I had the same kind of issue than @Tom with tooltips for buttons on a jw-modal popover. The tooltips ware displaying underneath the front most layer.
You can point that out either by playing with the matTooltipPosition value or with the transparency of the background from the layer on top of which your tooltip should appear.
His solution worked for me except that @Tom was a bit shy with his z-index value. It seems that z-index max value is the one of an integer. Using a 2 billions value should be ok, or maybe 16 millions safer for maximum browser compatibility, at least to check if it fix the issue, there are not so many cases where tooltips shouldn't be on top of anything else. In my case the modal z-index was 10000 so using 10010 instead of 9999 just worked.
An other concern is that ::ng-deep is marked deprecated as of Angular 17 because it violates angular style encapsulation policy if I understood right. I have tested a bunch of alternatives I found online but none of them seem to work. It sounds like any straightforward replacement would by nature break style encapsulation anyway.