = {
    create,
    isExists
};

This is the basic problem everyone has with JavaScript. I have tried many different ways of solving this over the years.

After experimenting with many options, I believe the best way (that is currently largely accepted) is to use babel with the async/await keywords. If you use the es2017 preset that is one way to ensure that is available.

Now the disclaimer to that is that you will still have to learn promises. If you try to skip over promises to async/await you will quickly find a bunch of promise-based code that does not make sense. Also, async/await requires promises..so you will need to teach yourself that. It will take a bit of time to get used to it.

Another thing that can help in general with JavaScript is to use two spaces instead of four or a tab. That does make your code significantly more readable. Also, place your open curly braces on the same line, and don't add extra blank lines everywhere, only where they are necessary for making the code easier to read.

So, this is not exact code, but an outline of how I would do it:

async function existsTeam(data) {
  const id = await query('select id ..', data);
  return id;
}

async function createTeam(data) {
  const existingId = await existsTeam(data);
  if (existingId) return existingId;

  const result = await query('insert into team ..', data);
  return result.insertId;
}

For the specific case of MySQL, you are trying to enforce a constraint, which I think that MySQL doesn't support foreign key constraints on the db -- but you might double check because if it does that could simplify things. But these types of queries/updates may be easier with Sequelize or Bookshelf ORMs.