error when trying to use keras.utils.plot_model

Question

I am trying to make a plot/graph of deep learning model in Python using Keras package but unfortunately it keeps giving me an error which is not very informative.

I run python on Linux with Python 3.5.2, Anaconda 4.2.0, Keras 2.1.6 and I use tensorflow-gpu 1.7.0 Backend.

Here is the error message:

keras.utils.plot_model(unet, to_file='model.png', show_shapes=False, show_layer_names=True, rankdir='TB')

['dot', '-Tps', '/tmp/tmphesl1j0c'] return code: 127

stdout, stderr:
 b''
b'dot: error while loading shared libraries: libexpat.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory\n'

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
AssertionError                            Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-9-60bb0e3b97bd> in <module>()
----> 1 keras.utils.plot_model(unet, to_file='model.png', show_shapes=False, show_layer_names=True, rankdir='TB')

/.../anaconda3-4.2.0/lib/python3.5/site-packages/keras/utils/vis_utils.py in plot_model(model, to_file, show_shapes, show_layer_names, rankdir)
    132             'LR' creates a horizontal plot.
    133     """
--> 134     dot = model_to_dot(model, show_shapes, show_layer_names, rankdir)
    135     _, extension = os.path.splitext(to_file)
    136     if not extension:

/.../anaconda3-4.2.0/lib/python3.5/site-packages/keras/utils/vis_utils.py in model_to_dot(model, show_shapes, show_layer_names, rankdir)
     53     from ..models import Sequential
     54 
---> 55     _check_pydot()
     56     dot = pydot.Dot()
     57     dot.set('rankdir', rankdir)

/.../anaconda3-4.2.0/lib/python3.5/site-packages/keras/utils/vis_utils.py in _check_pydot()
     24         # Attempt to create an image of a blank graph
     25         # to check the pydot/graphviz installation.
---> 26         pydot.Dot.create(pydot.Dot())
     27     except OSError:
     28         raise OSError(

/.../anaconda3-4.2.0/lib/python3.5/site-packages/pydot.py in create(self, prog, format, encoding)
   1882                      out=stdout_data,
   1883                      err=stderr_data))
-> 1884         assert p.returncode == 0, p.returncode
   1885         return stdout_data

AssertionError: 127

I would really appreciate if somebody could help me with this error.

Note: both pydot and graphviz are intalled

@AshishSaini yes it was some compatibility issue. I can't recall exactly what it was right now. But try some of the suggestions from this thread — Sabrina
– Sabrina, Commented May 26, 2021 at 19:09

Josef · Accepted Answer · 2021-07-01 05:46:29Z

7

For me solution was to import like this:

from keras.utils.vis_utils import plot_model

edited Jul 1, 2021 at 5:46

Josef

3,6522 gold badges26 silver badges27 bronze badges

answered Jun 30, 2021 at 13:12

DomagojM

1111 silver badge4 bronze badges

Sign up to request clarification or add additional context in comments.

2 Comments

user14185615 Over a year ago

Thank you! I am surprised that this was answered just 19 hours before I faced the problem. You saved my day!

Michael Chao Over a year ago

It doesn't work for me. AttributeError: module 'keras.api._v2.keras.utils' has no attribute 'vis_utils' I use from tensorflow.keras.utils import plot_model instead.

smoothware · Accepted Answer · 2019-01-02 09:03:57Z

6

For me the solution was:

conda install pydotplus (pydot-ng was not installable with tensorflow-gpu it said).
Search for viz_utils.py in anaconda directory and open all of them. Make sure everywhere pydot is imported, it is done the following way:

try:
  # pydot-ng is a fork of pydot that is better maintained.
  import pydot_ng as pydot
except ImportError:
  # pydotplus is an improved version of pydot
  try:
    import pydotplus as pydot
  except ImportError:
    # Fall back on pydot if necessary.
    try:
      import pydot
    except ImportError:
      pydot = None

There was one of the files where it just said import pyplot. After changing that, it worked for me.

answered Jan 2, 2019 at 9:03

smoothware

9589 silver badges21 bronze badges

Comments

Kymbat Taalaibekova · Accepted Answer · 2021-04-19 06:41:31Z

6

I changed keras.utils to tensorflow.keras.utils and it helped me

answered Apr 19, 2021 at 6:41

Kymbat Taalaibekova

711 silver badge2 bronze badges

1 Comment

Christian Gold Over a year ago

and is now: tensorflow.python.keras.utils

Mahdi Rafatjah · Accepted Answer · 2019-01-01 22:05:05Z

1

It seems like that there are some compatibility issue ! (Link)

Installing Graphviz and adding it to paths works for me.

answered Jan 1, 2019 at 22:05

Mahdi Rafatjah

1,0921 gold badge12 silver badges30 bronze badges

Comments

Sparsh Singhal · Accepted Answer · 2021-04-27 07:25:04Z

1

If you are running an IDE like PyCharm, after installing pydot and installing Graphviz(also adding it to the environment PATH variable. eg C:\Program Files\Graphviz\bin. see here https://www.architectryan.com/2018/03/17/add-to-the-path-on-windows-10/), you should restart the IDE.

