Python nested package issue

Question

I have been trying to fix this for a bit, and I must be missing something basic here (forgive me, I am relatively new to Python development):

I have a package structure like this:

base
|
 -->util
    __init__.py
    Class1.py
    Class2.py
__init__.py
Main.py

My classes are fairly benign:

class Class1(object):

    def __init__(self):

    # some methods...


class Class2(object):

    def __init__(self):

    # more methods...

In the Main.py, I have:

import utils

if __name__ == '__main__':
    c1 = utils.Class1()
    c2 = utils.Class2()

My PYTHONPATH is setup to include src, src\base, and src\base\utils. But, Python gives me this error when trying to run Main.py:

AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'Class1'

Has someone encountered this, and do you know how to fix it? Thanks!

Do not name files as the classes inside. Thats a bad habbit as you don't know if sth is a class or a package. Use lowercase-only names for modules (files). — Mariusz Jamro
– Mariusz Jamro, Commented Feb 29, 2012 at 22:57

turtlebender · Accepted Answer · 2012-02-29 22:55:31Z

5

This is a little different than Java. In java each file is usually a class, in python, each file is a module. Given the scenario you describe here, you would do:

import utils.Class1
import utils.Class2

if __name__ == '__main__':
    c1 = utils.Class1.Class1()
    c2 = utils.Class2.Class2()

You could do a number of things here. For example, you could have a module called "resources" like this:

base ->
    utils ->
        resources.py

which contains both Class1 and Class2. Then you could do something like:

import utils.resources


c1 = utils.resources.Class1()

etc. But the key is that classes != files in python

answered Feb 29, 2012 at 22:55

turtlebender

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1 Comment

mevatron Over a year ago

Thanks! That hit the nail on the head :) I was incorrectly leveraging previous OO knowledge :)

Not_a_Golfer · Accepted Answer · 2012-02-29 22:53:19Z

0

did you import your classes into the main.py of the utils module? just add to utils/init.py:

from Class1 import Class1
from Class2 import Class2

then in your main.py, "import utils" will import those files as utils.Class1 etc

answered Feb 29, 2012 at 22:53

Not_a_Golfer

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