Create a pdf file, write in it and return its byte stream with PyMuPDF

Question

Using PyMuPDF, I need to create a PDF file, write some text into it, and return its byte stream.

This is the code I have, but it uses the filesystem to create and save the file:

    import fitz
    path = "PyMuPDF_test.pdf"
    doc = fitz.open()
    page = doc.newPage()
    where = fitz.Point(50, 100)
    page.insertText(where, "PDF created with PyMuPDF", fontsize=50)
    doc.save(path)  # Here Im saving to the filesystem
    with open(path, "rb") as file:
        return io.BytesIO(file.read()).getvalue()

Is there a way I can create a PDF file, write some text in it, and return its byte stream without using the filesystem?

I think this problem already was on Stackoverflow - if save() accepts file-like object or file-handler then you can use io.BytesIO in save() — furas
– furas, Commented Jan 28, 2021 at 23:46
BTW: using filesystem you can write it much simpler return open(path, "rb").read() — furas
– furas, Commented Jan 28, 2021 at 23:49

furas · Accepted Answer · 2025-03-25 15:39:49Z

Checking save() I found write() which gives it directly as bytes

import fitz

#path = "PyMuPDF_test.pdf"

doc = fitz.open()
page = doc.newPage()
where = fitz.Point(50, 100)
page.insertText(where, "PDF created with PyMuPDF", fontsize=50)

print(doc.write())

EDIT: 2025.03

It seems they change something in module.
I can't find write() in documentation but doc.write() still works.
But in documentation there is new function tobytes() for this.

And save() can work with file-like object so it can use io.BytesIO()

import fitz

print('version:', fitz.__version__)  # 1.25.3

doc = fitz.open()
page = doc.new_page()  # newPage()
where = fitz.Point(50, 100)
page.insert_text(where, "PDF created with PyMuPDF", fontsize=50)
 
print('\n--- version 1 - write() ---\n')

print(doc.write())

print('\n--- version 2 - tobytes() ---\n')

print(doc.tobytes())

print('\n--- version 3 - io.BytesIO().getvalue() ---\n')

import io

file_like_object = io.BytesIO()
doc.save(file_like_object)
print(file_like_object.getvalue())

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