If you are working in a virtual environment, I would suggest deactivate and restart the terminal and activate the virtual environment again.

Reason - the package is trying to locate graphviz from os.environ['PATH'], and somehow it was not updated to show graphviz in the path. After restarting Pycharm, I found os.environ['PATH'] was properly updated and the plot_model function worked correctly.

answered Apr 27, 2021 at 7:25

Sparsh Singhal

111 bronze badge

Comments

Bogdan Ivchenko · Accepted Answer · 2022-07-02 22:49:18Z

1

For me, there was an error where I didn't put '' over model.png in.

plot_model(model, to_file= 'model.png' , show_shapes=True)

answered Jul 2, 2022 at 22:49

Bogdan Ivchenko

111 bronze badge

1 Comment

Community Over a year ago

Your answer could be improved with additional supporting information. Please edit to add further details, such as citations or documentation, so that others can confirm that your answer is correct. You can find more information on how to write good answers in the help center.

Luca · Accepted Answer · 2020-02-14 16:58:45Z

0

I solved the issue commenting line 117 program += extension in pydot.py

answered Feb 14, 2020 at 16:58

Luca

1,8702 gold badges23 silver badges38 bronze badges

Comments

ahmed almindelawy · Accepted Answer · 2021-07-09 06:45:10Z

0

from keras.utils.vis_utils import plot_model
keras.utils.vis_utils.plot_model(
csf1, to_file='model.png', show_shapes=True, show_dtype=True,
show_layer_names=True, rankdir='TB', expand_nested=True, dpi=96
)

You can use this code, it works with my project correctly.

answered Jul 9, 2021 at 6:45

ahmed almindelawy

36 bronze badges

Comments

Michael Chao · Accepted Answer · 2022-02-16 05:48:20Z

0

The following code works for me:

conda install -c anaconda graphviz
conda install pydotplus

Just open your terminal and run the commands. Then you should be fine.

answered Feb 16, 2022 at 5:48

Michael Chao

8801 gold badge8 silver badges17 bronze badges

Comments

Kinnari Bhalerao · Accepted Answer · 2022-06-14 17:47:14Z

0

Even I was facing this error since past 2 days.

I did the following:

conda uninstall pyplot
conda uninstall pyplotplus
conda uninstall graphviz

Then, I once again installed all these three packages.

conda install pyplot
conda install pyplotplus
conda install graphviz

Hope this helps!

answered Jun 14, 2022 at 17:47

Kinnari Bhalerao

1

Comments

Gundyabhau Dandekar · Accepted Answer · 2023-10-09 06:41:15Z

0

Try this way

import keras
keras.utils.plot_model(Your_Parameters)

or

from keras.utils import plot_model
plot_model(Your_Parameters)

edited Oct 9, 2023 at 6:41

answered Oct 9, 2023 at 6:39

Gundyabhau Dandekar

12 bronze badges

Comments

amrita yadav · Accepted Answer · 2025-02-11 12:36:13Z

0

I faced the same issue, and it was resolved by changing the rankdir parameter.

Graphviz can have trouble rendering large vertical graphs. Try changing the orientation:

keras.utils.plot_model(model, to_file="model.png", show_shapes=True, rankdir="LR")

answered Feb 11 at 12:36

amrita yadav

4023 silver badges14 bronze badges

Comments

f4. · Accepted Answer · 2018-06-22 23:47:35Z

-1

the comment says

 24         # Attempt to create an image of a blank graph
 25         # to check the pydot/graphviz installation.

so I suppose you need to install graphviz and pydot

assuming you are on ubuntu or similar:

sudo apt install graphviz

and in your anaconda env:

pip install pydot

answered Jun 22, 2018 at 23:47

f4.

3,8521 gold badge26 silver badges30 bronze badges

4 Comments

Sabrina Over a year ago

Both pydot and graphviz are installed

f4. Over a year ago

can you run pydot.Dot.create(pydot.Dot()) in a python shell? I did the above 2 and it works for me, I am not using anaconda though

Sabrina Over a year ago

I am not use but I think there is a mistake with (). I tried different combinations of () but every time it says Badly placed ()'s

f4. Over a year ago

idk, I did exactly the above (apt, pip, and the python line) and it works, both with python 2.7 and 3.5

Collectives™ on Stack Overflow

error when trying to use keras.utils.plot_model

13 Answers 13

2 Comments

Comments

1 Comment

Comments

Comments

1 Comment

Comments

Comments

Comments

Comments

Comments

Comments

4 Comments

Your Answer

Linked

Hot Network Questions

Collectives™ on Stack Overflow

13 Answers 13

2 Comments

Comments

1 Comment

Comments

Comments

1 Comment

Comments

Comments

Comments

Comments

Comments

Comments

4 Comments

Your Answer

Sign up or log in

Post as a guest

Linked

Related