Python to PHP for-loop array

Question

I'm busy translating a piece of python to PHP. PHP i know, but Python not so much.

Of all the code, I have 5 lines left which I can not translate. Is there someone who is willing to help me with this?

items = []
items.append(s0 >> 0)
items.append(s0 >> 8)
items.append((s0 >> 16) | (s1 << 5))
items.append(s1 >> 3)

newb = b''
for i in items:
        tmp = i.to_bytes((i.bit_length() + 7) // 8, byteorder='little')
        localnewbyte = bytes([tmp[0]])
        newb += localnewbyte

The above part should be something like this, if I'm correct:

    $aItems = [];
    $aItems[] = ($s0 >> 0);
    $aItems[] = ($s0 >> 8);
    $aItems[] = (($s0 >> 16) | ($s1 << 5));
    $aItems[] = ($s1 >> 3);

    for($i = 0; $i < count($aItems); $i++)
    {
    }

But this is as far as I get, please help. Thanks!

localnewbyte will be a “bytes” object, which is an immutable sequence of integers in the range 0 <= x < 256, so what would this be in PHP an array??? — AbraCadaver
– AbraCadaver, Commented Jan 3, 2018 at 20:50

Foo Bar · Accepted Answer · 2020-12-14 22:52:51Z

Step 0: Understand the input. Without knowing what values s0 and s1 represent:

s0 is a sequence of at least 3 bytes. I'm going to assume 4:

<byte-4><byte-3><byte-2><byte-1>

s1 is at least 1 byte. I'm going to assume 1, with the following bits (some of which are ones):

abcdefgh

The first 5 lines of code lead to the following array:

aItem = [
    <byte-4><byte-3><byte-2><byte-1>, 
    <byte-4><byte-3><byte-2>, 
    <byte-4><byte-3> or 000abcdefgh00000, 
    000abcde ]

Now we can start answering the question. Line by line:

    newb = b''      # initialize an empty byte literal
    for i in items: # loop over the aItem array
        tmp = i.to_bytes((i.bit_length() + 7) // 8, byteorder='little')
            # little-endian byte order array, with any leading 0 bytes removed.
        localnewbyte = bytes([tmp[0]])
            # the first byte of tmp, which is the rightmost byte in aItem.
        newb += localnewbyte
            # add that byte to newb.

The result is anti-climactic, a 4 byte literal. Depending on whether s0 has 3+ significant bytes or not:

<byte-1><byte-2><byte-3>000abcde

or

<byte-1><byte-2>fgh00000000abcde

I'm sure there are many easier ways to achieve this result than the provided code. Did it come from an obfuscated code competition?

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