What are the pros/cons of using postgresql instead of mysql?
The PostgreSQL Optimizer is much better, much better datatype support, faster for anything advanced like triggers/ etc. , really ACID compliant (not like InnoDB which is a fake), triggers on views, good GIS support, lots of advanced stuff and much much more
Is the conversion worth the effort?
No, Drupal is not about advanced SQL and you should not see much improvement switching from MySQL to PostgreSQL, and as already mentioned you would lose some compatibility (i.e. everyone uses mysql for drupal more or less).