Python - Error (not all arguments converted during string formatting) when calling a function

Question

I am trying to call a sql script using python as below:

def employees(email_address):
    cursor = conn.cursor() .  <- DB Connection
    cursor.execute("""select name from employees where email_address =(%s)""", (email_address))
    employee = cursor.fetchall()

This returns an error

TypeError: not all arguments converted during string formatting

Could anyone advice as to where am I going wrong in the above. Thanks

I will asume you are using pymysql. In such case, use email_address = %(email_address)s, and use {'email_address': email_address} as the second parameter. — halfelf
– halfelf, Commented Dec 6, 2018 at 9:36
postgre then. I guess it's the same API, specified by PEP 249. — halfelf
– halfelf, Commented Dec 6, 2018 at 9:39

Guimoute · Accepted Answer · 2018-12-06 09:47:04Z

1

~~You need to add a % instead of a comma after the string:~~

Edit: my bad, actually you need to pass your arguments as a tuple so you want to use (email_address,) instead of (email_address):

def employees(email_address):
    cursor = conn.cursor() .  <- DB Connection
    cursor.execute("""select name from employees where email_address =(%s)""", (email_address,))
    employee = cursor.fetchall()

edited Dec 6, 2018 at 9:47

answered Dec 6, 2018 at 9:32

Guimoute

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3 Comments

Daniel Roseman Over a year ago

No, you absolutely do not. This would bypass the parameterisation functionality and leave the code open to SQL injection.

Guimoute Over a year ago

Then how do you put a variable in a string in Python without using % or .format?

Daniel Roseman Over a year ago

This isn't "put a variable in a string". This is "insert a parameter into an SQL query".

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