Javascript: setting object properties

Question

I want to be able to do this:

var user1 = {
  name: 'John',
  gender: 'male'
}


var user2 = {
  name: 'James',
  gender: 'male',
  email: '[email protected]'
}

user1.someSetMethod({email: '[email protected]'});
user2.someSetMethod({name: 'Jenny', gender: 'female'});

Desired Outcome:

var user1 = {
  name: 'John',
  gender: 'male',
  email: '[email protected]'
}


var user2 = {
  name: 'Jenny',
  gender: 'female',
  email: '[email protected]'
}

I want a method that will set attributes according to what is passed into the function. Is the attribute doesn't exist I want it to be created, if it does, I want it to be overwritten.

Does a method like this exist in Javascript?

jQuery has a very nice extend method: api.jquery.com/jQuery.extend — Mark Biek
– Mark Biek, Commented Nov 4, 2011 at 12:48

John Strickler · Accepted Answer · 2011-11-04 12:53:23Z

6

This is normally called extending your object. Virtually every JavaScript library has its own method to do this. Or you can write your own in a few lines of code.

Using jQuery's method, you'd do it like so:

var user1 = {
  name: 'John',
  gender: 'male'
};

$.extend(user1, {
  email: '[email protected]'
});

user1.email === '[email protected]'; //true

edited Nov 4, 2011 at 12:53

answered Nov 4, 2011 at 12:47

John Strickler

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1 Comment

mcmlxxxvi Over a year ago

Or in plain JS: var user1 = { name: 'John', gender: 'male' }; user1["email"] = "[email protected]";

Raynos · Accepted Answer · 2011-11-04 12:46:32Z

3

No, You don't want to do this.

The only way to add a method to all objects is to extend Object.prototype.

Doing so (in ES3 browsers like IE8) has a consequence of adding properties to enumerations.

For example:

Object.prototype.extend = function (o) {
  // clone properties of o into this
};

var someObj = {};
for (var key in someObj) {
  console.log(key); // "extend"
}

The best you can do is use Object.extend

Object.extend(user2, {
  name: "Jenny",
  gender: "female"
});

pd has an implementation of extend or you can use:

Object.extend = function (target, source) {
  for (var key in source) {
    target[key] = source[key];
  }
};

answered Nov 4, 2011 at 12:46

Raynos

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4 Comments

Raynos Over a year ago

@pagewil :\ I'm telling you what you want to do can't be done sensible, but you can use an alternative.

wilsonpage Over a year ago

Thanks this is more detailed :)

wilsonpage Over a year ago

I am actually requiring it in a NodeJS context, should have mentioned earlier really.

Raynos Over a year ago

@pagewil require("pd").extendNatives() ;)

Malevolence · Accepted Answer · 2011-11-04 12:51:33Z

2

If you are willing to use jquery, you can use it's extend method, along with some defaults that will make sure all of the properties you want are set correctly.

Something like this:

function whatever(obj1) {
    var defaults = {
        name: 'Foo Bar',
        email: '[email protected]',
        gender: 'male'
    };

    return $.extend(defaults, obj1);
}

answered Nov 4, 2011 at 12:51

Malevolence

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