Code:
n=3
x=np.fromfunction(lambda i,j: (i==1)and(j==1), (n,n), dtype=int)
leads to "ValueError: The truth value of an array with more than one element is ambiguous. Use a.any() or a.all()"
What's the problem?
The documentation is misleading. The function isn't called repeatedly with the indices of each individual cell; it's called once, with index arrays representing the indices of all the cells at once. The return value of this one function call is returned directly:
>>> numpy.fromfunction(lambda *args: 1, (2, 2))
1
>>> numpy.fromfunction(lambda *args: args, (2, 2))
(array([[ 0., 0.],
[ 1., 1.]]), array([[ 0., 1.],
[ 0., 1.]]))
You'll need to change your function to operate that way:
lambda i, j: (i==1) & (j==1)
# ^ elementwise bitwise and