Without access to (or experience with matlab) this is going to be a bit tricky. As Amro stated, .fig files store the underlying data, and not just an image, and you're going to have a hard time saving .fig files from python. There are however a couple of things which might work in your favour, these are:
- numpy/scipy can read and write matlab .mat files
- the matplotlib plotting commands are very similar to/ based on the matlab ones, so the code to generate plots from the data is going to be nearly identical (modulo round/square brackets and 0/1 based indexing).
My approach would be to write your data out as .mat files, and then just put your plotting commands in a script and give that to your supervisor - with any luck it shouldn't be too hard for him to recreate the plots based on that information.
If you had access to Matlab to test/debug, I'm sure it would be possible to create some code which automagically created .mat files and a matlab .m file which would recreate the figures.
There's a neat list of matlab/scipy equivalent commands on the scipy web site.
good luck!