Click on submit button, should disable the checkbox button Angular JS

You have to use JavaScript to do this. Make an event listener for the submit button that disables the checkbox and the cancel button that does display: none; to the text input. For info about event listeners visit this site: Event Listeners This is what you should do:

document.getElementById("submit").addEventListener("click", function() {document.getElementById("alertAcknowledged").disabled = true;})
document.getElementById("cancel").addEventListener("click", function() {document.getElementById("text").style.display = "none";})

<td><input type="checkbox" ng-model="alert.acknowledged" ng-disabled="alert.acknowledged" id="alertAcknowledged" ng-click="onacknowledgedClick(alert)"></td>
                        <td>
                            <span ng-if="!alert.acknowledgeInProgress">{{alert.acknowledgedComments}}</span>
                            <div ng-if="alert.acknowledgeInProgress">
                                <input type="text" id="text" style="height:30px; width:150px" ng-model="alert.acknowledgedComments"/>
                                <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary"  ng-click="saveAlert(alert)" id="submit"> Submit </button>
                                <button type="button" id="cancel" class="btn btn-primary"  ng-click="cancelAlert(alert)" data-dismiss="modal"> Cancel </button>

I would avoid using jquery as much as possible in angular. Here's a good read http://tech.zumba.com/2014/08/02/angularjs-forget-jquery/

So, it looks like your ng-disabled="alert.acknowledged" but ng-click="alert.acknowledged" as well. This means when you click the radio button, alert.acknowledged is set to true, so it gets disabled.

You probably want a different value in ng-disabled, maybe ng-disabled="disableRadioBtn", then in your submit controller you can set $scope.disableRadioBtn = false;

add disableCheckbox as a paramet and set it inside the click function.

HTML

<td>
    <input type="checkbox" ng-model="alert.acknowledged" ng-disabled="alert.disableCheckbox" ng-click="onacknowledgedClick(alert)">
</td>
<td>
<span ng-if="!alert.acknowledgeInProgress">{{alert.acknowledgedComments}}</span>
<div ng-if="alert.acknowledgeInProgress">
<input type="text" style="height:30px; width:150px" ng-model="alert.acknowledgedComments"/>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary"  ng-click="saveAlert(alert)"> Submit </button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary"  ng-click="cancelAlert(alert)" data-dismiss="modal"> Cancel </button>

CONTROLLER

$scope.onacknowledgedClick = function(alert){ 
  alert.acknowledgeInProgress = true;   
} 

$scope.saveAlert = function(alert) { 
  /*$scope.alert.acknowledged = true;*/
  alert.disableCheckbox = true; 
  alert.acknowledgeInProgress = true; 
  var alertUrl =  $incidentsUrl+"/"+alert.alertForIncident.incidentID+"/alerts/"+alert.alertID; 

  $http.put(alertUrl, alert).then(function(result) { 
    alert.acknowledgeInProgress = false; 
  });
}