Converting python byte code to regular python code

Question

How do I convert the following byte code to normal python code? I got this code by decompiling a pyc file. Some of the code was decompiled to its original code but the majority did not. Any idea how I can get this byte code to its source code?

L. 174       396  BUILD_LIST_0          0
             398  STORE_FAST               'javascripts'

L. 177       400  SETUP_LOOP          490  'to 490'
             402  LOAD_GLOBAL              range
             404  LOAD_CONST               0
             406  LOAD_GLOBAL              len
             408  LOAD_FAST                'incident_tags'
             410  CALL_FUNCTION_1       1  '1 positional argument'
             412  CALL_FUNCTION_2       2  '2 positional arguments'
             414  GET_ITER
             416  FOR_ITER            488  'to 488'
             418  STORE_FAST               'i'

L. 178       420  LOAD_GLOBAL              str
             422  LOAD_FAST                'incident_tags'
             424  LOAD_FAST                'i'
             426  BINARY_SUBSCR
             428  LOAD_ATTR                text
             430  CALL_FUNCTION_1       1  '1 positional argument'
             432  LOAD_GLOBAL              list_of_incidents
             434  COMPARE_OP               not-in
         436_438  POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE   462  'to 462'

L. 179       440  LOAD_FAST                'javascripts'
             442  LOAD_METHOD              append
             444  LOAD_FAST                'incident_tags'
             446  LOAD_FAST                'i'
             448  BINARY_SUBSCR
             450  LOAD_METHOD              get_attribute
             452  LOAD_STR                 'href'
             454  CALL_METHOD_1         1  '1 positional argument'
             456  CALL_METHOD_1         1  '1 positional argument'
             458  POP_TOP
             460  JUMP_BACK           416  'to 416'
           462_0  COME_FROM           436  '436'

L. 181       462  LOAD_GLOBAL              print
             464  LOAD_STR                 'Ignore '
             466  LOAD_FAST                'incident_tags'
             468  LOAD_FAST                'i'
             470  BINARY_SUBSCR
             472  LOAD_ATTR                text
             474  BINARY_ADD
             476  LOAD_STR                 '. It is already completed.'
             478  BINARY_ADD
             480  CALL_FUNCTION_1       1  '1 positional argument'
             482  POP_TOP
         484_486  JUMP_BACK           416  'to 416'
             488  POP_BLOCK
           490_0  COME_FROM_LOOP      400  '400'

L. 184   490_492  SETUP_LOOP         3694  'to 3694'
             494  LOAD_GLOBAL              range
             496  LOAD_CONST               0
             498  LOAD_GLOBAL              len
             500  LOAD_FAST                'javascripts'
             502  CALL_FUNCTION_1       1  '1 positional argument'
             504  CALL_FUNCTION_2       2  '2 positional arguments'
             506  GET_ITER
           508_0  COME_FROM           636  '636'
         508_510  FOR_ITER           3692  'to 3692'
             512  STORE_FAST               'i'

L. 187       514  LOAD_FAST                'self'
             516  LOAD_ATTR                driver
             518  LOAD_METHOD              execute_script
             520  LOAD_FAST                'javascripts'
             522  LOAD_FAST                'i'
             524  BINARY_SUBSCR
             526  CALL_METHOD_1         1  '1 positional argument'
             528  POP_TOP

L. 189       530  LOAD_GLOBAL              time
             532  LOAD_METHOD              sleep
             534  LOAD_CONST               1
             536  CALL_METHOD_1         1  '1 positional argument'
             538  POP_TOP

It's not something available in standard Python, and I'm not aware of any 3rd-party tools that do this kind of conversion. — chepner
– chepner, Commented Sep 20, 2021 at 17:22
Some potential tools are listed in this question: stackoverflow.com/questions/1149513/… — match
– match, Commented Sep 20, 2021 at 17:23
This wouldn't be trivial, there's not just some built-in function that will do this. You'd be better off googling for projects that already exist. Of course, this is going to be very version dependent. — juanpa.arrivillaga
– juanpa.arrivillaga, Commented Sep 20, 2021 at 17:25
This amount of bytecode is trivial to decompile by hand. Are you really asking about some larger, unspecified body of code? — Davis Herring
– Davis Herring, Commented Sep 20, 2021 at 22:49

TheEagle · Accepted Answer · 2021-09-27 16:33:24Z

2

I suggest you use the uncompyle6 module. (You need the raw .pyc or .pyo file though). To install, run

~$ pip install uncompyle6

Then, to decompile any Python bytecode file, run

~$ uncompyle6 path/to/bytecode/file.pyc

For an overview of all available options, run

~$ uncompyle6 -h

It supports all Python versions from 2.4 to 3.8. You can find the project' homepage at https://github.com/rocky/python-uncompyle6.

answered Sep 27, 2021 at 16:33

TheEagle

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mkrieger1 · Accepted Answer · 2025-07-30 07:37:22Z

I achieved this using by importing the dis module and using the dir() method to get the __code__ of each function, further used the dir() to get the co_code and finally using dis function to get the bytecodes.

The process is really tedious but it gave me the results I was looking for and can be automated if you understand the concept.

def add(a,b):
    return a+b

# This displays all attributes available to the add function.
# There are tons of them but I'm only interested in the __code__.
dir(add)
my_object = add.__code__

# This displays a list of available attributes to the code object (my_object) but 
# I'm only interested in the co_code attribute.
dir(my_object)
code = my_object.co_code

# Convert the co_code object to list.  This displays the bytecode but to
# view it in human readable form use dis.opname
list(code)
import dis

# To view all available attributes.  I'm interested in a only few of them.
dir(dis) 
dis.opname()  # supply the bytecode value.

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