'self' is not defined error while using Tkinter

Question

import tkinter as tk

root = tk.Tk()
root.title('Book')

class phonebook:
    def __init__(self,first_name, last_name, street, postcode, city, number):
        self.first_name = first_name
        self.last_name = last_name
        self.street = street
        self.postcode = postcode
        self.city = city
        self.number = number     

    def create(self):
        creation = tk.Tk()

        tk.Label(creation, text = 'First Name').grid(row = 0, column = 0)
        tk.Label(creation, text = 'Last Name').grid(row = 1, column = 0)
        tk.Label(creation, text = 'Stadt').grid(row = 2, column = 0)
        tk.Label(creation, text = 'Postleitzahl').grid(row = 3, column = 0)
        tk.Label(creation, text = 'Straße').grid(row = 4, column = 0)
        tk.Label(creation, text = 'Telefonnummer').grid(row = 5, column = 0)

        self.first_name = tk.Entry(creation)
        self.last_name = tk.Entry(creation)
        self.street = tk.Entry(creation)
        self.postcode = tk.Entry(creation)
        self.city = tk.Entry(creation)
        self.number = tk.Entry(creation)   


menubar = tk.Menu(root)
root.config(menu = menubar)
menubar.add_command(label = 'Anlegen', command = self.create)
menubar.add_command(label = 'Bearbeiten')
menubar.add_command(label = 'Löschen')
menubar.add_command(label = 'Sortieren')
menubar.add_command(label = 'Suche')
menubar.add_command(label = 'Hilfe')

root.mainloop()

When I try the code above I get this error:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/Lenovo M93p/Dropbox/Uni Dropbox/EPR/EPR_Blatt05_Jonas_Emrich_Karl_Wilhelm_Viebach/geathb.py", line 45, in <module>
    menubar.add_command(label = 'Anlegen', command = self.create)
NameError: name 'self' is not defined

When I change:

menubar.add_command(label = 'Anlegen', command = self.create)

to:

menubar.add_command(label = 'Anlegen', command = phonebook.create)

I get this error:

Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Lenovo M93p\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1550, in __call__
    return self.func(*args)
TypeError: create() missing 1 required positional argument: 'self'

I was trying to change something in the create function, changing the command line, but I get an error every time.

Quickly: create a phonebook object and call the create method on it instead of self.create — Right leg
– Right leg, Commented Dec 16, 2016 at 12:06

Right leg · Accepted Answer · 2016-12-16 12:20:16Z

3

Less quickly:

In your original code, you are calling the create method on self, which is not declared in the scope.

You want to call the create method of the phonebook class, so you must instantiate the latter first. Basically, something like this:

p = phonebook(John, Doe, Evergreen Terrace, 12, Washington, 000)
p.create()

will work as intended. In your situation, you are calling that method through another one, which becomes:

p = phonebook(...)
menubar.add_command(label = 'Anlegen', command = p.create)

Side note

In Python, always name your classes starting with a capital letter, like Phonebook. This will avoid you confusions between classes and instances.

answered Dec 16, 2016 at 12:20

Right leg

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