PHP concatenate strings without whitespace

Question

Let's say that

$result='first';

when I do:

$result.='second';

I got 'first second' instead of 'firstsecond'. How to perfom concatenatation without adding this whitespace?

Edit:

That's the code. It should translate simple string to "pilots alphabet".

function converting($words){
  echo $words;
  global $result;
  $result='';
  for($x=0; $x<strlen($words); $x++){
    switch($words{$x}){
      case ' ':
        $result.=' ';
        break;
      case 'A':
        $result.='Alfa';
        break;
      case 'B':
        $result.='Bravo';
        break;
      case 'C':
        $result.='Charlie';
        break;
      case 'D':
        $result.='Delta';
        break;
      case 'E':
        $result.='Echo';
        break;
      case 'F':
        $result.='Foxtrot';
        break;
      case 'G':
        $result.='Golf';
        break;
      case 'H':
        $result.='Hotel';
        break;
      case 'I':
        $result.='India';
        break;
      case 'J':
        $result.='Juliett';
        break;
      case 'K':
        $result.='Kilo';
        break;
      case 'L':
        $result.='Lima';
        break;
      case 'M':
        $result.='Mike';
        break;
      case 'N':
        $result.='November';
        break;
      case 'O':
        $result.='Oscar';
        break;
      case 'P':
        $result.='Papa';
        break;
      case 'Q':
        $result.='Quebec';
        break;
      case 'R':
        $result.='Romeo';
        break;
      case 'S':
        $result.='Sierra';
        break;
      case 'T':
        $result.='Tango';
        break;
      case 'U':
        $result.='Uniform';
        break;
      case 'V':
        $result.='Victor';
        break;
      case 'W':
        $result.='Whiskey';
        break;
      case 'X':
        $result.='Xray';
        break;
      case 'Y':
        $result.='Yankee';
        break;
      case 'Z':
        $result.='Zulu';
        break;
    }
  }
  return $result;
}

That switch also adds some cases that I have not defined. It is adding other characters to result, like '?' or '!' if they appear in 'words' string.

The .= operator does not add space. The space is already in one of your strings. — Alex Howansky
– Alex Howansky, Commented Oct 4, 2017 at 19:40
as above, but if you need to you could use trim() on the string before concatenation — user8011997
– user8011997, Commented Oct 4, 2017 at 19:42
The only space in the output is from the space in the input string, which is because of case ' ': — Barmar
– Barmar, Commented Oct 4, 2017 at 19:55

Erik · Accepted Answer · 2017-10-04 20:07:39Z

3

While I can't identify your problem (other posters are correct, your code is essentially right, the problem must be in the souce string), you may want to consider this somewhat more simple solution:

<?php

function phoneticAlphabetTranslation($word) {
    $translations = [
        ' ' => ' ',
        'a' => 'Alpha',
        'b' => 'Beta',
        'c' => 'Charlie',
    ];

    return str_ireplace(array_keys($translations), array_values($translations), $word);
}

echo phoneticAlphabetTranslation('abAC');

each of the keys in $translations will be mapped to its value in the supplied string. Added benefit of being case-insensitive. If you don't desire case-insensitivity, just replace str_ireplace with str_replace.

answered Oct 4, 2017 at 20:07

Erik

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1 Comment

Sheb Over a year ago

Thanks a lot! I am learning php since 2 days so that will be very helpful.

JParkinson1991 · Accepted Answer · 2017-10-04 19:43:48Z

2

You may already have invisible whitespace in your strings.

Try passing the strings through trim before adding to the $result variable

$result = trim('first');
$result .= trim('second');
echo $result;

Alternatively remove all whitespace after joining.

echo str_replace(" ", "", $result)

answered Oct 4, 2017 at 19:43

JParkinson1991

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