Diving deeper into JavaScript, the language is hard to understand. JavaScript is not really OOP (imho), at least it does not implement the common OOP concept. Some call it object-based language. There are no classes. Recent ECMA Script standards do implement the class keyword, however, it is syntax sugar. Used with the new keyword it builds the same objects as you can achieve by 'constructor' functions.
Everything in JavaScript is an object, even numbers and functions. Every function can act as constructor function. The new keyword call a constructor function with a newly creates empty object as the function's this context. The function can do what it wants. If it does not return anything, its this context is returned by the new expression.
Since there are no classes, there is no inheritance. Some inheritance-like behavior is achieved by the prototype concept. In most cases the constructor will return nothing and sometimes modify the this object by adding properties. Methods are properties holding a function object. The object in the new context of a constructor call will have a prototype object reference as the __proto__ property. This is copied by the new operator from the prototype property of the called constructor function. The default is an empty object.
// empty constructor function
function OrderRepository() {
}
// define a function property on the constructor's prototype object
OrderRepository.prototype.getYesterdaysOrders = function
getYesterdaysOrders() {
var yesterdaysOrders = [ /* array of objects */ ],
return yesterdaysOrders;
};
// create an empty object with a `__proto__` property holding a
// reference to the object { getYesterdaysOrders: function(){/*code*/} }
var obj = new OrderRepository();
Now, when the method invocation obj.getYesterdaysOrders() is tried, JavaScript will look if there is such a property defined in obj. If not, it looks if there is a reference in obj.__proto__ and the property name is searched the properties of obj.__proto__. If not, the same step is repeated until it was found or the __proto__ property in the chain is null. Since obj.__proto__.getYesterdaysOrders is defined, it is checked if it is a callable function object and finally invoked with a this context of obj since we called obj.getYesterdaysOrders(). Otherwise an error is thrown.
NOTE: Even if the major browsers do expose the __proto__ property, it is not part of the standards. Do not use it directly (except for debugging at development time) and even more important: do not manipulate it. If you really need to get or manipulate a prototype (__proto__) of an object instance after construction, use the methods of the builtin Object object.
Upon your last edit: Your expected code would define a new function object in prototype on each instantiation (and thus constructor invocation). This is not what you want, it's just needless overhead.
