It appears that with current Wordpress (I'm on 4.9.4), TinyMCE does the filtering directly on the editor screen, not when the form is submitted. The allowedtags and allowedposttags don't seem to matter, so the solution above does not solve the problem for me.
The method I have developed uses the tiny_mce_before_init filter to alter the allowed tags within TinyMCE. The trick is to add the extended_valid_elements setting with the updated versions of the elements allowed for a.
First, look in the page http://archive.tinymce.com/wiki.php/Configuration3x:valid_elements to find the current value for a, which right now is
a[rel|rev|charset|hreflang|tabindex|accesskey|type|name|href|target|title|class|onfocus|onblur]
And add to the end of that the onclick attribute:
a[rel|rev|charset|hreflang|tabindex|accesskey|type|name|href|target|title|class|onfocus|onblur|onclick]
Then use that in the filter function like this:
function allow_button_onclick_mce($settings) {
$settings['extended_valid_elements'] = "a[rel|rev|charset|hreflang|tabindex|accesskey|type|name|href|target|title|class|onfocus|onblur|onclick]";
return $settings;
}
add_filter('tiny_mce_before_init', 'allow_button_onclick_mce');
which you install in your functions.php file in Wordpress. You can see it in action by toggling the text and visual view on the edit page. Without the extended list, the onclick goes away. With it, it remains.
$allowedposttagsbefore filtering HTML. You could try creating a plugin, or adding code to your theme's functions.php file (if that still exists), to whitelist theonclickattribute of the anchor node.