How to efficiently find similar strings in a unique string in JavaScript?

// Sample data with lots of similar names
const names = ["Adela","Adelaida","Adelaide","Adele","Adelia","AdeLina","Adeline",
               "Adell","AdellA","Adelle","Ardelia","Ardell","Ardella","Ardelle",
               "Ardis","Madeline","Odelia","ODELL","Odessa","Odette"];

const map = {};
const pairs = new Set;
for (const name of names) {
    for (const i in name+"_") { // Additional iteration to NOT delete a character
        const key = (name.slice(0, i) + name.slice(+i + 1, name.length)).toLowerCase();
        // Group words together where the removal from the same index leads to the same key
        if (!map[key]) map[key] = Array.from({length: key.length+1}, () => new Set);
        // If NO character was removed, put the word in EACH group
        for (const set of (+i < name.length ? [map[key][i]] : map[key])) {
            if (set.has(name)) continue;
            for (let similar of set) pairs.add(JSON.stringify([similar, name].sort()));
            set.add(name);
        }
    }
}
const result = [...pairs].sort().map(JSON.parse); // sort is optional
console.log(result);

// Test strings (provided by OP) with some additions
var strs = ["Jeff","mandy","jeff","king","queen","joff", "Queen", "jff", "tim", "Timmo", "Tom", "Rob", "Bob"] 

// Function to convert a string into a numeric representation
// to aid with string similarity comparison
function atoi(str, maxLen){
  var i = 0;
  for( var j = 0; j < maxLen; j++ ){
    if( str[j] != null ){
      i += str.toLowerCase().charCodeAt(j)*Math.pow(64,maxLen-j) - 'a'.charCodeAt(0)*Math.pow(64,maxLen-j)
    } else {
      // Normalize the string with a pad char
      // up to the maxLen (update the value, but don't actually
      // update the string...)
      i += '-'.charCodeAt(0)*Math.pow(64,maxLen-j) - 'a'.charCodeAt(0)*Math.pow(64,maxLen-j)
    }
  }
  valMap.push({
     str,
     i 
  })
  return i;
}

Number.prototype.inRange = function(min, max){ return(this >= min && this <= max) }

var valMap = []; // Array of string-value pairs

var maxLen = strs.map((s) => s.length).sort().pop() // maxLen of all strings in the array
console.log('maxLen', maxLen)
strs.forEach((s) => atoi(s, maxLen)) // Map strings to values

var similars = [];
var subArr = []
var margin = 0.05;
valMap.sort((a,b) => a.i > b.i ? 1 : -1) // Sort the map...
valMap.forEach((entry, idx) => {  
  if( idx > 0 ){
      var closeness = Math.abs(entry.i / valMap[idx-1].i);
      if( closeness.inRange( 1 - margin, 1 + margin ) ){
        if( subArr.length == 0 ) subArr.push(valMap[idx-1].str)
        subArr.push(entry.str)
        if( idx == valMap.length - 1){
          similars.push(subArr)
        }
      } else {
        if( subArr.length > 0 ) similars.push(subArr)
        subArr = []
      }
  }
})
console.log('similars', similars)

var valMap = []; // Array of string-value pairs

/* Extensions */
Number.prototype.inRange = function(min, max){ return(this >= min && this <= max) }

/* Methods */
// Function to convert a string into a numeric representation
// to aid with string similarity comparison
function atoi(str, maxLen){
  var i = 0;
  for( var j = 0; j < maxLen; j++ ){
    if( str[j] != null ){
      i += str.toLowerCase().charCodeAt(j)*Math.pow(64,maxLen-j) - 'a'.charCodeAt(0)*Math.pow(64,maxLen-j)
    } else {
      // Normalize the string with a pad char
      // up to the maxLen (update the value, but don't actually
      // update the string...)
      i += '-'.charCodeAt(0)*Math.pow(64,maxLen-j) - 'a'.charCodeAt(0)*Math.pow(64,maxLen-j)
    }
  }
  valMap.push({ str, i })
  return i;
}

function findSimilars(strs){
  var maxLen = strs.map((s) => s.length).sort().pop() // maxLen of all strings in the array
  console.log('maxLen', maxLen)
  strs.forEach((s) => atoi(s, maxLen)) // Map strings to values

  var similars = [];
  var subArr = []
  var margin = 0.05;
  valMap.sort((a,b) => a.i > b.i ? 1 : -1) // Sort the map...
  valMap.forEach((entry, idx) => {  
    if( idx > 0 ){
        var closeness = Math.abs(entry.i / valMap[idx-1].i);
        if( closeness.inRange( 1 - margin, 1 + margin ) ){
          if( subArr.length == 0 ) subArr.push(valMap[idx-1].str)
          subArr.push(entry.str)
          if( idx == valMap.length - 1){
            similars.push(subArr)
          }
        } else {
          if( subArr.length > 0 ) similars.push(subArr)
          subArr = []
        }
    }
  })
  console.log('similars', similars)
}

// Stress test with 20k+ names 
$.get('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dominictarr/random-name/master/names.json')
.then((resp) => {
  var strs = JSON.parse(resp);
  console.time('processing')
  findSimilars(strs)
  console.timeEnd('processing')
})
.catch((err) => { console.err('Err retrieving JSON'); })

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